Resting metabolic rate and body composition in postmenopausal women

Objective: The present study evaluated the relationship between resting metabolic rate (RMR) and body composition of postmenopausal women. Methods: Thirty physically inactive women participated in the study, and their age average was 54,33 5,20 years old. Oxygen consumption was measured by indirect calorimetry after 12 hours of fasting and the values were calculated according to the equation of Weir. Body composition was obtained by the method of skinfolds and the measurement of waist circumference (WC) was used to assess abdominal fat. The linear correlation of Pearson was used to establish correlations between the variables. Results: We found significant correlations of TMR with the CC (0.42) and the lean mass (LM) (r = 0.48). Conclusions:The variables of body composition that can be involved in the determination of the RMR are LM and WC. Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab, 2009;53(6):755-953675575

Multi-messenger observations of a binary neutron star merger

On 2017 August 17 a binary neutron star coalescence candidate (later designated GW170817) with merger time 12:41:04 UTC was observed through gravitational waves by the Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo detectors. The Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor independently detected a gamma-ray burst (GRB 170817A) with a time delay of ~1.7 s with respect to the merger time. From the gravitational-wave signal, the source was initially localized to a sky region of 31 deg2 at a luminosity distance of 40+8-8 Mpc and with component masses consistent with neutron stars. The component masses were later measured to be in the range 0.86 to 2.26 Mo. An extensive observing campaign was launched across the electromagnetic spectrum leading to the discovery of a bright optical transient (SSS17a, now with the IAU identification of AT 2017gfo) in NGC 4993 (at ~40 Mpc) less than 11 hours after the merger by the One- Meter, Two Hemisphere (1M2H) team using the 1 m Swope Telescope. The optical transient was independently detected by multiple teams within an hour. Subsequent observations targeted the object and its environment. Early ultraviolet observations revealed a blue transient that faded within 48 hours. Optical and infrared observations showed a redward evolution over ~10 days. Following early non-detections, X-ray and radio emission were discovered at the transient’s position ~9 and ~16 days, respectively, after the merger. Both the X-ray and radio emission likely arise from a physical process that is distinct from the one that generates the UV/optical/near-infrared emission. No ultra-high-energy gamma-rays and no neutrino candidates consistent with the source were found in follow-up searches. These observations support the hypothesis that GW170817 was produced by the merger of two neutron stars in NGC4993 followed by a short gamma-ray burst (GRB 170817A) and a kilonova/macronova powered by the radioactive decay of r-process nuclei synthesized in the ejecta

The periodized resistance training promotes similar changes in lipid profile in middle-aged men and women

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Aim. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of 16 weeks of periodized resistance training in lipid profile in sedentary middle-aged men and women. Methods. Healthy subjects (N.=50), middle-aged men and postmenopausal women (>12 months amenorrhea), were randomized into resistance training men (RTM), resistance training women (RTW), control group men (CGM) and control group women (CGW). They performed three weekly sessions for 16 weeks (9 exercises with 3 x 8-10 RM and with a 60-90 seconds rest period). Results. Trained groups showed significant decrease in total cholesterol (TC) (RTM -23.61%; RTW -21.08%; P=0.0001) and LDL-C (RTM -35.68%; RTW -38.53%; P=0.0001). No significant changes were observed in HDL-C and triglycerides (TG). No significant changes were found in plasma levels of LDL-C, HDL-C and TG for control groups, though there were significant differences between CGM and CGW for TC. Conclusion. The present results indicate that 16 weeks of periodized RT contribute to decrease of cardiovascular risk factors, such as LDL-C and TC in middle-aged men and women, even without changes in body mass and body mass index.523286292Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq

Inflammatory responses after different velocities of eccentric exercise

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)OBJECTIVE: The present study aimed to verify the indirect markers of muscle damage and inflammatory response following different velocities of eccentric exercise in women. METHODS: Nine women performed isokinetic eccentric actions at a slow velocity (Ecc30 group, 23.8 +/- 2.0 years; 57.8 +/- 7.0 Kg; 1.6 +/- 0.5 m) and another ten women performed at high velocity (Ecc210 group, 22.2 +/- 3.9 years; 56.4 +/- 6.0 Kg; 1.6 +/- 0.5 m). Maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC), range of motion (ROM), upper-arm circumference, muscle soreness, creatine kinase (CK), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) were measured before, immediately after (except CK and cytokines), and 24, 48 and 72 h following exercise. Normalized changes in the variables following exercise were compared between velocities by a mixed model. RESULTS: The Ecc30 demonstrated greater CK activity than the Ecc210 (group vs. time interaction, P < 0.001). A group effect for circumference and ROM (P < 0.001) and a time effect for circumference (P = 0.003), ROM (P = 0.004), soreness (P < 0.001), TNF-alpha (P = 0.004), IL-6 (P = 0.001) and IL-10 (P = 0.041) were found. The Ecc30 showed large effect sizes for TNF-alpha and IL-6 compared to Ecc210, which presented small and moderate effect sizes, respectively. IL-10 showed a moderate effect size for both groups. CONCLUSIONS: The velocity of the eccentric exercise does not modulate the systemic anti-inflammatory response, at least for a low number of muscle contractions performed by a small muscle group in women.2217784Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)extracurricular project of weight training and fitness (Faculty of Physical Education of State University of Campinas - UNICAMP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)FAPESP [2012/09709-0