A Politico-Communal Reading of the Rose

Lettura del Fiore in rapporto alle fonti retoriche e politiche di ambiente comunal

Development of a non-toxic and non-denaturing formulation process for encapsulation of SDF-1α into PLGA/PEG-PLGA nanoparticles to achieve sustained release

International audienceno abstrac

Absence of lung fibrosis after a single pulmonary delivery of lipid nanocapsules in rats

International audienceLipid nanocapsules (LNCs) are potential drug carriers for pulmonary delivery since they can be nebulized without any structural or functional changes, and the aerosols produced are highly compatible with pulmonary drug delivery in human beings. The alveolar surface tension, in vitro cytotoxicity, biodistribution and pulmonary toxicity in rats of a single endotracheal spray of LNCs or paclitaxel-loaded LNCs were studied. In vitro cytotoxicity of LNCs after a spray remained unchanged. Biodistribution study showed a homogeneous repartition in the lungs in rats with an improvement in lung retention of the radiolabeled tracer loaded in LNCs compared to the absence of LNCs with a lung half-time of 8.8±0.7 hours. Bronchoalveolar fluid analysis revealed transient 7-day alveolar inflammation, reaching a maximum between days 2 and 4, characterized by a peak of granulocytes at day 1 followed by a peak of lymphocytes at day 3. Alveolar protein levels were increased at days 3 and 7. Acute inflammation was increased with paclitaxel-loaded LNCs in comparison with blank LNCs but dropped out at day 7. No histological pulmonary lesion was observed at day 60. LNCs lowered surface tension to a greater degree than Curosurf® in a physicochemical model of the pulmonary alveolus. A single pulmonary delivery of LNCs induces a short-term alveolar inflammation with no residual lesions in rats at day 60. These data permit to start the study of LNCs in surfactant replacement therapy

Lipoprotein turnover and possible remnant accumulation in preeclampsia: insights from the Freiburg Preeclampsia H.E.L.P.-apheresis study

Abstract Background Preeclampsia is a life-threatening disease in pregnancy, and its complex pathomechanisms are poorly understood. In preeclampsia, lipid metabolism is substantially altered. In late onset preeclampsia, remnant removal disease like lipoprotein profiles have been observed. Lipid apheresis is currently being explored as a possible therapeutic approach to prolong preeclamptic pregnancies. Here, apheresis-induced changes in serum lipid parameters are analyzed in detail and their implications for preeclamptic lipid metabolism are discussed. Methods In the Freiburg H.E.L.P.-Apheresis Study, 6 early onset preeclamptic patients underwent repeated apheresis treatments. Serum lipids pre- and post-apheresis and during lipid rebound were analyzed in depth via ultracentrifugation to yield lipoprotein subclasses. Results The net elimination of Apolipoprotein B and plasma lipids was lower than theoretically expected. Lipids returned to previous pre-apheresis levels before the next apheresis even though apheresis was repeated within 2.9 ± 1.2 days. Apparent fractional catabolic rates and synthetic rates were substantially elevated, with fractional catabolic rates for Apolipoprotein B / LDL-cholesterol being 0.7 ± 0.3 / 0.4 ± 0.2 [day− 1] and synthetic rates being 26 ± 8 / 17 ± 8 [mg*kg− 1*day− 1]. The distribution of LDL-subclasses after apheresis shifted to larger buoyant LDL, while intermediate-density lipoprotein-levels remained unaffected, supporting the notion of an underlying remnant removal disorder in preeclampsia. Conclusion Lipid metabolism seems to be highly accelerated in preeclampsia, likely outbalancing remnant removal mechanisms. Since cholesterol-rich lipoprotein remnants are able to accumulate in the vessel wall, remnant lipoproteins may contribute to the severe endothelial dysfunction observed in preeclampsia. Trial registration ClinicalTrails.gov, NCT01967355

Jean Tardieu. Des livres et des voix

Le deuxième livre de Jean Tardieu contient le premier, le sixième reprend des poèmes du troisième, le septième inclut le sixième, des textes du quatrième se retrouvent dans le onzième. Il convient de se méfier des sous-titres : « proses » apposé à La part de l'ombre annonce bien ce qu'il contient, mais les « poèmes » de L'accent grave et l'accent aigu peuvent être d'assez longs textes en prose ; à distinguer des « poèmes traduits des arts », textes sur la peinture, eux-mêmes différents des « poèmes à voir », sorte de calligrammes, et des « poèmes à jouer » qui sont des pièces de théâtre. Au reste, les frontières génériques sont perméables. Dans la fabrication de ses livres, Jean Tardieu est inlassablement inventeur de formes nouvelles et mystificateur. Inadvertance ? Malice ? Volonté surtout de ne pas emprisonner dans un provisoire parti pris éditorial la polyphonie d'« une voix sans personne ». Écrites par de nombreux spécialistes de l'œuvre, mais aussi par des hommes et femmes de théâtre, les contributions réunies dans cet ouvrage se proposent d'interroger cette diversité des voix dans les livres de Jean Tardieu. On y trouve des informations, des témoignages, des réflexions, des essais. Il est ainsi, à l'image de l'auteur dont il traite, à plusieurs voix, et offre de multiples chemins dans cet univers foisonnant