“Estudio de Estabilidad de una pomada antiinflamatoria de uso tópico obtenida a partir del Extracto Etanólico de la Muehlenbeckia volcánica (Benth) Endl. (mullaca)”/ “Estudo de estabilidade de uma pomada antiinflamatória para uso tópico obtido do Extrato Etanólico da Muehlenbeckia volcánica (Benth) Endl. (mullaca)"

El presente estudio se realizó para determinar la estabilidad de una pomada con actividad antiinflamatoria de uso tópico a partir del extracto etanólico de Muehlenbeckia volcánica (Benth) Endl. . Se hizo una selección cuidadosa de las partes aéreas de Muehlenbeckia volcánica (Benth.) Endl. La droga fue secada bajo sombra en condiciones especiales evitando la humedad, el polvo y el sol directo. Luego fue  estabilizada  en la estufa a 35°C. El material seco fue  fragmentado en un molino manual obteniéndose un tamaño de  partículas de 5 mm para asegurar que el proceso de extracción cumpla  con los requisitos de calidad. A partir del material vegetal (50g) seco y fragmentado se procedió a realizar el proceso de  la extracción por el método de la percolación. Las pruebas de estabilidad se realizaron con los protocolos de Estabilidad <1047> USP 41. El extracto fluido de las partes aéreas de la especie Muehlenbeckia volcánica (Benth), presentaron triterpenos y o esteroides, taninos, flavonoides, saponinas y catequinas. La pomada o/w, fue formulada con  una concentración del 10% de extracto fluido. Las características organolépticas de la pomada obtenida fueron, aspecto homogéneo, con brillo sin grumos, olor inodoro, la respuesta táctil  fue fluida y muy agradable, no hubo presencia de exudado y la extensibilidad de la pomada obtenida a partir del extracto fluido se incrementó levemente con el aumento de la temperatura. Se concluye que la pomada formulada a una concentración de 10% a partir del extracto fluido de la especie Muehlenbeckia volcánica (Benth) Endl, presentó  características organolépticas, controles fisicoquímicos  y estabilidad acelerada dentro de los valores permitidos

Compartiendo saberes de educación y humanidades

Los capítulos referentes a este libro tratan diversos temas tales como: 1) la construcción de los estudiantes de la licenciatura en químico farmacéutico biólogo el juicio valorativo y personaI deI significado en su desarroIIo profesionaI desde eI punto de vista axiológico, 2) se realiza un estudio en el Plantel Cuauhtémoc con Ia finaIidad de orientar a Ia comunidad estudiantiI aI tratamiento deI probIema de los residuos sólidos desde su etapa de diagnóstico hasta una propuesta de solución de la problemática, 3) se analiza como a nivel básico se construye el conocimiento y la participación del género en los estudiantes, en donde se observa que el papel del docente es un promotor importante, 4) es un tema que actualmente está causando mucho interés tanto en la educación como el la población en general, las redes sociales que actuaImente ese consideran un medio de comunicación con mucha influencia dentro de la sociedad, 5) se adentra al campo de la psicología y la tanatología ante los recursos resilientes que presentan las familias ante la muerte de un hijo, 6) es una investigación dedicada a identificar Ias diferentes percepciones que tienen las mujeres y los hombres en relación a la felicidad y la desdicha dentro del matrimonio, 7) es un análisis Transgeneracional para aportar las referencias familiares que permiten la permanencia del abuso sexual infantil en tres generaciones, de las cuales en la última generación se rompe ese secreto avallazador al romper el silencio, 8) es un ensayo acerca del juego terapéutico desde el punto de vista psicoanalítico, en el que se advierte ese juego en el que entra el paciente con el psicoanalista, 9) la metodología de la observación para la integración de la pericial en psicología, en donde se denotan desde la parte jurídica como se fundamente esta pericial y fortalece el logro del dictamen para tener un buen dictamen, 10) es una propuesta de construcción y validez del instrumento BP-22 Bienestar Psicológico en el ámbito de la educación superior, 11) se identifica a Ios procesos eIectoraIes como complicados, de tal manera que abre un panorama al marketing de los partidos políticos para conducir la voluntad ciudadana, y además ayuda al posicionamiento de los partidos, 12) aporta una base sobre Ios procesos identificatorios en eI movimiento estudiantiI de Ia UNAM deI año de I999, pIanteándoIo desde dos ejes de análisis: las identidades universitarias y el apartado del texto, que permiten configurar eI movimiento estudiantiI como un acontecimiento capaz de generar articulaciones nuevas de solidaridad. AI finaI deI Iibro se encuentran Ias síntesis curricuIares de cada uno de los autores, que aportaron sus investigaciones para la integración y generación de nuevos aportes científicos.Como su nombre lo indica COMPARTIENDO SABERES DE EDUCACIÓN Y HUMANIDADES, es un Iibro que denota eI deseo de integrar conocimiento para la comunidad estudiantil, llevarlos al interés de la investigación a través de la participación de los investigadores de diferentes áreas como: la educación, las ciencias sociales y las humanidades. Que les permite tener no solo un espacio en la difusión de los avances de sus estudios, sino que además permite el generar el interés de quién lo lee en diferentes formas de investigación, se encuentran estudios tanto cualitativos como cuantitativos, desde descriptivos hasta un nivel de intervención en la práctica de estas áreas.Universidad Autónoma del Estado de méxic

Genomic, Pathway Network, and Immunologic Features Distinguishing Squamous Carcinomas

This integrated, multiplatform PanCancer Atlas study co-mapped and identified distinguishing molecular features of squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) from five sites associated with smokin

Pan-Cancer Analysis of lncRNA Regulation Supports Their Targeting of Cancer Genes in Each Tumor Context

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are commonly dys-regulated in tumors, but only a handful are known toplay pathophysiological roles in cancer. We inferredlncRNAs that dysregulate cancer pathways, onco-genes, and tumor suppressors (cancer genes) bymodeling their effects on the activity of transcriptionfactors, RNA-binding proteins, and microRNAs in5,185 TCGA tumors and 1,019 ENCODE assays.Our predictions included hundreds of candidateonco- and tumor-suppressor lncRNAs (cancerlncRNAs) whose somatic alterations account for thedysregulation of dozens of cancer genes and path-ways in each of 14 tumor contexts. To demonstrateproof of concept, we showed that perturbations tar-geting OIP5-AS1 (an inferred tumor suppressor) andTUG1 and WT1-AS (inferred onco-lncRNAs) dysre-gulated cancer genes and altered proliferation ofbreast and gynecologic cancer cells. Our analysis in-dicates that, although most lncRNAs are dysregu-lated in a tumor-specific manner, some, includingOIP5-AS1, TUG1, NEAT1, MEG3, and TSIX, synergis-tically dysregulate cancer pathways in multiple tumorcontexts

Pan-cancer Alterations of the MYC Oncogene and Its Proximal Network across the Cancer Genome Atlas

Although theMYConcogene has been implicated incancer, a systematic assessment of alterations ofMYC, related transcription factors, and co-regulatoryproteins, forming the proximal MYC network (PMN),across human cancers is lacking. Using computa-tional approaches, we define genomic and proteo-mic features associated with MYC and the PMNacross the 33 cancers of The Cancer Genome Atlas.Pan-cancer, 28% of all samples had at least one ofthe MYC paralogs amplified. In contrast, the MYCantagonists MGA and MNT were the most frequentlymutated or deleted members, proposing a roleas tumor suppressors.MYCalterations were mutu-ally exclusive withPIK3CA,PTEN,APC,orBRAFalterations, suggesting that MYC is a distinct onco-genic driver. Expression analysis revealed MYC-associated pathways in tumor subtypes, such asimmune response and growth factor signaling; chro-matin, translation, and DNA replication/repair wereconserved pan-cancer. This analysis reveals insightsinto MYC biology and is a reference for biomarkersand therapeutics for cancers with alterations ofMYC or the PMN

Spatial Organization and Molecular Correlation of Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes Using Deep Learning on Pathology Images

Beyond sample curation and basic pathologic characterization, the digitized H&E-stained images of TCGA samples remain underutilized. To highlight this resource, we present mappings of tumorinfiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) based on H&E images from 13 TCGA tumor types. These TIL maps are derived through computational staining using a convolutional neural network trained to classify patches of images. Affinity propagation revealed local spatial structure in TIL patterns and correlation with overall survival. TIL map structural patterns were grouped using standard histopathological parameters. These patterns are enriched in particular T cell subpopulations derived from molecular measures. TIL densities and spatial structure were differentially enriched among tumor types, immune subtypes, and tumor molecular subtypes, implying that spatial infiltrate state could reflect particular tumor cell aberration states. Obtaining spatial lymphocytic patterns linked to the rich genomic characterization of TCGA samples demonstrates one use for the TCGA image archives with insights into the tumor-immune microenvironment

Antimicrobial resistance among migrants in Europe: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND: Rates of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) are rising globally and there is concern that increased migration is contributing to the burden of antibiotic resistance in Europe. However, the effect of migration on the burden of AMR in Europe has not yet been comprehensively examined. Therefore, we did a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify and synthesise data for AMR carriage or infection in migrants to Europe to examine differences in patterns of AMR across migrant groups and in different settings. METHODS: For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, and Scopus with no language restrictions from Jan 1, 2000, to Jan 18, 2017, for primary data from observational studies reporting antibacterial resistance in common bacterial pathogens among migrants to 21 European Union-15 and European Economic Area countries. To be eligible for inclusion, studies had to report data on carriage or infection with laboratory-confirmed antibiotic-resistant organisms in migrant populations. We extracted data from eligible studies and assessed quality using piloted, standardised forms. We did not examine drug resistance in tuberculosis and excluded articles solely reporting on this parameter. We also excluded articles in which migrant status was determined by ethnicity, country of birth of participants' parents, or was not defined, and articles in which data were not disaggregated by migrant status. Outcomes were carriage of or infection with antibiotic-resistant organisms. We used random-effects models to calculate the pooled prevalence of each outcome. The study protocol is registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42016043681. FINDINGS: We identified 2274 articles, of which 23 observational studies reporting on antibiotic resistance in 2319 migrants were included. The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or AMR infection in migrants was 25·4% (95% CI 19·1-31·8; I2 =98%), including meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (7·8%, 4·8-10·7; I2 =92%) and antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (27·2%, 17·6-36·8; I2 =94%). The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or infection was higher in refugees and asylum seekers (33·0%, 18·3-47·6; I2 =98%) than in other migrant groups (6·6%, 1·8-11·3; I2 =92%). The pooled prevalence of antibiotic-resistant organisms was slightly higher in high-migrant community settings (33·1%, 11·1-55·1; I2 =96%) than in migrants in hospitals (24·3%, 16·1-32·6; I2 =98%). We did not find evidence of high rates of transmission of AMR from migrant to host populations. INTERPRETATION: Migrants are exposed to conditions favouring the emergence of drug resistance during transit and in host countries in Europe. Increased antibiotic resistance among refugees and asylum seekers and in high-migrant community settings (such as refugee camps and detention facilities) highlights the need for improved living conditions, access to health care, and initiatives to facilitate detection of and appropriate high-quality treatment for antibiotic-resistant infections during transit and in host countries. Protocols for the prevention and control of infection and for antibiotic surveillance need to be integrated in all aspects of health care, which should be accessible for all migrant groups, and should target determinants of AMR before, during, and after migration. FUNDING: UK National Institute for Health Research Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, Imperial College Healthcare Charity, the Wellcome Trust, and UK National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare-associated Infections and Antimictobial Resistance at Imperial College London

Polygenic risk scores and breast and epithelial ovarian cancer risks for carriers of BRCA1 and BRCA2 pathogenic variants

Purpose We assessed the associations between population-based polygenic risk scores (PRS) for breast (BC) or epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) with cancer risks forBRCA1andBRCA2pathogenic variant carriers. Methods Retrospective cohort data on 18,935BRCA1and 12,339BRCA2female pathogenic variant carriers of European ancestry were available. Three versions of a 313 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) BC PRS were evaluated based on whether they predict overall, estrogen receptor (ER)-negative, or ER-positive BC, and two PRS for overall or high-grade serous EOC. Associations were validated in a prospective cohort. Results The ER-negative PRS showed the strongest association with BC risk forBRCA1carriers (hazard ratio [HR] per standard deviation = 1.29 [95% CI 1.25-1.33],P = 3x10(-72)). ForBRCA2, the strongest association was with overall BC PRS (HR = 1.31 [95% CI 1.27-1.36],P = 7x10(-50)). HR estimates decreased significantly with age and there was evidence for differences in associations by predicted variant effects on protein expression. The HR estimates were smaller than general population estimates. The high-grade serous PRS yielded the strongest associations with EOC risk forBRCA1(HR = 1.32 [95% CI 1.25-1.40],P = 3x10(-22)) andBRCA2(HR = 1.44 [95% CI 1.30-1.60],P = 4x10(-12)) carriers. The associations in the prospective cohort were similar. Conclusion Population-based PRS are strongly associated with BC and EOC risks forBRCA1/2carriers and predict substantial absolute risk differences for women at PRS distribution extremes.Peer reviewe

Copy number variants as modifiers of breast cancer risk for BRCA1/BRCA2 pathogenic variant carriers

The risk of germline copy number variants (CNVs) in BRCA1 and BRCA2 pathogenic variant carriers in breast cancer is assessed, with CNVs overlapping SULT1A1 decreasing breast cancer risk in BRCA1 carriers.The contribution of germline copy number variants (CNVs) to risk of developing cancer in individuals with pathogenic BRCA1 or BRCA2 variants remains relatively unknown. We conducted the largest genome-wide analysis of CNVs in 15,342 BRCA1 and 10,740 BRCA2 pathogenic variant carriers. We used these results to prioritise a candidate breast cancer risk-modifier gene for laboratory analysis and biological validation. Notably, the HR for deletions in BRCA1 suggested an elevated breast cancer risk estimate (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.21), 95% confidence interval (95% CI = 1.09-1.35) compared with non-CNV pathogenic variants. In contrast, deletions overlapping SULT1A1 suggested a decreased breast cancer risk (HR = 0.73, 95% CI 0.59-0.91) in BRCA1 pathogenic variant carriers. Functional analyses of SULT1A1 showed that reduced mRNA expression in pathogenic BRCA1 variant cells was associated with reduced cellular proliferation and reduced DNA damage after treatment with DNA damaging agents. These data provide evidence that deleterious variants in BRCA1 plus SULT1A1 deletions contribute to variable breast cancer risk in BRCA1 carriers.Peer reviewe