Circular dichroism of anthocyanidin 3-glucoside self-aggregates

“NOTICE: this is the author’s version of a work that was accepted for publication in Phytochemistry. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in Phytochemistry Volume 88, April 2013, Pages 92–98. DOI 10.1016/j.phytochem.2012.12.011 ."“NOTICE: this is the author’s version of a work that was accepted for publication in Phytochemistry. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in Phytochemistry Volume 88, April 2013, Pages 92–98. DOI 10.1016/j.phytochem.2012.12.011 .""Self-association constants for the flavylium cations of the six most common anthocyanidin 3-glucosides were determined by circular dichroism (CD) and UV–Vis spectroscopy. Along with previous 1H NMR results, all measurements were consistent with a monomer–dimer model. The CD spectra of the antho-cyanidin 3-glucosides were similar to the analogues 3,5-diglucosides. All dimers of the anthocyanidin 3-glucosides exhibited left-handed CD signals, with petunidin-3-glucoside and myrtillin having the most intense signals. In addition, the magnitude of the molar ellipticity, [h], was generally higher for the 3-glucosides than for the 3,5-diglucosides. For all six anthocyanins studied, the CD absorption spectra of their dimers showed evidence of the splitting of the monomer absorption into lower (J) and higher (H) energy bands. The angle and the distance between the dipolar moments of the two monomers comprising the dimer were obtained from the lower energy absorption band. While the angle was more or less similar in all six dimers, the separation distance between the monomer dipole moments differed dramatically. The intensity of the CD signal displayed a linear dependence with the inverse square of the dipole moment distances.

Lower bounds for open charm and beauty contributions to F_2

On the basis of some peculiar scaling properties of the OPE coefficient functions, we give the lower bounds for F_2^{c\bar{c}} and F_2^{b\bar{b}} independently of the properties of the gluon density function. Predictions for F_2^{b\bar{b}} within reach of HERA are made.Comment: 10 pages, 4 eps figures. Misprints are corrected and comment is added. To appear in JHE

Hadron multiplicity in e+e- events induced by top quark pairs at the ILC energy

The average charged hadron multiplicity in the $e^+e^-$ events with the primary $t\bar{t}$-pair at the collision energy 500 GeV, as well as the average multiplicity of charged hadrons from the top quark are calculated in QCD to be $86.7 \pm 1.11$ and $41.0 \pm 0.54$, respectively.Comment: 24 pages, 12 figures, journal version, to be published in PMC Physics

On the effective potential for Horava-Lifshitz-like theories with the arbitrary critical exponent

We calculate the one-loop effective potential for Horava-Lifshitz-like QED and Yukawa-like theory for arbitrary values of the critical exponent and the space-time dimension.Comment: 10 pages, version accepted in PL

Modeling Static Electric Field Effect on Nematic Liquid Crystal Director Orientation in Side-Electrode Cell

A two-dimensional model of Fredericks effect was used for the investigation of the static electric field influence on nematic liquid crystal director orientation in the side-electrode cell. The solutions of the equations describing the model were obtained by finite-difference methods. Fredericks transition threshold for the central part of the cell, as well as dependencies of the distribution of the director orientation patterns on the electric field and location, were obtained. The numerical results are found to agree qualitatively with the experiment. Further investigations are needed to elucidate completely the Fredericks effect

Integrin Alpha 8 Recessive Mutations Are Responsible for Bilateral Renal Agenesis in Humans

Renal hypodysplasia (RHD) is a heterogeneous condition encompassing a spectrum of kidney development defects including renal agenesis, hypoplasia, and (cystic) dysplasia. Heterozygous mutations of several genes have been identified as genetic causes of RHD with various severity. However, these genes and mutations are not associated with bilateral renal agenesis, except for RET mutations, which could be involved in a few cases. The pathophysiological mechanisms leading to total absence of kidney development thus remain largely elusive. By using a whole-exome sequencing approach in families with several fetuses with bilateral renal agenesis, we identified recessive mutations in the integrin α8-encoding gene ITGA8 in two families. Itga8 homozygous knockout in mice is known to result in absence of kidney development. We provide evidence of a damaging effect of the human ITGA8 mutations. These results demonstrate that mutations of ITGA8 are a genetic cause of bilateral renal agenesis and that, at least in some cases, bilateral renal agenesis is an autosomal-recessive disease

Plasma Wakefield Acceleration with a Modulated Proton Bunch

The plasma wakefield amplitudes which could be achieved via the modulation of a long proton bunch are investigated. We find that in the limit of long bunches compared to the plasma wavelength, the strength of the accelerating fields is directly proportional to the number of particles in the drive bunch and inversely proportional to the square of the transverse bunch size. The scaling laws were tested and verified in detailed simulations using parameters of existing proton accelerators, and large electric fields were achieved, reaching 1 GV/m for LHC bunches. Energy gains for test electrons beyond 6 TeV were found in this case.Comment: 9 pages, 7 figure

Polymer-based or polymer-free stents in patients at high bleeding risk

Background: polymer-free drug-coated stents provide superior clinical outcomes to bare-metal stents in patients at high bleeding risk who undergo percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and are treated with 1 month of dual antiplatelet therapy. Data on the use of polymer-based drug-eluting stents, as compared with polymer-free drug-coated stents, in such patients are limited. Methods: in an international, randomized, single-blind trial, we compared polymer-based zotarolimus-eluting stents with polymer-free umirolimus-coated stents in patients at high bleeding risk. After PCI, patients were treated with 1 month of dual antiplatelet therapy, followed by single antiplatelet therapy. The primary outcome was a safety composite of death from cardiac causes, myocardial infarction, or stent thrombosis at 1 year. The principal secondary outcome was target-lesion failure, an effectiveness composite of death from cardiac causes, target-vessel myocardial infarction, or clinically indicated target-lesion revascularization. Both outcomes were powered for noninferiority. Results: a total of 1996 patients at high bleeding risk were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive zotarolimus-eluting stents (1003 patients) or polymer-free drug-coated stents (993 patients). At 1 year, the primary outcome was observed in 169 of 988 patients (17.1%) in the zotarolimus-eluting stent group and in 164 of 969 (16.9%) in the polymer-free drug-coated stent group (risk difference, 0.2 percentage points; upper boundary of the one-sided 97.5% confidence interval [CI], 3.5; noninferiority margin, 4.1; P = 0.01 for noninferiority). The principal secondary outcome was observed in 174 patients (17.6%) in the zotarolimus-eluting stent group and in 169 (17.4%) in the polymer-free drug-coated stent group (risk difference, 0.2 percentage points; upper boundary of the one-sided 97.5% CI, 3.5; noninferiority margin, 4.4; P = 0.007 for noninferiority). Conclusions: among patients at high bleeding risk who received 1 month of dual antiplatelet therapy after PCI, use of polymer-based zotarolimus-eluting stents was noninferior to use of polymer-free drug-coated stents with regard to safety and effectiveness composite outcomes. (Funded by Medtronic; ONYX ONE ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT03344653.)

Measurement of the cross-section and charge asymmetry of WW bosons produced in proton-proton collisions at s=8\sqrt{s}=8 TeV with the ATLAS detector

This paper presents measurements of the $W^+ \rightarrow \mu^+\nu$ and $W^- \rightarrow \mu^-\nu$ cross-sections and the associated charge asymmetry as a function of the absolute pseudorapidity of the decay muon. The data were collected in proton--proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV with the ATLAS experiment at the LHC and correspond to a total integrated luminosity of 20.2~\mbox{fb^{-1}}. The precision of the cross-section measurements varies between 0.8% to 1.5% as a function of the pseudorapidity, excluding the 1.9% uncertainty on the integrated luminosity. The charge asymmetry is measured with an uncertainty between 0.002 and 0.003. The results are compared with predictions based on next-to-next-to-leading-order calculations with various parton distribution functions and have the sensitivity to discriminate between them.Comment: 38 pages in total, author list starting page 22, 5 figures, 4 tables, submitted to EPJC. All figures including auxiliary figures are available at https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/STDM-2017-13

Search for direct stau production in events with two hadronic tau-leptons in root s=13 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector

A search for the direct production of the supersymmetric partners ofτ-leptons (staus) in final stateswith two hadronically decayingτ-leptons is presented. The analysis uses a dataset of pp collisions corresponding to an integrated luminosity of139fb−1, recorded with the ATLAS detector at the LargeHadron Collider at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. No significant deviation from the expected StandardModel background is observed. Limits are derived in scenarios of direct production of stau pairs with eachstau decaying into the stable lightest neutralino and oneτ-lepton in simplified models where the two staumass eigenstates are degenerate. Stau masses from 120 GeV to 390 GeV are excluded at 95% confidencelevel for a massless lightest neutralino