Criterios Clínicos para el Manejo de las Complicaciones del Tejido Blando Periimplantar

Fil: Seni, SL. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontología. Cátedra de Cirugía y Traumatología Bucomaxilofacial I; Argentina.Fil: Mollo, LN. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontología. Cátedra de Cirugía y Traumatología Bucomaxilofacial I; Argentina.Fil: Katra, R. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontología. Cátedra de Cirugía y Traumatología Bucomaxilofacial I; Argentina.Fil: Bugatto, AL. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontología. Cátedra de Cirugía y Traumatología Bucomaxilofacial I; Argentina.Fil: Puia, SA. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Odontología. Cátedra de Cirugía y Traumatología Bucomaxilofacial I; Argentina.Las complicaciones del tejido blando periimplantar condicionan la apariencia estética y el pronóstico clínico de los implantes y son, en la actualidad, cada vez más diagnosticadas. Los defectos gingivales aso-ciados a implantes dentales incluyen recesiones, fe-nestraciones o dehiscencias en la superficie mucosa vestibular, inflamación gingival, ausencia de encía insertada/queratinizada, falta de volumen y presen-cia de concavidades gingivales que generan sombras y oscuridad en la mucosa. La detección de éstas en forma temprana permite establecer un plan de tra-tamiento en busca de soluciones eficaces. Mediante la presentación de una serie de casos, abordaremos distintos procedimientos para aumento de los tejidos blandos periimplantarios y la corrección de defectos. La ganancia de encía queratinizada ha demostrado tener un impacto positivo en la estabilidad a largo pla-zo de todos los tejidos implantarios

Research on implants and osseointegration

Osseointegration was originally defined as a direct structural and functional connection between ordered living bone and the surface of a load-carrying implant. It is now said that an implant is regarded as osseointegrated when there is no progressive relative movement between the implant and the bone with which it is in direct contact. Although the term osseointegration was initially used with reference to titanium metallic implants, the concept is currently applied to all biomaterials that have the ability to osseointegrate. Biomaterials are closely related to the mechanism of osseointegration; these materials are designed to be implanted or incorporated into the living system with the aims to substitute for, or regenerate, tissues and tissue functions. Objective evaluation of the properties of the different biomaterials and of the factors that influence bone repair in general, and at the bone tissue?implant interface, is essential to the clinical success of an implant. The Biomaterials Laboratory of the Oral Pathology Department of the School of Dentistry at the University of Buenos Aires is devoted to the study and research of the properties and biological effects of biomaterials for dental implants and bone substitutes. This paper summarizes the research work resulting from over 25 years? experience in this field. It includes studies conducted at our laboratory on the local and systemic factors affecting the peri-implant bone healing process, using experimental models developed by our research team. The results of our research on corrosion, focusing on dental implants, as well as our experience in the evaluation of failed dental implants and bone biopsies obtained following maxillary sinus floor augmentation with bone substitutes, are also reported. Research on biomaterials and their interaction with the biological system is a continuing challenge in biomedicine, which aims to achieve optimal biocompatibility and thus contribute to patient health.Fil: Guglielmotti, Maria Beatriz. Universidad de Buenos Aires; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay; ArgentinaFil: Olmedo, Daniel Gustavo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires; ArgentinaFil: Cabrini, Rómulo L.. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires; Argentin

The role of GABAA receptors in the acute and chronic effects of ethanol: a decade of progress

The past decade has brought many advances in our understanding of GABA(A) receptor-mediated ethanol action in the central nervous system. We now know that specific GABA(A) receptor subtypes are sensitive to ethanol at doses attained during social drinking while other subtypes respond to ethanol at doses attained by severe intoxication. Furthermore, ethanol increases GABAergic neurotransmission through indirect effects, including the elevation of endogenous GABAergic neuroactive steroids, presynaptic release of GABA, and dephosphorylation of GABA(A) receptors promoting increases in GABA sensitivity. Ethanol’s effects on intracellular signaling also influence GABAergic transmission in multiple ways that vary across brain regions and cell types. The effects of chronic ethanol administration are influenced by adaptations in GABA(A) receptor function, expression, trafficking, and subcellular localization that contribute to ethanol tolerance, dependence, and withdrawal hyperexcitability. Adolescents exhibit altered sensitivity to ethanol actions, the tendency for higher drinking and longer lasting GABAergic adaptations to chronic ethanol administration. The elucidation of the mechanisms that underlie adaptations to ethanol exposure are leading to a better understanding of the regulation of inhibitory transmission and new targets for therapies to support recovery from ethanol withdrawal and alcoholism