Estresse em equinos submetidos ao transporte rodoviário

Resumo: Com o objetivo de avaliar o nível de estresse em equinos submetidos a transporte rodoviário realizou-se a avaliação de parâmetros hematológicos, bioquímicos, hemogasométricos e concentração de cortisol sérico. Cinco equinos foram transportados por 216km e 3,5 horas e houve coleta de sangue 24h antes do embarque, no momento zero (M0), na metade do transporte, onde ocorreu desembarque (M1), no desembarque definitivo (M2), uma (M3), duas (M4), quatro (M5), oito (M6), 12 (M7) e 24 horas (M8) após o desembarque para contagem de hemácias (He), hematócrito (Ht), hemoglobina (Hb) concentração de proteína plasmática total (PPT), glicemia, contagem e diferencial de leucócitos (Leu), cálculo da relação neutrófilo:linfócito (neu:lin), mensuração de creatinaquinase (CK), aspartatoaminotransferase (AST), lactato desidrogenase (LDH), de cortisolemia, pressão parcial de oxigênio (PvO2), pressão parcial de dióxido de carbono (PvCO2), pH e bicarbonato (HCO3). Houve aumento do cortisol em M3 e M7, provavelmente por excitação. Ocorreu elevação de He, Ht e Hb com destaque para M3, possivelmente por contração esplênica e leve desidratação. Em M2 e M3 destacaram-se leucocitose por neutrofilia, aumento da relação neu:lin e eosinopenia após o transporte. Em M2 e M3 ocorreu hiperglicemia. Diminuição da CK ocorreu durante todo o estudo, AST apresentou elevação transitória em M3 e LDH apresentou aumento transitório em M4 possivelmente devido a alimentação anterior. A avaliação hemogasométrica evidenciou acidose metabólica após transporte. Conclui-se que o transporte por 216km e 3,5h atua como fator estressor transitório para equinos

Efeito da suplementação com carboidrato no desempenho de corredores

This study aimed to identify as a carbohydrate (CHO) supplementation can improve performance in high intensity and medium duration activities. Six healthy, trained male runners, aged 30 ± 6.4 years, 171.3 ± 2.8 meters, 74.1 ± 4.6 kg, were included in the study; VO2max of 49 ± 3.7 ml/kg/min, of Lan velocity 10.8 ± 0.5 Km/h and mean of 3.1 ± 1.8 years in the modality. After the passage of the fingers, they were submitted to testes of aerobic power and body composition. Each subject was submitted to two experimental situations, I) 30 minutes of treadmill with the same content as expected Anaerobic threshold (LAn) with CHO supplementation followed by 10 minutes to run against the clock and, II) 30 minutes of treadmill running with intensity corresponding to LAn, without supplementation of CHO and use of placebo substance followed by 10 minutes to run against the clock. We observed that the mean velocity in the run against the clock and the VO2max in LAn showed significant differences (increase of 5.69% and suppression of 4.18%), already occurred with placebo and CHO. We concluded that there was improvement in the results presented with a supplementation of CHO, and it was a strategy to improve performance in short duration and high intensity races.El objetivo del presente estudio fue identificar si la suplementación con carbohidratos (CHO) puede mejorar el rendimiento en actividades de alta intensidad y duración media. El estudio incluyó a 6 corredores masculinos, entrenados y sanos, de 30 ± 6,4 años, 171,3 ± 2,8 metros, 74,1 ± 4,6 kg; VO2max de 49 ± 3,7 ml/kl/min, velocidad Lan de 10,8 ± 0,5 Km/h y con una experiencia media de 3,1 ± 1,8 años en la modalidad. Después de la selección de los sujetos, todos fueron sometidos a pruebas de potencia aeróbica y composición corporal. Cada sujeto fue sometido a dos situaciones experimentales, I) 30 minutos de carrera en cinta ergométrica con la intensidad correspondiente al Umbral Anaeróbico (AT) con suplementación de CHO seguida de 10 minutos contrarreloj y II) 30 minutos de carrera en cinta ergométrica con la intensidad correspondiente al LAn , sin suplementación con CHO y uso de sustancia placebo seguida de 10 minutos contrarreloj. Observamos que la velocidad media en la contrarreloj y el VO2max en el AT mostraron diferencias significativas (aumento del 5,69% y supresión del 4,18% respectivamente), mientras que la frecuencia cardíaca no mostró diferencia estadística entre las condiciones de placebo y CHO. Concluimos que hubo una mejora en los resultados presentados con la suplementación con CHO, lo que puede ser una estrategia para mejorar el rendimiento en carreras de corta duración y alta intensidad.Lo scopo del presente studio era di identificare se l'integrazione di carboidrati (CHO) può migliorare le prestazioni nelle attività ad alta intensità e di media durata. Lo studio ha incluso 6 corridori maschi, allenati e sani, di età compresa tra 30 ± 6,4 anni, 171,3 ± 2,8 metri, 74,1 ± 4,6 kg; VO2max di 49 ± 3,7 ml/kl/min, velocità Lan di 10,8 ± 0,5 Km/he con esperienza media di 3,1 ± 1,8 anni nella modalità. Dopo la selezione dei soggetti, tutti sono stati sottoposti a test di potenza aerobica e composizione corporea. Ciascun soggetto è stato sottoposto a due situazioni sperimentali, I) 30 minuti di corsa su tapis roulant con intensità corrispondente alla Soglia Anaerobica (AT) con integrazione di CHO seguiti da 10 minuti contro cronometro e II) 30 minuti di corsa su tapis roulant con intensità corrispondente alla LAn , senza integrazione di CHO e uso di sostanza placebo seguita da 10 minuti contro il tempo. Abbiamo osservato che la velocità media nella cronometro e il VO2max nell'AT hanno mostrato differenze significative (aumento del 5,69% e soppressione del 4,18% rispettivamente), mentre la frequenza cardiaca non ha mostrato differenze statistiche tra le condizioni placebo e CHO. Concludiamo che c'è stato un miglioramento nei risultati presentati con l'integrazione di CHO, che potrebbe essere una strategia per migliorare le prestazioni nelle gare di breve durata e ad alta intensità.O objetivo do presente estudo foi identificar se a suplementação de carboidrato (CHO) pode melhorar o desempenho em atividades de alta intensidade e média duração. Participaram do estudo 6 corredores do gênero masculino, treinados e hí­gidos, com 30 ± 6,4 anos, 171,3 ± 2,8 metros, 74,1 ± 4,6 Kg; VO2máx de 49 ± 3,7 ml/kl/min, velocidade do Lan de 10,8 ± 0,5 Km/h e com experiência média de 3,1 ± 1,8 anos na modalidade. Após seleção dos sujeitos todos foram submetidos a testes de potência aeróbia e composição corporal. Cada sujeito foi submetido a duas situações experimentais, I) 30 minutos de corrida em esteira com intensidade correspondente ao Limiar anaeróbio (LAn) com suplementação de CHO seguidos de 10 minutos contra o relógio e II) 30 minutos de corrida em esteira com intensidade correspondente ao LAn, sem suplementação de CHO e utilização de substância placebo seguidos de 10 minutos contra o relógio. Observamos que a velocidade média no contrarrelógio e o VO2máx no LAn apresentaram diferenças significantes (aumento de 5,69% e supressão de 4,18% respectivamente), já a frequência cardí­aca não apresentou diferença estatí­stica entre as condições placebo e CHO. Concluí­mos que houve melhora nos resultados apresentados com a suplementação de CHO, podendo ser uma estratégia para melhorar o desempenho em corridas de curta duração e alta intensidade.O objetivo do presente estudo foi identificar se a suplementação de carboidrato (CHO) pode melhorar o desempenho em atividades de alta intensidade e média duração. Participaram do estudo 6 corredores do gênero masculino, treinados e hí­gidos, com 30 ± 6,4 anos, 171,3 ± 2,8 metros, 74,1 ± 4,6 Kg; VO2máx de 49 ± 3,7 ml/kl/min, velocidade do Lan de 10,8 ± 0,5 Km/h e com experiência média de 3,1 ± 1,8 anos na modalidade. Após seleção dos sujeitos todos foram submetidos a testes de potência aeróbia e composição corporal. Cada sujeito foi submetido a duas situações experimentais, I) 30 minutos de corrida em esteira com intensidade correspondente ao Limiar anaeróbio (LAn) com suplementação de CHO seguidos de 10 minutos contra o relógio e II) 30 minutos de corrida em esteira com intensidade correspondente ao LAn, sem suplementação de CHO e utilização de substância placebo seguidos de 10 minutos contra o relógio. Observamos que a velocidade média no contrarrelógio e o VO2máx no LAn apresentaram diferenças significantes (aumento de 5,69% e supressão de 4,18% respectivamente), já a frequência cardí­aca não apresentou diferença estatí­stica entre as condições placebo e CHO. Concluí­mos que houve melhora nos resultados apresentados com a suplementação de CHO, podendo ser uma estratégia para melhorar o desempenho em corridas de curta duração e alta intensidade

Scheduling of a hydro producer considering head-dependency, price scenarios and risk-aversion

In this paper, a mixed-integer quadratic programming approach is proposed for the short-term hydro scheduling problem, considering head-dependency, discontinuous operating regions and discharge ramping constraints. As new contributions to earlier studies, market uncertainty is introduced in the model via price scenarios, and risk aversion is also incorporated by limiting the volatility of the expected profit through the conditional value-at-risk. Our approach has been applied successfully to solve a case Study based on one of the main Portuguese cascaded hydro systems, requiring a negligible computational time

Global disparities in surgeons’ workloads, academic engagement and rest periods: the on-calL shIft fOr geNEral SurgeonS (LIONESS) study

: The workload of general surgeons is multifaceted, encompassing not only surgical procedures but also a myriad of other responsibilities. From April to May 2023, we conducted a CHERRIES-compliant internet-based survey analyzing clinical practice, academic engagement, and post-on-call rest. The questionnaire featured six sections with 35 questions. Statistical analysis used Chi-square tests, ANOVA, and logistic regression (SPSS® v. 28). The survey received a total of 1.046 responses (65.4%). Over 78.0% of responders came from Europe, 65.1% came from a general surgery unit; 92.8% of European and 87.5% of North American respondents were involved in research, compared to 71.7% in Africa. Europe led in publishing research studies (6.6 ± 8.6 yearly). Teaching involvement was high in North America (100%) and Africa (91.7%). Surgeons reported an average of 6.7 ± 4.9 on-call shifts per month, with European and North American surgeons experiencing 6.5 ± 4.9 and 7.8 ± 4.1 on-calls monthly, respectively. African surgeons had the highest on-call frequency (8.7 ± 6.1). Post-on-call, only 35.1% of respondents received a day off. Europeans were most likely (40%) to have a day off, while African surgeons were least likely (6.7%). On the adjusted multivariable analysis HDI (Human Development Index) (aOR 1.993) hospital capacity > 400 beds (aOR 2.423), working in a specialty surgery unit (aOR 2.087), and making the on-call in-house (aOR 5.446), significantly predicted the likelihood of having a day off after an on-call shift. Our study revealed critical insights into the disparities in workload, access to research, and professional opportunities for surgeons across different continents, underscored by the HDI

Measurement of the Splitting Function in &ITpp &ITand Pb-Pb Collisions at root&ITsNN&IT=5.02 TeV

Data from heavy ion collisions suggest that the evolution of a parton shower is modified by interactions with the color charges in the dense partonic medium created in these collisions, but it is not known where in the shower evolution the modifications occur. The momentum ratio of the two leading partons, resolved as subjets, provides information about the parton shower evolution. This substructure observable, known as the splitting function, reflects the process of a parton splitting into two other partons and has been measured for jets with transverse momentum between 140 and 500 GeV, in pp and PbPb collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 5.02 TeV per nucleon pair. In central PbPb collisions, the splitting function indicates a more unbalanced momentum ratio, compared to peripheral PbPb and pp collisions.. The measurements are compared to various predictions from event generators and analytical calculations.Peer reviewe

Bose-Einstein correlations of charged hadrons in proton-proton collisions at s\sqrt s = 13 TeV

Bose-Einstein correlations of charged hadrons are measured over a broad multiplicity range, from a few particles up to about 250 reconstructed charged hadrons in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV. The results are based on data collected using the CMS detector at the LHC during runs with a special low-pileup configuration. Three analysis techniques with different degrees of dependence on simulations are used to remove the non-Bose-Einstein background from the correlation functions. All three methods give consistent results. The measured lengths of homogeneity are studied as functions of particle multiplicity as well as average pair transverse momentum and mass. The results are compared with data from both CMS and ATLAS at $\sqrt{s}$ = 7 TeV, as well as with theoretical predictions.[graphic not available: see fulltext]Bose-Einstein correlations of charged hadrons are measured over a broad multiplicity range, from a few particles up to about 250 reconstructed charged hadrons in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s} =$ 13 TeV. The results are based on data collected using the CMS detector at the LHC during runs with a special low-pileup configuration. Three analysis techniques with different degrees of dependence on simulations are used to remove the non-Bose-Einstein background from the correlation functions. All three methods give consistent results. The measured lengths of homogeneity are studied as functions of particle multiplicity as well as average pair transverse momentum and mass. The results are compared with data from both CMS and ATLAS at $\sqrt{s} =$ 7 TeV, as well as with theoretical predictions

Search for dark matter in events with a leptoquark and missing transverse momentum in proton-proton collisions at 13 TeV

A search is presented for dark matter in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of root s= 13 TeV using events with at least one high transverse momentum (p(T)) muon, at least one high-p(T) jet, and large missing transverse momentum. The data were collected with the CMS detector at the CERN LHC in 2016 and 2017, and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 77.4 fb(-1). In the examined scenario, a pair of scalar leptoquarks is assumed to be produced. One leptoquark decays to a muon and a jet while the other decays to dark matter and low-p(T) standard model particles. The signature for signal events would be significant missing transverse momentum from the dark matter in conjunction with a peak at the leptoquark mass in the invariant mass distribution of the highest p(T) muon and jet. The data are observed to be consistent with the background predicted by the standard model. For the first benchmark scenario considered, dark matter masses up to 500 GeV are excluded for leptoquark masses m(LQ) approximate to 1400 GeV, and up to 300 GeV for m(LQ) approximate to 1500 GeV. For the second benchmark scenario, dark matter masses up to 600 GeV are excluded for m(LQ) approximate to 1400 GeV. (C) 2019 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V.Peer reviewe

Measurement of the top quark forward-backward production asymmetry and the anomalous chromoelectric and chromomagnetic moments in pp collisions at √s = 13 TeV

Abstract The parton-level top quark (t) forward-backward asymmetry and the anomalous chromoelectric (d̂ t) and chromomagnetic (μ̂ t) moments have been measured using LHC pp collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, collected in the CMS detector in a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb−1. The linearized variable AFB(1) is used to approximate the asymmetry. Candidate t t ¯ events decaying to a muon or electron and jets in final states with low and high Lorentz boosts are selected and reconstructed using a fit of the kinematic distributions of the decay products to those expected for t t ¯ final states. The values found for the parameters are AFB(1)=0.048−0.087+0.095(stat)−0.029+0.020(syst),μ̂t=−0.024−0.009+0.013(stat)−0.011+0.016(syst), and a limit is placed on the magnitude of | d̂ t| < 0.03 at 95% confidence level. [Figure not available: see fulltext.

Measurement of t(t)over-bar normalised multi-differential cross sections in pp collisions at root s=13 TeV, and simultaneous determination of the strong coupling strength, top quark pole mass, and parton distribution functions

Peer reviewe

Search for an L-mu - L-tau gauge boson using Z -> 4 mu events in proton-proton collisions at root s=13 TeV

A search for a narrow Z' gauge boson with a mass between 5 and 70 GeV resulting from an L-mu - L-tau U (1) local gauge symmetry is reported. Theories that predict such a particle have been proposed as an explanation of various experimental discrepancies, including the lack of a dark matter signal in direct-detection experiments, tension in the measurement of the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon, and reports of possible lepton flavor universality violation in B meson decays. A data sample of proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV is used, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 77.3 fb(-1) recorded in 2016 and 2017 by the CMS detector at the LHC. Events containing four muons with an invariant mass near the standard model Z boson mass are analyzed, and the selection is further optimized to be sensitive to the events that may contain Z -> Z'mu mu -> 4 mu decays. The event yields are consistent with the standard model predictions. Upper limits of 10(-8)-10(-7) at 95% confidence level are set on the product of branching fractions B(Z -> Z'mu mu)B(Z' -> mu mu), depending on the Z' mass, which excludes a Z' boson coupling strength to muons above 0.004-0.3. These are the first dedicated limits on L-mu - L-tau models at the LHC and result in a significant increase in the excluded model parameter space. The results of this search may also be used to constrain the coupling strength of any light Z' gauge boson to muons. (C) 2019 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V.Peer reviewe