Variation in Size and Growth of the Great Scallop Pecten maximus along a Latitudinal Gradient

Understanding the relationship between growth and temperature will aid in the evaluation of thermal stress and threats to ectotherms in the context of anticipated climate changes. Most Pecten maximus scallops living at high latitudes in the northern hemisphere have a larger maximum body size than individuals further south, a common pattern among many ectotherms. We investigated differences in daily shell growth among scallop populations along the Northeast Atlantic coast from Spain to Norway. This study design allowed us to address precisely whether the asymptotic size observed along a latitudinal gradient, mainly defined by a temperature gradient, results from differences in annual or daily growth rates, or a difference in the length of the growing season. We found that low annual growth rates in northern populations are not due to low daily growth values, but to the smaller number of days available each year to achieve growth compared to the south. We documented a decrease in the annual number of growth days with age regardless of latitude. However, despite initially lower annual growth performances in terms of growing season length and growth rate, differences in asymptotic size as a function of latitude resulted from persistent annual growth performances in the north and sharp declines in the south. Our measurements of daily growth rates throughout life in a long-lived ectothermic species provide new insight into spatio-temporal variations in growth dynamics and growing season length that cannot be accounted for by classical growth models that only address asymptotic size and annual growth rate

Forty years of carabid beetle research in Europe - from taxonomy, biology, ecology and population studies to bioindication, habitat assessment and conservation

Volume: 100Start Page: 55End Page: 14

Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for Severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome associated with COVID-19: An Emulated Target Trial Analysis.

RATIONALE: Whether COVID patients may benefit from extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) compared with conventional invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) remains unknown. OBJECTIVES: To estimate the effect of ECMO on 90-Day mortality vs IMV only Methods: Among 4,244 critically ill adult patients with COVID-19 included in a multicenter cohort study, we emulated a target trial comparing the treatment strategies of initiating ECMO vs. no ECMO within 7 days of IMV in patients with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (PaO2/FiO2 <80 or PaCO2 ≥60 mmHg). We controlled for confounding using a multivariable Cox model based on predefined variables. MAIN RESULTS: 1,235 patients met the full eligibility criteria for the emulated trial, among whom 164 patients initiated ECMO. The ECMO strategy had a higher survival probability at Day-7 from the onset of eligibility criteria (87% vs 83%, risk difference: 4%, 95% CI 0;9%) which decreased during follow-up (survival at Day-90: 63% vs 65%, risk difference: -2%, 95% CI -10;5%). However, ECMO was associated with higher survival when performed in high-volume ECMO centers or in regions where a specific ECMO network organization was set up to handle high demand, and when initiated within the first 4 days of MV and in profoundly hypoxemic patients. CONCLUSIONS: In an emulated trial based on a nationwide COVID-19 cohort, we found differential survival over time of an ECMO compared with a no-ECMO strategy. However, ECMO was consistently associated with better outcomes when performed in high-volume centers and in regions with ECMO capacities specifically organized to handle high demand. This article is open access and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives License 4.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

L'interception orthodontique en omnipratique (ses limites)

BORDEAUX2-BU Sci.Homme/Odontol. (330632102) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF

Approche des fonctions des CRMPs dans le système nerveux central

Les cinq protéines CRMPs sont majoritairement exprimées dans le cerveau en développement et leur rôles sont mal connus. Notre objectif a été d'approcher les rôles de CRMP1, 2 et 5. Premièrement, nous avons caractérisé leurs distributions spatio-temporelles. Ces protéines sont fortement exprimées dans les neurones post-mitotiques et dans des faisceaux de fibres dans le cerveau en développement. Chez l'adulte, elles restent présentes dans les zones plastiques et dans une sous-population d'oligodendrocytes. Leur distribution spatio-temporelles différemment régulées suggèrent des fonctions distinctes pour ces protéines. Nous avons ensuite étudié la fonction de CRMP1 dans le cervelet en développement, en utilisant des souris invalidées pour CRMP1. La déficience en CRMP1 altère la prolfération et l'apoptose des granulaires. CRMP1 module également leur adhésivité, ce qui pourrait règuler l'initiation de leur migration. Ainsi, les CRMPs régulent plusieurs aspects du développement neuronal.LYON1-BU.Sciences (692662101) / SudocSudocFranceF

Determination of mechanical properties of cortical bone using AFM under dry and immersed conditions

International audienc

Transient Alterations In Granule Cell Proliferation, Apoptosis And Migration In Postnatal Developing Cerebellum Of Crmp1\u3csup\u3e-/-\u3c/sup\u3e Mice

Collapsin response mediator proteins (CRMPs) consist of five homologous cytosolic proteins that participate in signal transduction involved in a variety of physiological events. CRMP1 is highly expressed during brain development; however, its functions remains unclear. To gain insight into its function, we generated CRMP1-/- mice with a knock-in LacZ gene. No gross anatomical changes or behavioral alterations were observed. Expression of CRMP1 was examined by the expression of the knocked-in LacZ gene, in situ hybridization with riboprobes and by imunohistochemistry. CRMP1 was found to be highly expressed in the developing the cerebellum, olfactory bulbs, hypothalamus and retina. In adults, expression level was high in the olfactory bulbs and hippocampus but very low in the retina and cerebellum and undetectable in hypothalamus. To study potential roles of CRMP1, we focused on cerebellum development. CRMP1-/- mice showed a decrease in the number of granule cells migrating out of explants of developing cerebellum, as did treatment of the explants from normal mice with anti-CRMP1 specific antibodies. CRMP1-/- mice showed a decrease in granule cell proliferation and apoptosis in external granule cell layers in vivo. Adult cerebellum of CRMP1-/- did not show any abnormalities. © 2006 The AuthorsJournal compilation © 2006 by the Molecular Biology Society of Japan/Blackwell Publishing Ltd

Ligand Nano-cluster Arrays in a Supported Lipid Bilayer

International audienceCurrently there is considerable interest in creating ordered arrays of adhesive protein islands in a sea of passivated surface for cell biological studies. In the past years, it has become increasingly clear that living cells respond, not only to the biochemical nature of the molecules presented to them but also to the way these molecules are presented. Creating protein micro-patterns is therefore now standard in many biology laboratories; nano-patterns are also more accessible. However, in the context of cell-cell interactions, there is a need to pattern not only proteins but also lipid bilayers. Such dual proteo-lipidic patterning has so far not been easily accessible. We offer a facile technique to create protein nano-dots supported on glass and propose a method to backfill the inter-dot space with a supported lipid bilayer (SLB). From photo-bleaching of tracer fluorescent lipids included in the SLB, we demonstrate that the bilayer exhibits considerable in-plane fluidity. Functionalizing the protein dots with fluorescent groups allows us to image them and to show that they are ordered in a regular hexagonal lattice. The typical dot size is about 800 nm and the spacing demonstrated here is 2 microns. These substrates are expected to serve as useful platforms for cell adhesion, migration and mechano-sensing studies

Bonnes pratiques en valorisation de micro-organismes. Que faire quand je veux inclure des micro-organismes d’intérêt dans mon projet de recherche ou de valorisation ?

International audienceDans le cadre de la valorisation des ressources microbiennes, le département MICA a souvent été confronté à la gestion de la propriété intellectuelle associée à ces ressources et aux questions réglementaires liées à l’Accès et au Partage des Avantages découlant de leur utilisation (Protocole de Nagoya/APA). Pour répondre à ces problématiques, le département MICA a constitué un groupe de travail coordonné par Angèle Charrier, Chargée de Partenariat et d’Innovation du département et impliquant des membres du réseau CIRM et d’INRAE transfert. L’objectif de ce groupe de travail était de concevoir un outil destiné aux chercheurs utilisateurs de micro-organismes. Il a abouti à la création du mémo « Bonnes pratiques en valorisation demicro-organismes ». La rédaction de ce mémo s’est appuyée sur les particularités des micro-organismes en général. Les questions relatives à l’origine des ressources (respect du protocole de Nagoya et de l’APA), leur historique d’acquisition et de diffusion (INRAE est-il le détenteur légitime de ces ressources ? La diffusion de ces ressources est-elle maîtrisée ?) et les conditions d’utilisation et de valorisation (qu’ai-je le droit de faire avec ces ressources et sont-elles valorisables ?) restent valables pour tous types de ressources biologiques. Dans ce contexte, une démarche semblable pourrait être envisagée pour des ressources biologiques, autres que microbiennes, soumises aux mêmes contraintes de propriété intellectuelle et réglementaires mais portant d’autres spécificités. Ce mémo, qui a pris la forme de la plaquette présentée ici, a pour ambition d’aider les chercheurs à respecter la propriété intellectuelle et la réglementation en vigueur, dans le cadre d’un projet de recherche ou de valorisatio