Rówaihu’úté – Qualificação de técnicos de enfermagem atuantes em território indígena

O objetivo deste estudo é relatar a experiência resultante do projeto de extensão Rówaihu’úTé, com técnicos de enfermagem que atuam na atenção à saúde indígena no estado de Mato Grosso. O projeto de extensão Rówaihu’úTé foi desenvolvido na Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Campus Universitário do Araguaia, entre março e dezembro de 2018, com participação de 80 técnicos de enfermagem indígenas e não-indígenas, divididos em 4 grupos. Cada grupo participou de 40 horas-aula de formação, abordando os temas: saúde da mulher, saúde da criança, primeiros socorros, suporte básico de vida, Leishmaniose, princípios da Assistência de Enfermagem, ética, bioética e biossegurança. Os temas do curso foram abordados numa perspectiva metodológica participativa, problematizadora e reflexiva, reconhecendo as iniciativas, experiências profissionais e de vida dos participantes. Esta experiência de educação permanente, além de capacitar os técnicos de enfermagem que prestam assistência à saúde Xavante, também capacitou indiretamente os educadores, ao qualificar suas práticas formativas no contexto intercultural, aprimorar habilidades que favoreçam a comunicação e permitam conhecer a realidade dos povos indígenas e, ainda, o desenvolvimento de estratégias de ensino e de atenção à saúde culturalmente referenciadas. Palavras-chave: Educação em enfermagem; Povos indígenas; Saúde de Populações Indígenas Rówaihu’úté - Qualification of nursing technicians working in indigenous territory Abstract: The objective of this study is to report the experience resulting from the Rówaihu’úTé extension project with nursing technicians who work in indigenous health care in the state of Mato Grosso. The project Rówaihu'úTé, developed at the Federal University of Mato Grosso, University Campus of Araguaia, between March and December 2018, with the participation of 80 indigenous and non-indigenous nursing technicians, divided into four groups. Each group participated in 40 hours of training classes, addressing the themes: women's health, children's health, first aid, basic life support, Leishmaniasis, Nursing Care principles, ethics, bioethics, and biosafety. The course themes were addressed from a participatory, problematizing, and reflective methodological perspective, recognizing the initiatives and professional and life experiences of the participants. This permanent education experience, in addition to training the nursing technicians who provide Xavante health care, also indirectly trained the educators by qualifying their training practices in the intercultural context and improving skills that favor communication and allow them to know the reality of indigenous peoples and, yet, the development of culturally referenced teaching and health care strategies. Keywords: Nursing education; Indigenous people; Health of Indigenous Population

Altrenogest during early pregnancy modulates uterine glandular epithelium and endometrial growth factor expression at the time implantation in pigs

This study evaluated the effects of supplying altrenogest from day 6-12 of pregnancy on the endometrial glandular epithelium, corpora lutea (CL) morphology, and endometrial and CL gene expression. A total of 12 crossbred females (Landrace × Large White) were used. The females were assigned to 4 treatments according to a random design with a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement, with two categories (sow or gilt) and two treatments (non-treated and treated with altrenogest). On day 6 of pregnancy, animals were allocated to one of the following groups: non-treated (NT, n = 6; 3 sows and 3 gilts), and (T, n = 6; 3 sows and 3 gilts) treated daily with 20 mg of altrenogest, from day 6-12 of pregnancy. All animals were euthanized on day 13 of pregnancy. All CLs were individually weighed, and their volume were determined. The endometrial glandular density (GD), mean glandular area (MGA), and vascular density (VD) were determined by histomorphometric and immunohistochemical analyses. Endometrium samples were collected and analyzed by qRT-PCR to evaluate the abundance of transcripts for VEGF and IGF-I. Females in the T group had higher MGA (P < 0.05) compared to the NT group. There was no effect of treatment on GD or VD for both experimental groups. Sows in the T group had augmented expression of IGF-I (P < 0.05). Progestagen had no detrimental effect on CL morphology. In conclusion, altrenogest improves the uterine environment during the peri-implantation period in pigs without compromising corpora lutea development

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Search for dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks in √s = 13 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector

A search for weakly interacting massive particle dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks is presented. Final states containing third-generation quarks and miss- ing transverse momentum are considered. The analysis uses 36.1 fb−1 of proton–proton collision data recorded by the ATLAS experiment at √s = 13 TeV in 2015 and 2016. No significant excess of events above the estimated backgrounds is observed. The results are in- terpreted in the framework of simplified models of spin-0 dark-matter mediators. For colour- neutral spin-0 mediators produced in association with top quarks and decaying into a pair of dark-matter particles, mediator masses below 50 GeV are excluded assuming a dark-matter candidate mass of 1 GeV and unitary couplings. For scalar and pseudoscalar mediators produced in association with bottom quarks, the search sets limits on the production cross- section of 300 times the predicted rate for mediators with masses between 10 and 50 GeV and assuming a dark-matter mass of 1 GeV and unitary coupling. Constraints on colour- charged scalar simplified models are also presented. Assuming a dark-matter particle mass of 35 GeV, mediator particles with mass below 1.1 TeV are excluded for couplings yielding a dark-matter relic density consistent with measurements

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Obtenção e caracterização de populações de células-tronco CD200 e CD34 positivas da pele na espécie canina

A pele é um órgão extenso e de fácil acesso, e possui vários tipos celulares diferentes que estão em constante renovação. Dentre estas células, alguns tipos de células-tronco com potencial proliferativo, de autorrenovação e de diferenciação, são responsáveis pela manutenção da homeostase deste órgão e pela cura de feridas. Estudos anteriores sugerem a existência de um nicho de células-tronco presente no “bulge” dos folículos pilosos, que contém populações positivas para CD200 e CD34. Este trabalho foi realizado com o intuito de: 1- Obter tecidos derivados da pele de cães adultos e fetos, isolar e cultivar as células in vitro derivadas destes, empregando um método de isolamento celular através de digestão enzimática simples 2- Comprovar a presença de células do “bulge”, positivas para CD200 e CD34 após cultivo celular in vitro, comparando com a análise do tecido; Uma coloração por hematoxilina e eosina foi realizada da pele de cães adultos e fetos, e biopsias e células cultivadas in vitro foram caracterizadas pela presença das proteínas CD200 e CD34 através de imunofluorescência, imunocitoquímica e citometria de fluxo. Os resultados da imunofluorescência foram negativos para ambos CD200 e CD34 nas peles de feto e adulto. Na imunocitoquímica, as células foram positivas para CD34 e CD200, tanto em fetos quanto adultos. Adicionalmente, o marcador de pluripotência OCT4 foi testado, sendo expresso em células de feto. Por citometria de fluxo, a porcentagem média de células marcadas duplamente por CD200 e CD34 nos adultos foi de 3,1% e nos fetos de 0,33% (n=3). A marcação somente por CD200 foi encontrada somente nos adultos, sendo de 2,8% (n=3). Os resultados sugerem ser possível a obtenção de células-tronco do “bulge” do folículo piloso através do método de digestão enzimática simples, utilizado neste trabalho. Este estudo é o primeiro passo para novas pesquisas que envolvam esse nicho, na pele de cães.Skin is an extensive and easily accessible organ, possessing various cell types which are in constant renovation. Some stem cell types found in the skin have the potential of self-renewal, proliferation and differentiation, processes which are responsible for the organ’s maintenance of homeostasis and the healing of wounds. Previous studies suggested the presence of a stem cell niche at the bulge region of the hair follicle, which contains cell populations positive for CD200 and CD34. Thus, this work sought to identify these cell populations in canine cultures using the following methods: 1. 1- Collecting samples of adult and fetus canine skin, isolating and culturing these cells in vitro using a method of simple enzymatic digestion; 2- Testing the cell cultures for CD200 and CD34 in vitro, comparing them with analyzed tissue material. Hematoxylin and eosin staining were conducted for the biopsies and analysis of fetal and adult canine skin, with the extracted cell cultures being characterized for the presence of the proteins CD200 and CD34 through immunofluorescence, immunocytochemistry and flow cytometry. In both adult and fetal tissue samples, CD200 and CD34 immunofluorescence results were negative. In immunocytochemistry, both fetal and adult cultures cells tested positive for CD34 and CD200. The pluripotency marker OCT4 was also tested, and was positive for fetal culture cells. Flow cytometer results showed that, for samples with a double staining of CD200 and CD34 the average percentage of marked cells was 3.1% in adults and 0.33% in fetal cells (n=3). For the CD200 marker alone, positive cells were found only in adult cultures, representing 2.8% of the total population (n=3). In conclusion, the results suggest that obtaining bulge stem cells from both fetuses and adults, with use of CD200 and CD34 markers, is validated through the simple enzymatic digestion and cell culture methods utilized in this study. The present work is the first step towards developing new research involving this niche in dogs.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES

Cattle In Vitro Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Generated and Maintained in 5 or 20% Oxygen and Different Supplementation

The event of cellular reprogramming into pluripotency is influenced by several factors, such as in vitro culture conditions (e.g., culture medium and oxygen concentration). Herein, bovine iPSCs (biPSCs) were generated in different levels of oxygen tension (5% or 20% of oxygen) and supplementation (bFGF or bFGF + LIF + 2i—bFL2i) to evaluate the efficiency of pluripotency induction and maintenance in vitro. Initial reprogramming was observed in all groups and bFL2i supplementation initially resulted in a superior number of colonies. However, bFL2i supplementation in low oxygen led to a loss of self-renewal and pluripotency maintenance. All clonal lines were positive for alkaline phosphatase; they expressed endogenous pluripotency-related genes SOX2, OCT4 and STELLA. However, expression was decreased throughout the passages without the influence of oxygen tension. GLUT1 and GLUT3 were upregulated by low oxygen. The biPSCs were immunofluorescence-positive stained for OCT4 and SOX2 and they formed embryoid bodies which differentiated in ectoderm and mesoderm (all groups), as well as endoderm (one line from bFL2i in high oxygen). Our study is the first to compare high and low oxygen environments during and after induced reprogramming in cattle. In our conditions, a low oxygen environment did not favor the pluripotency maintenance of biPSCs