Aspectos biomecânicos entre usuários da cadeira de rodas handcycle e convencional

The objective of this work was to verify the aspects related to the biomechanical efficiency, accessibility and the most frequent lesions between users of Handcycle and the Conventional Wheelchair. A sample of eight users intensionality chosen, being utilized as instrument of research a questionary. The physical characteristics of the individuals, the biomechanical efficiency of Handcycle, the vantages and disadvantages of this kind of wheelchair, the characteristics of the wheelchair, the problems found in the streets and the most common lesions were investigated. It was identified that the average time of use of Handcycle is of almost six hours for daily dislocations. The comparison between Handcycle and Conventional Wheelchair, for the aspects of biomechanical efficiency, stability and facility to transpose obstacles in the streets and sidewalks, utilizing a scale of one to five, as demonstrated a great vantage for Handcycle, because that in every rate the average was greater than four, in relation to Conventional Wheelchair that was always below three. Another important data was in relation to the non-occurrence of lesions with the use of Handcycle in none one of the users researched. Knowing the related aspects to the ergonomics of the handcycle wheelchairs, may contribute to the development of new implements. Besides that, the development of physical aptitude proportionate a better quality of life for the users of Handcycle, that in function of its benefices can also utilize the chair as a work instrument.O objetivo desta pesquisa foi verificar os aspectos relacionados à eficiência biomecânica, acessibilidade e às lesões mais freqüentes entre usuários da Handcycle e da Cadeira de Rodas Convencional. Foi utilizada uma amostra de oito usuários escolhidos intencionalmente, sendo utilizado como instrumento de pesquisa um questionário contendo perguntas abertas e fechadas. Foram investigadas as características físicas dos indivíduos, eficiência biomecânica da Handcycle, vantagens e desvantagens desse tipo de cadeira, características da cadeira de rodas, problemas encontrados nas ruas e lesões mais comuns. Uma estatística descritiva foi utilizada, com média, desvio padrão e coeficiente de variação, para a caracterização da amostra investigada. Foi identificado um tempo médio de uso da Handcycle de seis horas para deslocamentos diários. A comparação entre Handcycle e Cadeira de Rodas Convencional, para os aspectos de eficiência biomecânica, estabilidade e facilidade de transpor obstáculos nas ruas e calçadas, utilizando uma escala verbal de cinco pontos, demonstrou uma grande vantagem para a Handcycle, já que em todos os índices a média foi superior a quatro, em relação à Cadeira de Rodas Convencional, que esteve sempre abaixo de três. Outro dado importante refere-se à não ocorrência de lesões com o uso da Handcycle em nenhum usuário pesquisado. Portanto conhecer aspectos relacionados à ergonomia das Handcycle pode contribuir para o desenvolvimento de novos implementos. O desenvolvimento da aptidão física proporciona uma melhora na qualidade de vida dos usuários de Handcycle, que em função dos benefícios da mesma podem também podem utilizá-la como instrumento de trabalh

Production of He-4 and (4) in Pb-Pb collisions at root(NN)-N-S=2.76 TeV at the LHC

Results on the production of He-4 and (4) nuclei in Pb-Pb collisions at root(NN)-N-S = 2.76 TeV in the rapidity range vertical bar y vertical bar <1, using the ALICE detector, are presented in this paper. The rapidity densities corresponding to 0-10% central events are found to be dN/dy4(He) = (0.8 +/- 0.4 (stat) +/- 0.3 (syst)) x 10(-6) and dN/dy4 = (1.1 +/- 0.4 (stat) +/- 0.2 (syst)) x 10(-6), respectively. This is in agreement with the statistical thermal model expectation assuming the same chemical freeze-out temperature (T-chem = 156 MeV) as for light hadrons. The measured ratio of (4)/He-4 is 1.4 +/- 0.8 (stat) +/- 0.5 (syst). (C) 2018 Published by Elsevier B.V.Peer reviewe

Gestión del conocimiento. Perspectiva multidisciplinaria. Volumen 9

El libro “Gestión del Conocimiento. Perspectiva Multidisciplinaria”, volumen 9, de la Colección Unión Global, es resultado de investigaciones. Los capítulos del libro, son resultados de investigaciones desarrolladas por sus autores. El libro es una publicación internacional, seriada, continua, arbitrada de acceso abierto a todas las áreas del conocimiento, que cuenta con el esfuerzo de investigadores de varios países del mundo, orientada a contribuir con procesos de gestión del conocimiento científico, tecnológico y humanístico que consoliden la transformación del conocimiento en diferentes escenarios, tanto organizacionales como universitarios, para el desarrollo de habilidades cognitivas del quehacer diario. La gestión del conocimiento es un camino para consolidar una plataforma en las empresas públicas o privadas, entidades educativas, organizaciones no gubernamentales, ya sea generando políticas para todas las jerarquías o un modelo de gestión para la administración, donde es fundamental articular el conocimiento, los trabajadores, directivos, el espacio de trabajo, hacia la creación de ambientes propicios para el desarrollo integral de las instituciones

Tide-dominated deltas in active margin basins: Insights from the Guayas estuary, Gulf of Guayaquil, Ecuador

International audienc

Six-Month Outcomes for Collaborative Care Management of Depression Among Smoking and Nonsmoking Patients

Background: Collaborative care management (CCM) is an evidence-based model that contributes to better outcomes for depression treatment in the primary care setting. Tobacco use increases overall economic costs, morbidity, and mortality and has been shown to impact behavioral health outcomes. Our study aims to observe clinical outcomes for depression treatment for patients with comorbid tobacco use and depression within the CCM model. Methods: A retrospective chart review study of 2826 adult patients with depression enrolled in CCM was performed to determine the association between regular tobacco use and depression outcomes. Baseline intake data consisting of clinical and demographic variables along with 6-month follow-up of Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) scores for smokers (n = 727, 25.7%) and nonsmokers (n = 2099, 74.3%) were obtained. Depression remission was defined as a PHQ-9 score <5 and persistent depressive symptoms (PDS) as a PHQ-9 score ≥10 at 6 months. Results: Using an intention-to-treat analysis, the multivariate modeling demonstrated that smokers, at 6 months, had an increased adjusted odds ratio (AOR) for PDS: 1.624 (95% CI: 1.353-1.949). Furthermore, smokers had a lower AOR of depression remission: 0.603 (95% CI: 0.492-0.739). Patient adherence to treatment was also lower in smokers with an AOR of 0.666 (95% CI: 0.553-0.802). Conclusions: Smokers enrolled in CCM were associated with reduced treatment adherence and worse outcomes for depression treatment at 6 months compared to nonsmokers, even when baseline clinical and demographic variables were controlled. Thus, new tailored practices may be warranted within the CCM model to treat comorbid depression and tobacco use disorders

Accretion Cycles, Structural Evolution, and Thrust Activity in Accretionary Wedges With Various Décollement Configurations: Insights From Sandbox Analog Modeling

International audienceAbstract The architecture (geometry, fault network, and stacking pattern of accreted thrust sheets) of accretionary wedges influences subduction zone processes. However, it remains challenging to constrain the architectural evolution in natural accretionary wedges over geological timescales. In this study, we undertook sandbox analog modeling, with quantitative analysis of the wedge geometry and digital image correlation‐based kinematics, to delineate the wedge growth history with four décollement settings (single or double and continuous or discontinuous). The results show that the wedge is formed by repeated episodic frontal accretion with a constant cycle (i.e., the accretion cycle), and the degree of coupling between the base of the wedge and subducting plate interface appears to depend on the relative strengths of the wedge and detachment. An interbedded décollement layer in the incoming sediment facilitated wedge segmentation and rearrangement of the internal fault network, which weakened the wedge strength. A combination of a detachable high‐friction patch in the basal décollement and a continuous interbedded weak layer enabled underplating of underthrusted sediment beneath the inner wedge, which involved a low‐angle, long‐lived forethrust and multiple cycles of frontal accretion on short‐lived forethrusts at the deformation front. Our findings suggest that décollement configuration is a key factor in controlling the accretion cycle, strain distribution, fault network, and wedge strength on timescales of ∼10 5 yr in natural accretionary systems. This result should be considered when investigating modern subduction zones

Analog modeling of accretionary wedges with various décollement settings: Quantitative analysis of deformation process and strength evolution

International audienceDeformation process and strength evolution in accretionary wedges are important factors that affect kinematics and dynamics at subduction zones. However, it is still challenging to understand the relationship between the short-term geodetic observations (coupling ratios or earthquakes) and the long-term geological structures (patterns of imbricated thrust sheets or fault networks) in natural systems. In this study, we performed 2-D, large-shortening (1 m) analog sandbox experiments to examine how the wedge deformation is affected by different d&#233;collement conditions including heterogeneities and numbers of weak layers in the incoming sediment. Four different settings (Types 1&#8211;4) of the incoming sediment layers were examined in this study. Serial side-view digital photographs were quantitatively analyzed with an open-source DIC software to characterize the accretion cycles, underthrusting/underplating, and reactivation of pre-existing thrusts (out-of-sequence thrusts).The reference models with single d&#233;collement (Type1) were dominated by periodic cycles of frontal accretion with landward propagation of strain, uplift, and reactivation of the pre-existing thrusts, which progressively increased in strength and then approached the critical state. Each cycle was composed of preparation (Phase 0), initiation (Phase 1), accretion (Phase 2), and reactivation (Phase 3). Through frontal accretion, the wedge accumulated the strain internally with landward migration of the basal coupled area along the plate interface, which caused uplift and reactivation of the landward preexisting thrusts in the wedge (hardening). When a new frontal thrust emerged at the deformation front (Phase 1), the basal coupling was suddenly lost (softening). Through this cycle, the entire accretionary wedge progressively increased in strength while experiencing hardening and softening and approached the critical state. The double d&#233;collement models (Type 2) showed a similar accretion cycle to Type 1 models, but it consisted of a combination of shallow-rooted and deep-rooted frontal thrusts, meaning that the d&#233;collement stepped up and down between the interbedded and basal weak layers. This promoted sediment underthrusting at the frontal part of the wedge during the early phase of the accretion cycle and favored the connection of pre-existing deep-rooted thrusts with shallow-rooted thrusts. A frictional interruption in the basal d&#233;collement (Type 3 or 4 models) produced a combination of a steep-taper inner wedge and a gentle-taper outer wedge, and disturbed the wavelengths of the accretion cycle. The single d&#233;collement models (Type 3) were dominated by high-angle out-of-sequence thrusts, while underplating was significantly promoted in the double d&#233;collement model (Type 4) where the interbedded d&#233;collement acted as a low-angle, smooth-surface megathrust.These results shed light on the impact of properties and homogeneity of the incoming sediment and the plate interface on the spatial and temporal evolution of internal structure and thrust activity in accretionary wedges through multiple accretion cycles. Comparisons of our results with natural subduction zones will contribute to understanding the mechanisms and dynamics of deformation process and strength evolution in natural subduction zones

Analogue modelling of structural and kinematic couplings in fold-and-thrust belts controlled by lateral changes in interbedded décollement rheology

International audienc