Efeito de produto a base de azadiractinano controle de Sitophilus zeamais Mots.1855 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

O milho, ao ser armazenado, fica vulnerável a diferentes intempéries, dentre elas, o ataque de pragas como o Sitophilus zeamais, que causa grande perda de peso e qualidade dos grãos. O presente estudo teve como objetivo, avaliar o potencial de utilização do produto a base de azadiractina (Azamax®) no controle de S. zeamais. O produto foi aplicado em cinco diferentes doses (0,1; 0,2; 0,3; 0,4; 0,5%) mais a testemunha (água destilada), utilizando cinza como veículo. Os tratamentos foram aplicados em cinza, 1:1 (p:v) e deixado secar, sendo posteriormente aplicação em 100g de grãos. Adicionaram-se a esses grãos 10 adultos de S. zeamais. A avaliação de mortalidade foi realizada aos 10 dias após aplicação. Foi observado eficiência de controle de 60% na dose de 0,5%.Edição dos resumos do I Congresso Paranaense de Agroecologia ?Pinhais/PR?29 e 30/05/2014

Diode-pumped ultrafast Yb:KGW laser with 56 fs pulses and multi-100 kW peak power based on SESAM and Kerr-lens mode locking

A high-power sub-60 fs mode-locked diode-pumped Yb:KGW laser based on hybrid action of an InGaAs quantum-dot saturable absorber mirror and Kerr-lens mode locking was demonstrated. The laser delivered 56 fs pulses with 1.95 W of average power corresponding to 450 kW of peak power. The width of the generated laser spectrum was 20.5 nm, which was near the gain bandwidth limit of the Yb:KGW crystal. To the best of our knowledge, these are the shortest pulses generated from the monoclinic double tungstate crystals (and Yb:KGW laser crystal in particular) and the most powerful in the sub-60 fs regime. At the same time, they are also the shortest pulses produced to date with the help of a quantum-dot-based saturable absorber. High-power operation with a pulse duration of 90 fs and 2.85 W of average output power was also demonstrated

Identification and Validation of Novel Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers for Staging Early Alzheimer's Disease

Ideally, disease modifying therapies for Alzheimer disease (AD) will be applied during the 'preclinical' stage (pathology present with cognition intact) before severe neuronal damage occurs, or upon recognizing very mild cognitive impairment. Developing and judiciously administering such therapies will require biomarker panels to identify early AD pathology, classify disease stage, monitor pathological progression, and predict cognitive decline. To discover such biomarkers, we measured AD-associated changes in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) proteome.CSF samples from individuals with mild AD (Clinical Dementia Rating [CDR] 1) (n = 24) and cognitively normal controls (CDR 0) (n = 24) were subjected to two-dimensional difference-in-gel electrophoresis. Within 119 differentially-abundant gel features, mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) identified 47 proteins. For validation, eleven proteins were re-evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). Six of these assays (NrCAM, YKL-40, chromogranin A, carnosinase I, transthyretin, cystatin C) distinguished CDR 1 and CDR 0 groups and were subsequently applied (with tau, p-tau181 and Aβ42 ELISAs) to a larger independent cohort (n = 292) that included individuals with very mild dementia (CDR 0.5). Receiver-operating characteristic curve analyses using stepwise logistic regression yielded optimal biomarker combinations to distinguish CDR 0 from CDR>0 (tau, YKL-40, NrCAM) and CDR 1 from CDR<1 (tau, chromogranin A, carnosinase I) with areas under the curve of 0.90 (0.85-0.94 95% confidence interval [CI]) and 0.88 (0.81-0.94 CI), respectively.Four novel CSF biomarkers for AD (NrCAM, YKL-40, chromogranin A, carnosinase I) can improve the diagnostic accuracy of Aβ42 and tau. Together, these six markers describe six clinicopathological stages from cognitive normalcy to mild dementia, including stages defined by increased risk of cognitive decline. Such a panel might improve clinical trial efficiency by guiding subject enrollment and monitoring disease progression. Further studies will be required to validate this panel and evaluate its potential for distinguishing AD from other dementing conditions

Multi-messenger observations of a binary neutron star merger

On 2017 August 17 a binary neutron star coalescence candidate (later designated GW170817) with merger time 12:41:04 UTC was observed through gravitational waves by the Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo detectors. The Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor independently detected a gamma-ray burst (GRB 170817A) with a time delay of ~1.7 s with respect to the merger time. From the gravitational-wave signal, the source was initially localized to a sky region of 31 deg2 at a luminosity distance of 40+8-8 Mpc and with component masses consistent with neutron stars. The component masses were later measured to be in the range 0.86 to 2.26 Mo. An extensive observing campaign was launched across the electromagnetic spectrum leading to the discovery of a bright optical transient (SSS17a, now with the IAU identification of AT 2017gfo) in NGC 4993 (at ~40 Mpc) less than 11 hours after the merger by the One- Meter, Two Hemisphere (1M2H) team using the 1 m Swope Telescope. The optical transient was independently detected by multiple teams within an hour. Subsequent observations targeted the object and its environment. Early ultraviolet observations revealed a blue transient that faded within 48 hours. Optical and infrared observations showed a redward evolution over ~10 days. Following early non-detections, X-ray and radio emission were discovered at the transient’s position ~9 and ~16 days, respectively, after the merger. Both the X-ray and radio emission likely arise from a physical process that is distinct from the one that generates the UV/optical/near-infrared emission. No ultra-high-energy gamma-rays and no neutrino candidates consistent with the source were found in follow-up searches. These observations support the hypothesis that GW170817 was produced by the merger of two neutron stars in NGC4993 followed by a short gamma-ray burst (GRB 170817A) and a kilonova/macronova powered by the radioactive decay of r-process nuclei synthesized in the ejecta

Multi-messenger Observations of a Binary Neutron Star Merger

On 2017 August 17 a binary neutron star coalescence candidate (later designated GW170817) with merger time 12:41:04 UTC was observed through gravitational waves by the Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo detectors. The Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor independently detected a gamma-ray burst (GRB 170817A) with a time delay of ∼ 1.7 {{s}} with respect to the merger time. From the gravitational-wave signal, the source was initially localized to a sky region of 31 deg2 at a luminosity distance of {40}-8+8 Mpc and with component masses consistent with neutron stars. The component masses were later measured to be in the range 0.86 to 2.26 {M}ȯ . An extensive observing campaign was launched across the electromagnetic spectrum leading to the discovery of a bright optical transient (SSS17a, now with the IAU identification of AT 2017gfo) in NGC 4993 (at ∼ 40 {{Mpc}}) less than 11 hours after the merger by the One-Meter, Two Hemisphere (1M2H) team using the 1 m Swope Telescope. The optical transient was independently detected by multiple teams within an hour. Subsequent observations targeted the object and its environment. Early ultraviolet observations revealed a blue transient that faded within 48 hours. Optical and infrared observations showed a redward evolution over ∼10 days. Following early non-detections, X-ray and radio emission were discovered at the transient’s position ∼ 9 and ∼ 16 days, respectively, after the merger. Both the X-ray and radio emission likely arise from a physical process that is distinct from the one that generates the UV/optical/near-infrared emission. No ultra-high-energy gamma-rays and no neutrino candidates consistent with the source were found in follow-up searches. These observations support the hypothesis that GW170817 was produced by the merger of two neutron stars in NGC 4993 followed by a short gamma-ray burst (GRB 170817A) and a kilonova/macronova powered by the radioactive decay of r-process nuclei synthesized in the ejecta.</p

Parâmetros biológicos da mosca branca Bemisia tuberculata (Bondar, 1923) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) em mandioca (Manihot esculenta).

A mosca branca é um dos grandes problemas para a produção de mandioca na região Centro-Sul do Brasil por apresentar alto potencial de dano a essa cultura. Apesar de sua importância, poucas são as informações sobre seu controle, e para que haja o estabelecimento de um manejo integrado desta praga, o conhecimento da biologia é fundamental. Neste contexto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar a biologia de Bemisia tuberculata em mandioca. A biologia da B. tuberculata foi realizada em folhas de mandioca, variedade Baianinha, cultivada em vasos e mantidas em sala semi-climatizada (T:25±2°C; fotofase:14horas). Os parâmetros avaliados foram: duração e viabilidade de cada instar, do período ninfal e do período ovo-adulto, longevidade de fêmeas e machos, fecundidade e razão sexual. A duração média do período de ovo e período ninfal foi de 10,0 e 23,3 dias, respectivamente, assim sendo, a duração média de ovo-adulto foi de 33,3 dias com viabilidade de 71,81%. A longevidade média dos machos foi de 2,9 dias e das fêmeas 22,3 dias, com fecundidade de 101,0 ovos

Amostragem de folhas do ponteiro para monitoramento de mosca-branca Bemisia tuberculata (Bondar) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) na cultura da mandioca (Manihot esculenta Crantz).

Dentro do complexo de insetos praga que atacam a cultura da mandioca (Manihot esculenta Crantz) atualmente no Brasil, relata-se o crescimento da importância das espécies de mosca-branca (Bemisia tuberculata Bondar). As moscas-brancas causam danos diretos e indiretos, resultantes da sucção da seiva e transmissão de viroses. Para o estabelecimento de um eficiente programa de manejo integrado de pragas, além de utilizar várias estratégias de controle, é de suma importância um bom monitoramento da população da praga, visando à adoção de medidas de controle no momento ideal. Para a cultura da mandioca não se tem estabelecido um método de monitoramento preciso, eficiente e de baixo custo, principalmente para mosca-branca. Visando estabelecer um método de amostragem, que efetivamente seja representativo da população de mosca-branca na cultura da mandioca, e considerando as características de localização dos adultos, realizou-se este trabalho, cujo objetivo foi definir qual folha de mandioca deve ser amostrada durante o monitoramento de mosca-branca em cultivos comerciais de mandioca, que expressem o nível populacional desta praga no cultivo. Nas condições em que foi realizado este estudo, conclui-se que a amostragem efetuada na segunda folha aberta do ponteiro da planta de mandioca é representativa e suficiente para o monitoramento da população de adultos de mosca-branca.bitstream/item/118495/1/boletim-de-pesquisa-62.pd