A test of non-equilibrium thermodynamics in glassy systems: the soft-sphere case

The scaling properties of the soft-sphere potential allow the derivation of an exact expression for the pressure of a frozen liquid, i.e., the pressure corresponding to configurations which are local minima in its multidimensional potential energy landscape. The existence of such a relation offers the unique possibility for testing the recently proposed extension of the liquid free energy to glassy out-of-equilibrium conditions and the associated expression for the temperature of the configurational degrees of freedom. We demonstrate that the non-equilibrium free energy provides an exact description of the soft-sphere pressure in glass states

On the origin and evolution of the material in 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko

International audiencePrimitive objects like comets hold important information on the material that formed our solar system. Several comets have been visited by spacecraft and many more have been observed through Earth- and space-based telescopes. Still our understanding remains limited. Molecular abundances in comets have been shown to be similar to interstellar ices and thus indicate that common processes and conditions were involved in their formation. The samples returned by the Stardust mission to comet Wild 2 showed that the bulk refractory material was processed by high temperatures in the vicinity of the early sun. The recent Rosetta mission acquired a wealth of new data on the composition of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko (hereafter 67P/C-G) and complemented earlier observations of other comets. The isotopic, elemental, and molecular abundances of the volatile, semi-volatile, and refractory phases brought many new insights into the origin and processing of the incorporated material. The emerging picture after Rosetta is that at least part of the volatile material was formed before the solar system and that cometary nuclei agglomerated over a wide range of heliocentric distances, different from where they are found today. Deviations from bulk solar system abundances indicate that the material was not fully homogenized at the location of comet formation, despite the radial mixing implied by the Stardust results. Post-formation evolution of the material might play an important role, which further complicates the picture. This paper discusses these major findings of the Rosetta mission with respect to the origin of the material and puts them in the context of what we know from other comets and solar system objects

Measurement of the cross section for isolated-photon plus jet production in pp collisions at √s=13 TeV using the ATLAS detector

The dynamics of isolated-photon production in association with a jet in proton–proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV are studied with the ATLAS detector at the LHC using a dataset with an integrated luminosity of 3.2 fb−1. Photons are required to have transverse energies above 125 GeV. Jets are identified using the anti- algorithm with radius parameter and required to have transverse momenta above 100 GeV. Measurements of isolated-photon plus jet cross sections are presented as functions of the leading-photon transverse energy, the leading-jet transverse momentum, the azimuthal angular separation between the photon and the jet, the photon–jet invariant mass and the scattering angle in the photon–jet centre-of-mass system. Tree-level plus parton-shower predictions from Sherpa and Pythia as well as next-to-leading-order QCD predictions from Jetphox and Sherpa are compared to the measurements

Search for an invisibly decaying Higgs boson or dark matter candidates produced in association with a Z boson in pp collisions at root s=13 TeV with the ATLAS detector

SCOAP

Search for exclusive Higgs and Z boson decays to ϕγ and ργ with the ATLAS detector

A search for the exclusive decays of the Higgs and Z bosons to a φ or ρ meson and a photon is performed with a pp collision data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of up to 35.6 fb−1 collected at √s = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. These decays have been suggested as a probe of the Higgs boson couplings to light quarks. No significant excess of events is observed above the background, as expected from the Standard Model. Upper limits at 95% confidence level were obtained on the branching fractions of the Higgs boson decays to φγ and ργ of 4.8 × 10−4 and 8.8 × 10−4, respectively. The corresponding 95% confidence level upper limits for the Z boson decays are 0.9 × 10−6 and 25 × 10−6 for φγ and ργ, respectively

Die Auswirkungen der sozialoekonomischen Verhaeltnisse in der Weimarer Republik auf den Gesundheitszustand und den Krankenstand der Bevoelkerung

HUB(11) - Berlin, Med., Diss., 1965 / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekSIGLEDEGerman

Non Destructive Visualization and Quantification of 3 D Microstructure of Granular Materials and Direct Numerical Simulations

This paper summarizes the key concepts from the recent published work of the authors on using both neutron and X ray imaging techniques to study partially saturated sand and water flow through compacted sand. The goal of the manuscript is to serve as a review paper building on discrete contributions from cited publications for geomechanics community as the topic is rather new and concepts are connected. For this study, neutron and micro CT based X ray imaging was performed at Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin HZB in Germany. Due to different attenuation characteristics of neutrons and X rays to three phases silica, air and water of partially saturated sand, radiation based images provide unique but complementary information in a non destructive fashion. Water phase is very precisely identified with neutron radiation based images, and sand silica phase is well identified with X ray images. An automatic image registration technique is implemented to combine neutron and X ray images in the same coordinates for a detailed quantitative evaluation of micro structural features in three dimensions. In situ imaging experiment of flow through compacted sand was performed based on the dual modality imaging concept. The initial 3 D pore geometry was obtained from dry compacted sand specimen by using X ray. The water flow pattern was monitored by using time lapsed neutron radiography and tomography after a target water injection step. The initial microstructure obtained with X ray tomography is also used to Geo Congress 2014 Technical Papers, GSP 234 ASCE 2014 713 Page 2 perform direct numerical simulations. Experiments based on using neutron and X ray imaging technique thus provide unique opportunity to characterize partially saturated sand and investigate multi phase flow behavior through porous media. Direct numerical simulation based on realistic geometry can account for complex pore geometry including heterogeneity of the pore structur