12 research outputs found
Preparing for Crew-Control of Surface Robots from Orbit
Since 2010, the European Space Agency (ESA) and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) have been developing robots that can be remotely operated on planetary surfaces by astronauts in orbiting spacecraft. A primary objective of this work has been to test telerobotic technologies that are needed for future deep-space human exploration missions. Specifically, ESA's Multi-Purpose End-To-End Robotic Operations Network (METERON) project and NASA's Human Exploration Telerobotics (HET) project are complementary initiatives that aim to validate communications, operations and robotic systems through a range of ground and flight experiments with humans and robots in the loop. Several experiments have already been successfully completed and others are now in preparation for flight
Policy Feedback and the Criminal Justice Agenda: an analysis of the economy, crime rates, politics and public opinion in post-war Britain
This paper introduces a study aimed to help quantify the benefits of limited-performance force-feedback user input devices for space telemanipulation with a dexterous
robotic arm. A teleoperated robotic hand has been developed
for the European Space Agency by the German Aerospace
Center (DLR) for a lunar rover prototype. Studies carried out
on this telerobotic system investigated several criteria critical to telemanipulation in space: 1) grasping task completion time, 2) grasping task difficulty, 3) grasp quality, and 4) difficulty level for the operator to assess the grasp quality. Several test subjects were allocated to remotely grasp regular and irregular shaped objects, under different combinations of visual- and forcefeedback conditions. This work categorized the benefits of visual- and force-feedback in teleoperated grasping through several performance metrics. Furthermore, it has been shown that, with local joint-level impedance control, good grasping performance with rigid hard objects can be achieved, even with limited force-feedback information and low communication bandwidth. On the other hand, a performance ceiling was also found when grasping deformable objects, where the limited force-feedback setup cannot sufficiently reflect the object boundary to the teleoperator
Guiado háptico mediante aprendizaje por demostración en robótica quirúrgica
[Resumen] Las plataformas robĂłticas se configuran como una herramienta eficaz a la hora de paliar los inconvenientes que surgen en la aplicaciĂłn de
tĂ©cnicas quirĂşrgicas mĂnimamente invasivas. Este artĂculo plantea el empleo de guiado háptico para mejorar la experiencia del cirujano cuando utiliza
plataformas robĂłticas teleoperadas. En concreto se propone la tĂ©cnica de Aprendizaje por DemostraciĂłn para generar fuerzas que guĂen al cirujano durante
la ejecuciĂłn de maniobras especĂficas. Se ha realizado un estudio preliminar para la validaciĂłn del mĂ©todo basado en la ejecuciĂłn de una tarea genĂ©rica, la inserciĂłn de una clavija en un orificio, que demuestran la viabilidad del mĂ©todo para resolver esta tarea y otras similares relacionadas directamente con la robĂłtica quirĂşrgica teleoperada.https://doi.org/10.17979/spudc.97884974980
Laser-induced cell detachment, patterning, and regrowth on gold nanoparticle functionalized surfaces
We report on the selective cell detachment from nanoengineered gold nanoparticle (AuNP) surfaces triggered by laser irradiation, which occurs in a nonthermal manner. The gold nanoparticle-based surfaces reveal good adhesion of NIH3T3 fibroblast cells. Patterning is achieved by lithographic microcontact printing, selective gold nanoparticle deposition, and by laser beam profiling. It is shown that the effectiveness of fibroblast cell detachment depends on the cell age, laser power, and AuNP patterning profile. Heat distribution and temperature rise around gold nanoparticle functionalized surfaces is modeled, revealing low heating of nanoparticles by laser illumination. The nonthermal photochemical mechanism of cell detachment due to production of reactive oxygen species under illumination of gold nanoparticles by green laser light is studied. We also demonstrate that cells migrate from unirradiated areas leading to their reattachment and surface recovery which is important for controlled spatial organization of cells in wound healing and tissue engineering. Research presented in this work is targeted at designing biointerfaces for cell cultures
Laser-Induced Cell Detachment, Patterning, and Regrowth on Gold Nanoparticle Functionalized Surfaces
Don't fear 'fear conditioning': Methodological considerations for the design and analysis of studies on human fear acquisition, extinction, and return of fear
The so-called 'replicability crisis' has sparked methodological discussions in many areas of science in general, and in psychology in particular. This has led to recent endeavours to promote the transparency, rigour, and ultimately, replicability of research. Originating from this zeitgeist, the challenge to discuss critical issues on terminology, design, methods, and analysis considerations in fear conditioning research is taken up by this work, which involved representatives from fourteen of the major human fear conditioning laboratories in Europe. This compendium is intended to provide a basis for the development of a common procedural and terminology framework for the field of human fear conditioning. Whenever possible, we give general recommendations. When this is not feasible, we provide evidence-based guidance for methodological decisions on study design, outcome measures, and analyses. Importantly, this work is also intended to raise awareness and initiate discussions on crucial questions with respect to data collection, processing, statistical analyses, the impact of subtle procedural changes, and data reporting specifically tailored to the research on fear conditioning