Rsp5 promotes Gene Activation mediated by 9aaTAD Transcription Factors Oaf1 and Gal4

Nine-amino-acid transactivation domain, 9aaTAD, defines a large superfamily of yeast and mammals transcription factors. The transactivation of the 9aaTAD has been addressed to multiple general co-activators TAF9, MED15, CBP and p300. We demonstrate for the 9aaTAD transcription factors Oaf1 and Gal4 functional and physical interaction with E3-Ubiquitin Ligase Rsp5. The Rsp5-associations with RNA polymerase II and TFIID were reported previously

Positional information readout in Ca2+Ca^{2+} signaling

Living cells respond to spatial signals. Signal transmission to the cell interior often involves the release of second messengers like $Ca^{2+}$ . They will eventually trigger a physiological response by activating kinases that in turn activate target proteins through phosphorylation. Here, we investigate theoretically how positional information can be accurately read out by protein phosphorylation in spite of rapid second messenger diffusion. We find that accuracy is increased by binding of the kinases to the cell membrane prior to phosphorylation and by increasing the rate of $Ca^{2+}$ loss from the cell interior. These findings could explain some salient features of conventional protein kinases C

Money Illusion Under Test

Much progress has been made in recent years in developing and applying a direct measure of utility using survey questions on satisfaction with income and with life in general. In this paper we apply this new type of measurement to the study of money illusion. Using data from the German Socio-Economic Panel for the years 1993 to 2003, we cannot reject the hypothesis of no money illusion.North-South, cost-of-living, subjective well-being, fixed effects

Identifying reliable traits across laboratory mouse exploration arenas: A meta-analysis

This study is a meta-analysis of 367 mice from a collection of behaviour neuroscience and behaviour genetic studies run in the same lab in Zurich, Switzerland. We employed correlation-based statistics to confirm and quantify consistencies in behaviour across the testing environments. All 367 mice ran exactly the same behavioural arenas: the light/dark box, the null maze, the open field arena, an emergence task and finally an object exploration task. We analysed consistency of three movement types across those arenas (resting, scanning, progressing), and their relative preference for three zones of the arenas (home, transition, exploration). Results were that 5/6 measures showed strong individual-differences consistency across the tests. Mean inter-arena correlations for these five measures ranged from +.12 to +.53. Unrotated principal component factor analysis (UPCFA) and Cronbach’s alpha measures showed these traits to be reliable and substantial (32-63% of variance across the five arenas). UPCFA loadings then indicate which tasks give the best information about these cross-task traits. One measure (that of time spent in “intermediate” zones) was not reliable across arenas. Conclusions centre on the use of individual differences research and behavioural batteries to revise understandings of what measures in one task predict for behaviour in others. Developing better behaviour measures also makes sound scientific and ethical sense

The organisation and functions of local Ca²⁺ signals

Calcium (Ca2+) is a ubiquitous intracellular messenger, controlling a diverse range of cellular processes, such as gene transcription, muscle contraction and cell proliferation. The ability of a simple ion such as Ca2+ to play a pivotal role in cell biology results from the facility that cells have to shape Ca2+ signals in space, time and amplitude. To generate and interpret the variety of observed Ca2+ signals, different cell types employ components selected from a Ca2+ signalling 'toolkit', which comprises an array of homeostatic and sensory mechanisms. By mixing and matching components from the toolkit, cells can obtain Ca2+ signals that suit their physiology. Recent studies have demonstrated the importance of local Ca2+ signals in defining the specificity of the interaction of Ca2+ with its targets. Furthermore, local Ca2+ signals are the triggers and building blocks for larger global signals that propagate throughout cells

Szent remeték mint a szerzetesi élet példaképei: az egri irgalmas rendház 18. századi ablaktáblái Fr. Huetter Lukácstól

Abstract The order of the hospitaller brothers of St John of God worked in Eger from 1726 to 1950. One of them, brother Lucas Huetter (†1760) adorned the window shutters of the monastic cells with paintings between 1749 and 1760. The oil paintings are equally 68×38 cm. The painter in Eger used for his pictures the late 16th century print series by Johannes and Raphael Sadeler made after the works of Antwerp painter Marten de Vos (1532–1603) (titles of the series: “Solitudo sive vitae patrum eremicolarum”, “Sylvae sacrae” and “Trophaeum vitae solitariae”). The twelve scenes on the six window shutters are tightly connected to the monastic way of living. In the first pair of shutters Martinianus and Evagrius exemplify triumph over temptation. The second pair (St Venerius and St Paul the Simple) stresses the importance of obedience. The saint hermits (St Mary the Egyptian, St William of Maleval and Onuphrius) and St Francis of Assisi are paragons of poverty, asceticism and self-denial. The saints on the window shutters of the third cell (St Ignatius of Loyola, St Isidore of Madrid, the hermits Mutius and Simeon) all receive celestial help for the execution of their tasks. In “The Imitation of Christ” Thomas à Kempis presents the holy hermits and sainted founders of the orders as examples to be imitated by the monks and all God-fearing people. The window shutters in Eger did not merely serve as decoration for the cells but filled clearly didactic, exemplary roles: how to overscome the difficulties of the everyday life, to keep focused on God and to become a saint