Would Re-Criminalizing U.S. Gambling Pump-Prime the Economy and Could U.S. Gambling Facilities Be Transformed into Educational and High-Tech Facilities?: Will the Legal Discovery of Gambling Companies' Secrets Confirm Research Issues?

Economists and sociologists noted that the economic justifications for decriminalized gambling such as claims of new jobs, public revenues, and business development were the same types of arguments that Lincoln decried as being utilized to justify slavery in the 1800s, and which could still be utilized to justify decriminalizing illegal drugs in the present era. ... Thereafter, as pro-gambling interests returned to Nebraska, they were repeatedly rebuffed by the academic community, which was exemplified in one instance by 40 economists publicly rejecting new gambling proposals that would "cannibalize" the consumer economy. ... To conceptualize the socio-economic impacts of decriminalized gambling, it is beneficial to illustrate or visualize the gambling industry's identified "feeder markets" for a particular gambling facility, such as a casino. ... The secondary "feeder market" is typically a 100-mile radius around the casino and can include a quasi-tourist market -- although a gambling tourist should not be defined as a pre-existing tourist, but a new tourist from out-of-state who would not otherwise cross the state line if not for the gambling facility. ... If pro-gambling interests can focus the geographic scope of any study to within a mile or a few miles of the gambling activity, such as a casino, the limited scope generally influences the results to reflect favorably on economic and crime statistics. ... Contradicted and embarrassed by their own "feeder market" analyses, after the mid-1990s it became increasingly difficult to find gambling interests that publicly identified their feeder markets. ...published or submitted for publicationis peer reviewe

Follow the Money: Gambling, Ethics, and Subpoenas

Since the Watergate era, when investigative reporters were advised to "follow the money" to find the facts, this principle has been reaffirmed several times as the mechanism for the fourth estate to scourge crime and corruption from government, lobbying activities, and the political process (Bernstein and Woodward 1975, 35). ... In 1995 in Virginia, a state with only some charitable gambling and a recently enacted lottery, casino proponents hired 48 lobbyists who represented practically every lobbying firm in the state capital in an attempt to prohibit any antigambling lobbyists from competing. ... The unlimited amounts of money available to the gambling industry would also corrupt the governmental system according to Nat Helms, a former high-ranking member of the gambling industry's 1994 campaign that brought video gambling machines to Missouri. ... Under the dominant influence of legislation proposed and even drafted by the gambling interests, during the 1980s and 1990s states not only legalized gambling activities but also legislated special economic and liability protections for the gambling industry that were unavailable to other businesses. ... The AGA's chairman, Frank Fahrenkopf, in addressing gambling industry leaders, has constantly extolled the political clout of the "moral opponents" of gambling and linked the NCALG to the Christian Coalition in an effort to raise millions of dollars for the AGA (which has approximately a $4.6 million budget, compared to just over$ 100,000 for the NCALG). ... With Gambling Study on Table, Las Vegas Hedging Early.published or submitted for publicationis peer reviewe

Some foundational and methodical problems of the empirical theory of literature

Kindt W. Some foundational and methodical problems of the empirical theory of literature. Poetics. 1981;10(4-5):483-513

Helping motivation and well-being of chronic pain couples: a daily diary study

Receiving support from a romantic partner may yield benefits for individuals with chronic pain (ICPs), but may also carry unintended side effects. The conditions under which partner support provision yields (mal) adaptive effects deserve greater attention. Grounded in Self-determination theory, partners may provide help for autonomous or volitional (eg, enjoyment, full commitment) or rather controlled or pressured (eg, avoiding guilt and criticism) motives. This study examined associations between day-to-day fluctuations in partners' type of helping motivation and several outcomes, among partners and ICPs. Seventy couples, with 1 partner having chronic pain (75.7% female), completed a diary for 14 consecutive days. Daily helping motivation was assessed together with daily affect, relational conflict, and relationship-based need satisfaction. Partners (M-age = 55.14) additionally reported on daily helping exhaustion, whereas ICPs (M-age = 54.71) reported on daily pain intensity, disability, satisfaction with received help, and amount of received help. Providing autonomous help related to improvements in partners' affective (eg, positive affect), relational (eg, conflict), and help-specific (eg, exhaustion) functioning, which were accounted for by improvements in daily relationship-based psychological need satisfaction. Similarly, daily autonomously motivated help yielded a direct (ie, relational conflict; perceived amount of help) or indirect (ie, positive and negative affects; relational conflict; satisfaction with help, disability) contribution in explaining ICP outcomes-through improvements in ICPs' relationship-based psychological need satisfaction. Findings highlight the importance of a motivational and dynamic perspective on help provision within chronic pain couples. Considering reasons why a partner provides help is important to understand when partners and ICPs may benefit from daily support

Insertion/deletion-related polymorphisms in the human T cell receptor beta gene complex.

Insertion/deletion related polymorphisms (IDRP) involving stretches of 15-30 kb within the human TCR-beta gene complex were revealed by pulse-field gel electrophoresis. Two independent IDRP systems were detected by analysis of Sfi I- and Sal I-digested human DNA samples using probes for TCR C and V region gene segments. The allelic nature of these systems was verified in family studies, and mapping data allowed localization of one area of insertion/deletion among the V gene segments and the other near the C region genes. All but one of 50 individuals tested could be typed for the two allelic systems, and gene frequencies for the two allelic forms were 0.37/0.61 and 0.46/0.54, indicating that these polymorphisms are widespread

Interactions with Queensland show children: enhancing knowledge of educational contexts

This paper analyses one element of Shulman's (1987) categories of the teacher knowledge base - knowledge of educational contexts - in relation to the education of Queensland travelling show children. This knowledge includes three sets of interactions: the children's relationships on and off the show circuits, the children's interactions with their teachers, and the teachers' interactions with the children's parents and home tutors. The concepts of 'border crossing' (Giroux, 1990) and 'boundary maintenance' (Barth, 1969) underscore the importance of show children and their teachers being able to cross the boundaries between show life and formal schooling