3,713 research outputs found
On the sources of the late integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect
In some scenarios, the peculiar gravitational potential of linear and mildly
nonlinear structures depends on time and, as a result of this dependence, a
late integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect appears. Here, an appropriate formalism is
used which allows us to improve on the analysis of the spatial scales and
locations of the main cosmological inhomogeneities producing this effect. The
study is performed in the framework of the currently preferred flat model with
cosmological constant, and it is also developed in an open model for
comparisons. Results from this analysis are used to discuss the contribution of
Great Attractor-like objects, voids, and other structures to the CMB
anisotropy.Comment: 25 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in New Astronom
Embedding realistic surveys in simulations through volume remapping
Connecting cosmological simulations to real-world observational programs is
often complicated by a mismatch in geometry: while surveys often cover highly
irregular cosmological volumes, simulations are customarily performed in a
periodic cube. We describe a technique to remap this cube into elongated
box-like shapes that are more useful for many applications. The remappings are
one-to-one, volume-preserving, keep local structures intact, and involve
minimal computational overhead.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures. Companion material at
http://mwhite.berkeley.edu/BoxRemap
Seeable universe and its accelerated expansion: an observational test
From the equivalence principle, one gets the strength of the gravitational
effect of a mass on the metric at position r from it. It is proportional to
the dimensionless parameter , which normally is .
Here is the gravitational constant, the mass of the gravitating body,
the position of the metric from the gravitating body and the speed of
light. The seeable universe is the sphere, with center at the observer, having
a size such that it shall contain all light emitted within it. For this to
occur one can impose that the gravitational effect on the velocity of light at
is zero for the radial component, and non zero for the tangential one.
Light is then trapped. The condition is given by the equality ,
where represents the radius of the {\it seeable} universe. It is the
gravitational radius of the mass . The result has been presented elsewhere
as the condition for the universe to be treated as a black hole. According to
present observations, for the case of our universe taken as flat (), and
the equation of state as , we prove here from the Einstein's
cosmological equations that the universe is expanding in an accelerated way as
, a constant acceleration as has been observed. This implies that the
gravitational radius of the universe (at the event horizon) expands as .
Taking as constant, observing the galaxies deep in space this means deep in
time as , linear. Then, far away galaxies from the observer that we see
today will disappear in time as they get out of the distance ct that is . The accelerated expanding vacuum will drag them out of sight. This may be
a valid test for the present ideas in cosmology. Previous calculations are here
halved by our results.Comment: 15 pages, 2 figure
Quantization of the universe as a black hole
It has been shown that black holes can be quantized by using Bohr's idea of
quantizing the motion of an electron inside the atom. We apply these ideas to
the universe as a whole. This approach reinforces the suggestion that it may be
a way to unify gravity with quantum theory.Comment: 7 pages. Accepted for publication in Astrophysics & Space Science in
25th Octuber 201
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