Characterization of eddy-current testing inverse problems using adaptive databases

International audienceOne of the main challenges in Eddy Current Testing (ECT) is the solution of the inverse problem, i.e., the determination of the defect properties knowing the measured data. To this end, many approaches and mathematical tools have been proposed. The so-called adaptive database-method has recently been developed. Its main idea is to store corresponding input-output data pairs in a database and, by fitting an interpolator to these samples, to solve approximately the forward and inverse problems at a low computational cost

Environmentally mediated reproductive success predicts breeding dispersal decisions in an early successional amphibian

Dispersal is a central mechanism in ecology and evolution. Dispersal evolution is driven by a trade-off between costs and benefits, which is influenced by interindividual variability and local environmental conditions (context-dependent dispersal). Many studies have investigated how dispersal decisions may be influenced by environmental factors, including density, predation and interspecific competition. Yet few have attempted to examine how habitat disturbance may affect the dispersal process in spatially structured populations. In early successional species, one might expect individuals to adjust their dispersal decisions based on two main factors that potentially have an influence on reproductive success: patch size and the level of patch disturbance. In this study, we examined how these two factors affect breeding success and dispersal decisions in an early successional amphibian, the yellow- bellied toad, Bombina variegata. To this end, we used capture–recapture data collected on a spatially structured population occupying 28 breeding patches. We took advantage of recent developments in multievent capture–recapture models to detect signs of context-dependent dispersal. The results revealed that the probability of successful reproduction and the number of newly metamorphosed individuals increased with both the size and the proportion of disturbance of a patch. In addition, our results showed that the factors affecting breeding success also influenced breeding dispersal probability. Large patch size negatively influenced emigration probability; in contrast, it positively influenced immigration probability. Equally, higher disturbance had a strong negative influence on emigration probability and slightly positively affected immigration probability. These findings strongly suggest that individuals make context-dependent dispersal decisions, adjusted to maximize future fitness prospects in a patch, allowing them to better cope with rapid changes in environmental conditions resulting from the ecological succession process. This opens new areas of potential research into the role of dispersal in organism specialization along an ecological succession gradient

A {\mu}-TPC detector for the characterization of low energy neutron fields

The AMANDE facility produces monoenergetic neutron fields from 2 keV to 20 MeV for metrological purposes. To be considered as a reference facility, fluence and energy distributions of neutron fields have to be determined by primary measurement standards. For this purpose, a micro Time Projection Chamber is being developed to be dedicated to measure neutron fields with energy ranging from 8 keV up to 1 MeV. In this work we present simulations showing that such a detector, which allows the measurement of the ionization energy and the 3D reconstruction of the recoil nucleus, provides the determination of neutron energy and fluence of these neutron fields

Diverse aging rates in ectothermic tetrapods provide insights for the evolution of aging and longevity

Comparative studies of mortality in the wild are necessary to understand the evolution of aging; yet, ectothermic tetrapods are underrepresented in this comparative landscape, despite their suitability for testing evolutionary hypotheses. We present a study of aging rates and longevity across wild tetrapod ectotherms, using data from 107 populations (77 species) of nonavian reptiles and amphibians. We test hypotheses of how thermoregulatory mode, environmental temperature, protective phenotypes, and pace of life history contribute to demographic aging. Controlling for phylogeny and body size, ectotherms display a higher diversity of aging rates compared with endotherms and include phylogenetically widespread evidence of negligible aging. Protective phenotypes and life-history strategies further explain macroevolutionary patterns of aging. Analyzing ectothermic tetrapods in a comparative context enhances our understanding of the evolution of aging.Animal science

Stratégies d'innovation dans les nouvelles filières énergétiques : émergence d'innovations radicales dans un contexte conservateur

Un demi-siècle d'émergence inachevée -- Contexte original de l'étude -- Objectifs -- Méthodologie de recherche -- L'émergence des industries -- Le capital de risque -- Emergence vue au niveau méso -- Interdépendance en phase d'émergence -- Coordinaton et action politque en émergence -- Les courses technologiques -- Dynamique et technologique en énergie -- Energie aujourd'hui et demain -- Logique énergétique actuelle -- Percée des technologies nouvelles -- Etudes de cas -- Jeune pousse universitaire dans les reformeurs à hydrogène -- PME privée dans le conseil et optimisation de l'éolien -- Entreprise à structure de capital publique spécialisée en machines tournantes électriques -- Le questionnare MINE -- Observations sur la création de la valeur -- Observations sur l'intération verticale -- Observations sur les actions pionnières et sur les stratégies de niche -- Observation sur le protectionnisme et la vigueur de la communauté

Le bloc paravertébral thoracique. Anatomie de l'espace paravertébral. Revue de la littérature illustré par une série rémoise en anésthésie pédiatrique

REIMS-BU Santé (514542104) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF

Rôle de la leptine dans le déclenchement de la puberté

REIMS-BU Santé (514542104) / SudocSudocFranceF