82 research outputs found
The extent of strangeness in equilibration in quark-gluon plasma
The evolution and production of strangeness from chemically equilibrating and
transversely expanding quark gluon plasma which may be formed in the wake of
relativistic heavy ion collisions is studied with initial conditions obtained
from the Self Screened Parton Cascade (SSPC) model. The extent of partonic
equilibration increases almost linearly with the square of the initial energy
density, which can then be scaled with number of participants.Comment: 4 pages including three figures, talk given at ICPAQGP'01, Jaipur,
India, to appear in Pramana - Journal of Physics, Indian Academy of Scienc
Diagnosis of urinary bladder diseases in dogs by using two-dimensional and three-dimensional ultrasonography
Abstract Aim: The objective of this study was to obtain and compare two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) ultrasonographic images of the urinary bladder in different disease conditions. Materials and Methods: The present study was conducting on total 10clinical cases of the urinary bladder in dogs. The ultrasound (US) machine used for this study was 3D US machine (Nemio-XG: Toshiba, Japan) having a four-dimensional volumetric probe. Results: In the present study, the inflamed thickened wall was clearly visible with the distinction of different layers of the urinary bladder wall in some of the cases of cystitis using 2D ultrasonography. In 3D sonogram, the urinary bladder was visualized as a large anechoic structure with no distinction of different layers of the bladder wall. The cystoliths were clearly visible as hyperechoic structures with distal acoustic shadow in 2D sonogram and appeared as a bright echogenic area in 3D sonogram. In case of urinary bladder neoplasia in 2D ultrasonogram, the bladder lumen was found to be occluded with a large growth imaged as focal anechoic areas in the tissue of mixed echogenicity with small hyperechoic dots in this tissue parenchyma. In 3D ultrasonogram, a tissue of mixed echogenicity of pus was also observed. Conclusion: From the present study it was concluded that 2D and 3D ultrasonography is very helpful for diagnosis of different clinical conditions of the urinary bladder such as cystitis, cystoliths, and urinary bladder neoplasia. The cavity of urinary bladder was more clearly visualized in 3D ultrasonography, but the distinction of different layers of the bladder wall was visualized only in 2D ultrasonography. The distinct shadow of pus and cystoliths were visible in 2D ultrasonogram. The visualization of pus in 3D ultrasonography was done for the first time in present study
Evolution of strangeness in equilibrating and expanding quark-gluon plasma
We evaluate the strangeness production from equilibrating and transversely
expanding quark gluon plasma which may be created in the wake of relativistic
heavy ion collisions. We consider boost invariant longitudinal and
cylindrically symmetric transverse expansion of a gluon dominated partonic
plasma, which is in local thermal equilibrium. Initial conditions obtained from
the self screened parton cascade model are used. We empirically find that the
final extent of the partonic equilibration rises almost linearly with the
square of the initial energy density. This along with the corresponding
variation with the number of participants may help us distinguish between
various models of parton production.Comment: RevTex, 10 pages including 6 figures comprising 11 postscript files,
text modified considerably with an added figure (Fig. 6) and this version
accepted for publication in Phys. Rev.
Soft Electromagnetic Radiations from Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions
The production of low mass dileptons and soft photons from thermalized Quark
Gluon Plasma (QGP) and hadronic matter in relativistic heavy ion collisions is
evaluated. A boost invariant longitudinal and cylindrically symmetric
transverse expansion of the systems created in central collision of lead nuclei
at CERN SPS, BNL RHIC, and CERN LHC, and undergoing a first order phase
transition to hadronic matter is considered. A large production of low mass (M<
0.3 GeV) dileptons, and soft photons (p_T< 0.4 GeV) is seen to emanate from the
bremsstrahlung of quarks and pions. We find an increase by a factor of 2--4 in
the low mass dilepton and soft photon yield as we move from SPS to RHIC
energies, and an increase by an order of magnitude as we move from SPS to LHC
energies. Most of the soft radiations are found to originate from pion driven
processes at SPS and RHIC energies, while at the LHC energies the quark and the
pion driven processes contribute by a similar amount. The study of the
transverse mass distribution is seen to provide interesting details of the
evolution. We also find a unique universal behaviour for the ratio of M^2
weighted transverse mass distribution for M= 0.1 GeV to that for M= 0.2 and 0.3
GeV, as a function of M_T, for SPS, RHIC, and LHC energies, in the absence of
transverse expansion of the system. A deviation from this universal behaviour
is seen as a clear indication of the flow.Comment: Revtex fil
Optimizing Retrieval of Biospecimens Using the Curated Cancer Clinical Outcomes Database (C3OD)
A grant from the One-University Open Access Fund at the University of Kansas was used to defray the author's publication fees in this Open Access journal. The Open Access Fund, administered by librarians from the KU, KU Law, and KUMC libraries, is made possible by contributions from the offices of KU Provost, KU Vice Chancellor for Research & Graduate Studies, and KUMC Vice Chancellor for Research. For more information about the Open Access Fund, please see http://library.kumc.edu/authors-fund.xml.To fully support their role in translational and personalized medicine, biorepositories and biobanks must continue to advance the annotation of their biospecimens with robust clinical and laboratory data. Translational research and personalized medicine require well-documented and up-to-date information, but the infrastructure used to support biorepositories and biobanks can easily be out of sync with the host institution. To assist researchers and provide them with accurate pathological, epidemiological, and bio-molecular data, the Biospecimen Repository Core Facility (BRCF) at the University of Kansas Medical Center (KUMC) merges data from medical records, the tumor registry, and pathology reports using the Curated Cancer Clinical Outcomes Database (C3OD). In this report, we describe the utilization of C3OD to optimally retrieve and dispense biospecimen samples using these 3 data sources and demonstrate how C3OD greatly increases the efficiency of obtaining biospecimen samples for the researchers.National Cancer Institute (NCI) Cancer Center Support Grant P30 CA168524Biostatistics and Informatics Shared Resource (BISR)Biospecimen Shared Resource (BSR
Impact of Janani Suraksha Yojana on Institutional Delivery Rate and Maternal Morbidity and Mortality: An Observational Study in India
The Government of India initiated a cash incentive scheme\u2014Janani
Suraksha Yojana (JSY)\u2014to promote institutional deliveries with an
aim to reduce maternal mortality ratio (MMR). An observational study
was conducted in a tertiary-care hospital of Madhya Pradesh, India,
before and after implementation of JSY, with a sample of women
presenting for institutional delivery. The objectives of this study
were to: (i) determine the total number of institutional deliveries
before and after implementation of JSY, (ii) determine the MMR, and
(iii) compare factors associated with maternal mortality and morbidity.
The data were analyzed for two years before implementation of JSY
(2003-2005) and compared with two years following implementation of JSY
(2005-2007). Overall, institutional deliveries increased by 42.6% after
implementation, including those among rural, illiterate and
primary-literate persons of lower socioeconomic strata. The main causes
of maternal mortality were eclampsia, pre-eclampsia and severe anaemia
both before and after implementation of JSY. Anaemia was the most
common morbidity factor observed in this study. Among those who had
institutional deliveries, there were significant increases in cases of
eclampsia, pre-eclampsia, polyhydramnios, oligohydramnios, antepartum
haemorrhage (APH), postpartum haemorrhage (PPH), and malaria after
implementation of JSY. The scheme appeared to increase institutional
delivery by at-risk mothers, which has the potential to reduce maternal
morbidity and mortality, improve child survival, and ensure equity in
maternal healthcare in India. The lessons from this study and other
available sources should be utilized to improve the performance and
implementation of JSY scheme in India
Formation of dense partonic matter in relativistic nucleus-nucleus collisions at RHIC: Experimental evaluation by the PHENIX collaboration
Extensive experimental data from high-energy nucleus-nucleus collisions were
recorded using the PHENIX detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider
(RHIC). The comprehensive set of measurements from the first three years of
RHIC operation includes charged particle multiplicities, transverse energy,
yield ratios and spectra of identified hadrons in a wide range of transverse
momenta (p_T), elliptic flow, two-particle correlations, non-statistical
fluctuations, and suppression of particle production at high p_T. The results
are examined with an emphasis on implications for the formation of a new state
of dense matter. We find that the state of matter created at RHIC cannot be
described in terms of ordinary color neutral hadrons.Comment: 510 authors, 127 pages text, 56 figures, 1 tables, LaTeX. Submitted
to Nuclear Physics A as a regular article; v3 has minor changes in response
to referee comments. Plain text data tables for the points plotted in figures
for this and previous PHENIX publications are (or will be) publicly available
at http://www.phenix.bnl.gov/papers.htm
Anti-bacterial activity of inorganic nanomaterials and their antimicrobial peptide conjugates against resistant and non-resistant pathogens
This review details the antimicrobial applications of inorganic nanomaterials of mostly metallic form, and the augmentation of activity by surface conjugation of peptide ligands. The review is subdivided into three main sections, of which the first describes the antimicrobial activity of inorganic nanomaterials against gram-positive, gram-negative and multidrug-resistant bacterial strains. The second section highlights the range of antimicrobial peptides and the drug resistance strategies employed by bacterial species to counter lethality. The final part discusses the role of antimicrobial peptide-decorated inorganic nanomaterials in the fight against bacterial strains that show resistance. General strategies for the preparation of antimicrobial peptides and their conjugation to nanomaterials are discussed, emphasizing the use of elemental and metallic oxide nanomaterials. Importantly, the permeation of antimicrobial peptides through the bacterial membrane is shown to aid the delivery of nanomaterials into bacterial cells. By judicious use of targeting ligands, the nanomaterial becomes able to differentiate between bacterial and mammalian cells and, thus, reduce side effects. Moreover, peptide conjugation to the surface of a nanomaterial will alter surface chemistry in ways that lead to reduction in toxicity and improvements in biocompatibility
Measurement of the lambda and lambda^bar particles in Au+Au Collisions at sqrt(s_NN)=130 GeV
We present results on the measurement of lambda and lambda^bar production in
Au+Au collisions at sqrt(s_NN)=130 GeV with the PHENIX detector at RHIC. The
transverse momentum spectra were measured for minimum bias and for the 5% most
central events. The lambda^bar/lambda ratios are constant as a function of p_T
and the number of participants. The measured net lambda density is
significantly larger than predicted by models based on hadronic strings (e.g.
HIJING) but in approximate agreement with models which include the gluon
junction mechanism.Comment: 6 pages, RevTeX 3, 4 figures, 2 tables, 310 authors, submitted to
Phys. Rev. Lett. on 17 April 2002. Plain text data tables for the points
plotted in figures for this and previous PHENIX publications are (will be
made) publicly available at
http://www.phenix.bnl.gov/phenix/WWW/run/phenix/papers.htm
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