Identification of isolated bacteria from poultry feces in Beting, Kuala Pilah / Azila Mostafa

The chicken (Gallus gallus) is crucial for the industrial production of meat and egg. The bacteria in chicken feces have potential to transmit in human if there were poor hygiene practice. The aim of this study is to isolate and identify the bacteria from chicken feces. The feces sample was collected from the villager’s coop. The samples were collected aseptically and proceed with a serial dilution for subculture process. The pure culture obtained proceeds for gram staining and biochemical test. The bacteria morphology was identified by gram staining and proceeds for biochemical test. The biochemical was MacConkey, eosin-methylene blue, and IMViC test. Two bacteria successfully isolated were Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp

International Consensus Statement on Rhinology and Allergy: Rhinosinusitis

Background: The 5 years since the publication of the first International Consensus Statement on Allergy and Rhinology: Rhinosinusitis (ICAR‐RS) has witnessed foundational progress in our understanding and treatment of rhinologic disease. These advances are reflected within the more than 40 new topics covered within the ICAR‐RS‐2021 as well as updates to the original 140 topics. This executive summary consolidates the evidence‐based findings of the document. Methods: ICAR‐RS presents over 180 topics in the forms of evidence‐based reviews with recommendations (EBRRs), evidence‐based reviews, and literature reviews. The highest grade structured recommendations of the EBRR sections are summarized in this executive summary. Results: ICAR‐RS‐2021 covers 22 topics regarding the medical management of RS, which are grade A/B and are presented in the executive summary. Additionally, 4 topics regarding the surgical management of RS are grade A/B and are presented in the executive summary. Finally, a comprehensive evidence‐based management algorithm is provided. Conclusion: This ICAR‐RS‐2021 executive summary provides a compilation of the evidence‐based recommendations for medical and surgical treatment of the most common forms of RS