Le diplome universitaire de traducteur interprete juridique un exemple de formation continue en traduction juridique

L'objet de cet article est de présenter le contenu et les objectifs pédagogiques du diplôme universitaire de traducteur interprète juridique ouvert dans le cadre de la formation permanente de la faculté de droit de l'université Lyon 3

How Common is the Common Law? Some Differences and Similarities in British and American Superior Court Decisions

American law and English law belong to the same legal tradition, the common law, characterized by a case-law system based on judicial decisions and the rule of precedent. There are indeed common features between the American and the English common law systems. There is a common language with close expressions, but also similar concepts, principles and procedures. But how common are in fact the American and British legal systems? This paper aims at finding some possible answers through a legal and linguistic analysis of some US and UK superior court decisions

Vanessa Place: An Interview In Paris

International audienc

Quelle place occupe l’anglais juridique dans les offres de stages proposés par les cabinets d’avocats en Angleterre et au pays de Galles ?

Le présent article analyse des documents mis en ligne par les cabinets d’avocats anglais pour recruter des étudiants ou des diplômés en droit et en matières non juridiques dans le cadre de stages d’observation et d’apprentissage. Il s’agit de déterminer quelle place occupe l’anglais juridique dans ces offres en étudiant les termes emblématiques à la fois de la formation suivie par les aspirants solicitors, de leur milieu professionnel ainsi que de leurs pratiques. De plus, l’étude de cette langue spécialisée peut occuper une place à part entière dans le cursus linguistique suivi par les étudiants français en droit dans la mesure où il peut leur faire prendre conscience des différences essentielles existant entre les cursus pour devenir avocat et solicitor des deux côtés de la Manche, et ainsi élargir leur horizon professionnel.This paper analyses online documents posted by English solicitors’ law firms to recruit law and non law undergraduates and graduates for work placement schemes and training contracts. Its aim is to determine the place devoted to legal English by studying the terms linked to the required training undergone by aspiring solicitors, their working environment and practices. Moreover, the author argues that the study of this specialised language can be integrated into the linguistic syllabus followed by French law students insomuch as it raises their awareness of the main differences between English and French legal studies and it widens their professional horizons

(Dis)continuité et expérimentation pédagogiques : intérêts et limites de l’utilisation d’outils numériques en anglais juridique

Avant-propos La crise sanitaire du printemps 2020 a provoqué un bouleversement sans précédent dans la vie universitaire et a obligé la communauté des enseignants et des administratifs de l’enseignement supérieur à mobiliser, dans l’urgence, des moyens pour garantir le contrat de continuité pédagogique qui nous lie aux étudiants. On peut définir la continuité pédagogique comme la gamme de stratégies et de ressources déployées par les acteurs d’une institution de formation pour rétablir et main..

An original phylogenetic approach identified mitochondrial haplogroup T1a1 as inversely associated with breast cancer risk in BRCA2 mutation carriers

Introduction: Individuals carrying pathogenic mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes have a high lifetime risk of breast cancer. BRCA1 and BRCA2 are involved in DNA double-strand break repair, DNA alterations that can be caused by exposure to reactive oxygen species, a main source of which are mitochondria. Mitochondrial genome variations affect electron transport chain efficiency and reactive oxygen species production. Individuals with different mitochondrial haplogroups differ in their metabolism and sensitivity to oxidative stress. Variability in mitochondrial genetic background can alter reactive oxygen species production, leading to cancer risk. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that mitochondrial haplogroups modify breast cancer risk in BRCA1/2 mutation carriers. Methods: We genotyped 22,214 (11,421 affected, 10,793 unaffected) mutation carriers belonging to the Consortium of Investigators of Modifiers of BRCA1/2 for 129 mitochondrial polymorphisms using the iCOGS array. Haplogroup inference and association detection were performed using a phylogenetic approach. ALTree was applied to explore the reference mitochondrial evolutionary tree and detect subclades enriched in affected or unaffected individuals. Results: We discovered that subclade T1a1 was depleted in affected BRCA2 mutation carriers compared with the rest of clade T (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.55; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.34 to 0.88; P = 0.01). Compared with the most frequent haplogroup in the general population (that is, H and T clades), the T1a1 haplogroup has a HR of 0.62 (95% CI, 0.40 to 0.95; P = 0.03). We also identified three potential susceptibility loci, including G13708A/rs28359178, which has demonstrated an inverse association with familial breast cancer risk. Conclusions: This study illustrates how original approaches such as the phylogeny-based method we used can empower classical molecular epidemiological studies aimed at identifying association or risk modification effects.Peer reviewe

Molecular mechanisms of cell death: recommendations of the Nomenclature Committee on Cell Death 2018.

Over the past decade, the Nomenclature Committee on Cell Death (NCCD) has formulated guidelines for the definition and interpretation of cell death from morphological, biochemical, and functional perspectives. Since the field continues to expand and novel mechanisms that orchestrate multiple cell death pathways are unveiled, we propose an updated classification of cell death subroutines focusing on mechanistic and essential (as opposed to correlative and dispensable) aspects of the process. As we provide molecularly oriented definitions of terms including intrinsic apoptosis, extrinsic apoptosis, mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT)-driven necrosis, necroptosis, ferroptosis, pyroptosis, parthanatos, entotic cell death, NETotic cell death, lysosome-dependent cell death, autophagy-dependent cell death, immunogenic cell death, cellular senescence, and mitotic catastrophe, we discuss the utility of neologisms that refer to highly specialized instances of these processes. The mission of the NCCD is to provide a widely accepted nomenclature on cell death in support of the continued development of the field

Common variants at 12p11, 12q24, 9p21, 9q31.2 and in ZNF365 are associated with breast cancer risk for BRCA1 and/or BRCA2 mutation carriers

Abstract Introduction Several common alleles have been shown to be associated with breast and/or ovarian cancer risk for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers. Recent genome-wide association studies of breast cancer have identified eight additional breast cancer susceptibility loci: rs1011970 (9p21, CDKN2A/B), rs10995190 (ZNF365), rs704010 (ZMIZ1), rs2380205 (10p15), rs614367 (11q13), rs1292011 (12q24), rs10771399 (12p11 near PTHLH) and rs865686 (9q31.2). Methods To evaluate whether these single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are associated with breast cancer risk for BRCA1 and BRCA2 carriers, we genotyped these SNPs in 12,599 BRCA1 and 7,132 BRCA2 mutation carriers and analysed the associations with breast cancer risk within a retrospective likelihood framework. Results Only SNP rs10771399 near PTHLH was associated with breast cancer risk for BRCA1 mutation carriers (per-allele hazard ratio (HR) = 0.87, 95% CI: 0.81 to 0.94, P-trend = 3 × 10-4). The association was restricted to mutations proven or predicted to lead to absence of protein expression (HR = 0.82, 95% CI: 0.74 to 0.90, P-trend = 3.1 × 10-5, P-difference = 0.03). Four SNPs were associated with the risk of breast cancer for BRCA2 mutation carriers: rs10995190, P-trend = 0.015; rs1011970, P-trend = 0.048; rs865686, 2df-P = 0.007; rs1292011 2df-P = 0.03. rs10771399 (PTHLH) was predominantly associated with estrogen receptor (ER)-negative breast cancer for BRCA1 mutation carriers (HR = 0.81, 95% CI: 0.74 to 0.90, P-trend = 4 × 10-5) and there was marginal evidence of association with ER-negative breast cancer for BRCA2 mutation carriers (HR = 0.78, 95% CI: 0.62 to 1.00, P-trend = 0.049). Conclusions The present findings, in combination with previously identified modifiers of risk, will ultimately lead to more accurate risk prediction and an improved understanding of the disease etiology in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers

Isobel Noble, Anglais appliqué. Droit, Science politique

recension de l'ouvrage Anglais appliqué. Droit, Science politique publié à Paris : LGDJ Lextenso. 292 p., ISBN: 978-2-275-04119-3recension de l'ouvrage Anglais appliqué. Droit, Science politique publié à Paris : LGDJ Lextenso. 292 p., ISBN: 978-2-275-04119-

Quelle place occupe l'anglais juridique dans les offres de stages proposés par les cabinets d'avocats en Angleterre et au pays de Galles ?

International audienceThis paper analyses online documents posted by English solicitors' law firms to recruit law and non law undergraduates and graduates for work placement schemes and training contracts. Its aim is to determine the place devoted to legal English by studying the terms linked to the required training undergone by aspiring solicitors, their working environment and practices. Moreover, the author argues that the study of this specialised language can be integrated into the linguistic syllabus followed by French law students insomuch as it raises their awareness of the main differences between English and French legal studies and it widens their professional horizonsLe présent article analyse des documents mis en ligne par les cabinets d'avocats anglais pour recruter des étudiants ou des diplômés en droit et en matières non juridiques dans le cadre de stages d'observation et d'apprentissage. Il s'agit de déterminer quelle place occupe l'anglais juridique dans ces offres en étudiant les termes emblématiques à la fois de la formation suivie par les aspirants solicitors, de leur milieu professionnel ainsi que de leurs pratiques. De plus, l'étude de cette langue spécialisée peut occuper une place à part entière dans le cursus linguistique suivi par les étudiants français en droit dans la mesure où il peut leur faire prendre conscience des différences essentielles existant entre les cursus pour devenir avocat et solicitor des deux côtés de la Manche, et ainsi élargir leur horizon professionnel