Dependencia y capitales extranjeros en la Argentina a principios del siglo XXI

La idea del rol de los capitales extranjeros como promotores del desarrollo en las economías latinoamericanas tiene una larga trayectoria. En la Argentina ha sido impulsada por gobiernos de diversas tradiciones políticas, tanto desde la ortodoxia económica como en propuestas desarrollistas. Esto se ha visto reflejado en el papel destacado que la inversión extranjera ha tenido históricamente en el patrón de inserción externo, en la conformación y evolución de la estructura económica argentina y en el bloque de clases dominante; en especial durante la década del noventa, cuando se produjo un crecimiento sin precedentes del proceso de extranjerización, tanto por la intensidad y el ritmo de las inversiones extranjeras en el interior de la economía como si se lo compara con lo sucedido en otros países.Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educació

PRODUZINDO A SUBALTERNIDADE: AS MERENDEIRAS NOS DOCUMENTOS E INICIATIVAS DA GESTÃO FEDERAL DO PNAE

This paper deals with the lunch lady (Merendeira), a professional responsible for preparing school meals in Brazilian public schools and who plays a key role in achieving the goals of the National School Meals Program (PNAE): to contribute to the biopsychosocial growth and development, learning, school performance and the formation of healthy eating habits of students. Despite the importance of the lunch lady for the program, her educational potential is often invisible and unrecognized in the school environment. Because of this, this study aimed to investigate what are the documents and initiatives developed by the federal management of PNAE that involve the lunch lady and if they can contribute to the (de)valorization of her profession and her maintenance as a subject that does not participate in the decisions in the school environment, reinforcing her subaltern position. The document analysis allowed to verify that the program has a legal framework to strengthen and enhance the roles of the lunch ladies, especially concerning the role of educator. However, the analysis suggests that the actions are more focused on the scope of registration in the official discourse than on representation/representation, which can contribute to their social discredit and the consolidation of their role as a subordinate subject.En este artículo abordamos a la comensal (Merendeira), profesional responsable de la preparación de las comidas escolares en las escuelas públicas brasileñas y que desempeña un papel fundamental en la consecución de los objetivos del Programa Nacional de Alimentación Escolar (PNAE): contribuir al crecimiento y desarrollo biopsicosocial, al aprendizaje, al rendimiento escolar y a la formación de hábitos alimentarios saludables de los alumnos. A pesar de la importancia de la señora del almuerzo para el programa, su potencial educativo suele ser invisible y no se reconoce en el entorno escolar. Ante esto, este estudio tuvo como objetivo investigar cuáles son los documentos e iniciativas desarrolladas por la dirección federal del PNAE que involucran a la comensal y si pueden contribuir a la (des)valoración de su profesión y a su mantenimiento como un sujeto que no participa en las decisiones dentro de la escuela, reforzando su posición de subalternidad. El análisis documental permitió comprobar que el programa cuenta con un marco legal para fortalecer y potenciar las funciones de las comensales, especialmente en lo que respecta al rol de educadora. Sin embargo, el análisis sugiere que las acciones se centran más en el alcance del registro en el discurso oficial que en la representación/representación, lo que puede contribuir a su descrédito social y a la consolidación de su papel como sujeto subalterno. Neste trabalho tratamos da merendeira, profissional responsável pelo preparo da alimentação escolar das escolas públicas brasileiras e que exerce papel fundamental para o atingimento dos objetivos do Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar (PNAE): contribuir para o crescimento e desenvolvimento biopsicossocial, para a aprendizagem, para o rendimento escolar e para a formação de hábitos alimentares saudáveis dos estudantes. Apesar da importância da merendeira para o Programa, o seu potencial educativo é muitas vezes invisibilizado e não reconhecido no âmbito escolar. Diante disso, este estudo teve como objetivo averiguar quais são os documentos e iniciativas desenvolvidos pela gestão federal do PNAE que envolvem a merendeira e se podem contribuir com a (des)valorização da sua profissão e sua manutenção como sujeito não participante das decisões no âmbito escolar, reforçando sua posição de subalternidade. A análise documental permitiu verificar que o Programa possui arcabouço legal para fortalecer e valorizar os papéis das merendeiras, especialmente no que se refere à função de educadora. Porém, a análise sugere que as ações ficam mais voltadas para o âmbito da inscrição no discurso oficial do que no da representação/representatividade, o que pode contribuir para o seu desprestígio social e a consolidação da sua função enquanto sujeito subalterno. &nbsp

Possibilities and challenges of food and nutritional education in the PNAE : an analysis of federal management initiatives

A Educação Alimentar e Nutricional (EAN) é uma das diretrizes do Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar, o PNAE. Apesar da importância da EAN para o Programa, estudos demonstram diversos entraves para a sua consolidação nas escolas públicas brasileiras. Este estudo objetivou verificar as iniciativas de fomento e apoio as ações de EAN desenvolvidas no âmbito da gestão federal do PNAE a partir do ano de 2015 e se estão em consonância com o proposto no marco legal do PNAE. Para isso, foi realizada uma análise documental a fim de analisar as ações da gestão federal do PNAE que abordam este tema. O estudo permitiu identificar que as iniciativas de EAN possibilitam que o Programa se constitua em um espaço de aprendizagem, produção de conhecimento e formação de hábitos saudáveis de vida.Food and Nutrition Education (EAN) is one of the guidelines of the National School Feeding Program, the PNAE. Despite the importance of the EAN for the Program, studies demonstrate several obstacles to its consolidation in Brazilian public schools. This study aimed to verify the initiatives to promote and support EAN actions developed within the scope of PNAE’s federal management from 2015 onwards and whether they are in line with what is proposed in PNAE’s legal framework. A documental analysis was carriedout in order to analyze the actions of PNAE’s federal management that address this issue. The study made it possible to identify that the EAN initiatives allow the Program to become a space for learning, knowledge production and healthy lifestyle habits formation

Optimasi Portofolio Resiko Menggunakan Model Markowitz MVO Dikaitkan dengan Keterbatasan Manusia dalam Memprediksi Masa Depan dalam Perspektif Al-Qur`an

Risk portfolio on modern finance has become increasingly technical, requiring the use of sophisticated mathematical tools in both research and practice. Since companies cannot insure themselves completely against risk, as human incompetence in predicting the future precisely that written in Al-Quran surah Luqman verse 34, they have to manage it to yield an optimal portfolio. The objective here is to minimize the variance among all portfolios, or alternatively, to maximize expected return among all portfolios that has at least a certain expected return. Furthermore, this study focuses on optimizing risk portfolio so called Markowitz MVO (Mean-Variance Optimization). Some theoretical frameworks for analysis are arithmetic mean, geometric mean, variance, covariance, linear programming, and quadratic programming. Moreover, finding a minimum variance portfolio produces a convex quadratic programming, that is minimizing the objective function ðð¥with constraintsð ð 𥠥 ðandð´ð¥ = ð. The outcome of this research is the solution of optimal risk portofolio in some investments that could be finished smoothly using MATLAB R2007b software together with its graphic analysis

Impacts of the Tropical Pacific/Indian Oceans on the Seasonal Cycle of the West African Monsoon

The current consensus is that drought has developed in the Sahel during the second half of the twentieth century as a result of remote effects of oceanic anomalies amplified by local land–atmosphere interactions. This paper focuses on the impacts of oceanic anomalies upon West African climate and specifically aims to identify those from SST anomalies in the Pacific/Indian Oceans during spring and summer seasons, when they were significant. Idealized sensitivity experiments are performed with four atmospheric general circulation models (AGCMs). The prescribed SST patterns used in the AGCMs are based on the leading mode of covariability between SST anomalies over the Pacific/Indian Oceans and summer rainfall over West Africa. The results show that such oceanic anomalies in the Pacific/Indian Ocean lead to a northward shift of an anomalous dry belt from the Gulf of Guinea to the Sahel as the season advances. In the Sahel, the magnitude of rainfall anomalies is comparable to that obtained by other authors using SST anomalies confined to the proximity of the Atlantic Ocean. The mechanism connecting the Pacific/Indian SST anomalies with West African rainfall has a strong seasonal cycle. In spring (May and June), anomalous subsidence develops over both the Maritime Continent and the equatorial Atlantic in response to the enhanced equatorial heating. Precipitation increases over continental West Africa in association with stronger zonal convergence of moisture. In addition, precipitation decreases over the Gulf of Guinea. During the monsoon peak (July and August), the SST anomalies move westward over the equatorial Pacific and the two regions where subsidence occurred earlier in the seasons merge over West Africa. The monsoon weakens and rainfall decreases over the Sahel, especially in August.Peer reviewe

Search for heavy resonances decaying to two Higgs bosons in final states containing four b quarks

A search is presented for narrow heavy resonances X decaying into pairs of Higgs bosons (H) in proton-proton collisions collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC at root s = 8 TeV. The data correspond to an integrated luminosity of 19.7 fb(-1). The search considers HH resonances with masses between 1 and 3 TeV, having final states of two b quark pairs. Each Higgs boson is produced with large momentum, and the hadronization products of the pair of b quarks can usually be reconstructed as single large jets. The background from multijet and t (t) over bar events is significantly reduced by applying requirements related to the flavor of the jet, its mass, and its substructure. The signal would be identified as a peak on top of the dijet invariant mass spectrum of the remaining background events. No evidence is observed for such a signal. Upper limits obtained at 95 confidence level for the product of the production cross section and branching fraction sigma(gg -> X) B(X -> HH -> b (b) over barb (b) over bar) range from 10 to 1.5 fb for the mass of X from 1.15 to 2.0 TeV, significantly extending previous searches. For a warped extra dimension theory with amass scale Lambda(R) = 1 TeV, the data exclude radion scalar masses between 1.15 and 1.55 TeV

Measurement of the top quark forward-backward production asymmetry and the anomalous chromoelectric and chromomagnetic moments in pp collisions at √s = 13 TeV

Abstract The parton-level top quark (t) forward-backward asymmetry and the anomalous chromoelectric (d̂ t) and chromomagnetic (μ̂ t) moments have been measured using LHC pp collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, collected in the CMS detector in a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb−1. The linearized variable AFB(1) is used to approximate the asymmetry. Candidate t t ¯ events decaying to a muon or electron and jets in final states with low and high Lorentz boosts are selected and reconstructed using a fit of the kinematic distributions of the decay products to those expected for t t ¯ final states. The values found for the parameters are AFB(1)=0.048−0.087+0.095(stat)−0.029+0.020(syst),μ̂t=−0.024−0.009+0.013(stat)−0.011+0.016(syst), and a limit is placed on the magnitude of | d̂ t| < 0.03 at 95% confidence level. [Figure not available: see fulltext.

Measurement of t(t)over-bar normalised multi-differential cross sections in pp collisions at root s=13 TeV, and simultaneous determination of the strong coupling strength, top quark pole mass, and parton distribution functions

Peer reviewe

An embedding technique to determine ττ backgrounds in proton-proton collision data

An embedding technique is presented to estimate standard model tau tau backgrounds from data with minimal simulation input. In the data, the muons are removed from reconstructed mu mu events and replaced with simulated tau leptons with the same kinematic properties. In this way, a set of hybrid events is obtained that does not rely on simulation except for the decay of the tau leptons. The challenges in describing the underlying event or the production of associated jets in the simulation are avoided. The technique described in this paper was developed for CMS. Its validation and the inherent uncertainties are also discussed. The demonstration of the performance of the technique is based on a sample of proton-proton collisions collected by CMS in 2017 at root s = 13 TeV corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 41.5 fb(-1).Peer reviewe