Percepções socioambientais de estudantes de licenciatura em educação física de uma universidade pública de santa catarina

Este estudo descritivo-correlacional e quantitativo teve como objetivo associar as percepções socioambientais de estudantes universitários de Educação Física com suas características pessoais. Participaram 117 estudantes (70 do sexo feminino e 47 do sexo masculino) do curso de licenciatura em Educação Física de uma universidade pública do estado de Santa Catarina, os quais responderam a um questionário adaptado da base de instrumentos de percepção ambiental do Núcleo de Estudos em Percepção Ambiental da Faculdade Brasileira UNIVIX, (Vitória/ES). A análise dos dados envolveu a utilização de procedimentos descritivos (percentuais, média e desvio padrão) e inferenciais (teste de hipóteses Qui-quadrado), adotando-se nível de significância de 5%. Os estudantes envolvidos com atividades extracurriculares, que ingressaram na universidade há dois anos, ou menos, e que permanecem na instituição durante os períodos diurno e noturno participam mais de eventos da área socioambiental. Além disso, os estudantes não engajados em atividades extracurriculares costumam separar mais o lixo produzido enquanto estão no ambiente universitário.

Preservativo como expressão consensual das representações sociais sobre a AIDS entre jovens católicos / Condom as a consensual expression of social representations about AIDS among young Catholics

Objetivo: apreender o universo consensual e os sentidos representacionais elaborados por jovens católicos sobre a síndrome de imunodeficiência adquirida. Método: estudo qualitativo, fundamentado na Teoria das Representações Sociais, perspectiva estrutural, junto a 84 jovens católicos de ambos os sexos. Utilizou-se do Facebook para coleta de dados por meio das técnicas de Associação Livre de Palavra e Entrevista. Os dados foram analisados mediante análise de conteúdo lexical, realizada com os softwares Alceste e Evoc. Resultados: a análise da estrutura representacional revela consenso no grupo estudado. Para prevenção da aids, doença rodeada de medo/preconceito, a camisinha é apresentada como um dispositivo importante. Considerações finais: os jovens reconhecem que para a prevenção da aids, independente do contexto de vida das pessoas, o preservativo dá sentido a suas representações por agregar a ideia progressista do conhecimento científico

A motivação para a prática desportiva em escolares: implicações entre ensino diurno e noturno

This study aimed to investigate and compare sports motivation of students between nighttime and daytime education. A total of 222 high school students of both sexes from two public schools in the city of Guarapuava-PR participated in this research. The Sport Motivation Scale (SMS) questionnaire was used to verify sports motivation. After the collect, the data were tabulated and subjected to inferential statistical analysis as well as theoretical analysis through discussion with the specialized literature. The results showed that students who study at night have more satisfactory motivational levels when compared to students of daytime education, indicating, therefore, that nighttime study does not negatively interfere with sports practice.Este estudo teve como objetivo investigar e comparar a motivação esportiva entre escolares do ensino diurno e noturno. Participaram da pesquisa 222 escolares, de ambos os sexos, do ensino médio de duas escolas públicas da cidade de Guarapuava-PR. Para a verificação da motivação esportiva, foi utilizado o questionário Sport Motivation Scale (SMS). Após a coleta, os dados foram tabulados e submetidos a análises estatísticas inferenciais, bem como a análise teórica por meio da discussão com a literatura especializada. Posteriormente as análises, os resultados demonstraram que escolares do ensino noturno apresentam níveis motivacionais mais satisfatórios quando comparados com discentes do ensino diurno, indicando, portanto, que o estudo noturno não interfere negativamente na prática esportiva

The Fourteenth Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey: First Spectroscopic Data from the extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey and from the second phase of the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment

The fourth generation of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS-IV) has been in operation since July 2014. This paper describes the second data release from this phase, and the fourteenth from SDSS overall (making this, Data Release Fourteen or DR14). This release makes public data taken by SDSS-IV in its first two years of operation (July 2014-2016). Like all previous SDSS releases, DR14 is cumulative, including the most recent reductions and calibrations of all data taken by SDSS since the first phase began operations in 2000. New in DR14 is the first public release of data from the extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS); the first data from the second phase of the Apache Point Observatory (APO) Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE-2), including stellar parameter estimates from an innovative data driven machine learning algorithm known as "The Cannon"; and almost twice as many data cubes from the Mapping Nearby Galaxies at APO (MaNGA) survey as were in the previous release (N = 2812 in total). This paper describes the location and format of the publicly available data from SDSS-IV surveys. We provide references to the important technical papers describing how these data have been taken (both targeting and observation details) and processed for scientific use. The SDSS website (www.sdss.org) has been updated for this release, and provides links to data downloads, as well as tutorials and examples of data use. SDSS-IV is planning to continue to collect astronomical data until 2020, and will be followed by SDSS-V.Comment: SDSS-IV collaboration alphabetical author data release paper. DR14 happened on 31st July 2017. 19 pages, 5 figures. Accepted by ApJS on 28th Nov 2017 (this is the "post-print" and "post-proofs" version; minor corrections only from v1, and most of errors found in proofs corrected

A list of land plants of Parque Nacional do Caparaó, Brazil, highlights the presence of sampling gaps within this protected area

Brazilian protected areas are essential for plant conservation in the Atlantic Forest domain, one of the 36 global biodiversity hotspots. A major challenge for improving conservation actions is to know the plant richness, protected by these areas. Online databases offer an accessible way to build plant species lists and to provide relevant information about biodiversity. A list of land plants of “Parque Nacional do Caparaó” (PNC) was previously built using online databases and published on the website "Catálogo de Plantas das Unidades de Conservação do Brasil." Here, we provide and discuss additional information about plant species richness, endemism and conservation in the PNC that could not be included in the List. We documented 1,791 species of land plants as occurring in PNC, of which 63 are cited as threatened (CR, EN or VU) by the Brazilian National Red List, seven as data deficient (DD) and five as priorities for conservation. Fifity-one species were possible new ocurrences for ES and MG states

Geography and ecology shape the phylogenetic composition of Amazonian tree communities

Aim: Amazonia hosts more tree species from numerous evolutionary lineages, both young and ancient, than any other biogeographic region. Previous studies have shown that tree lineages colonized multiple edaphic environments and dispersed widely across Amazonia, leading to a hypothesis, which we test, that lineages should not be strongly associated with either geographic regions or edaphic forest types. Location: Amazonia. Taxon: Angiosperms (Magnoliids; Monocots; Eudicots). Methods: Data for the abundance of 5082 tree species in 1989 plots were combined with a mega-phylogeny. We applied evolutionary ordination to assess how phylogenetic composition varies across Amazonia. We used variation partitioning and Moran\u27s eigenvector maps (MEM) to test and quantify the separate and joint contributions of spatial and environmental variables to explain the phylogenetic composition of plots. We tested the indicator value of lineages for geographic regions and edaphic forest types and mapped associations onto the phylogeny. Results: In the terra firme and várzea forest types, the phylogenetic composition varies by geographic region, but the igapó and white-sand forest types retain a unique evolutionary signature regardless of region. Overall, we find that soil chemistry, climate and topography explain 24% of the variation in phylogenetic composition, with 79% of that variation being spatially structured (R$^{2}$ = 19% overall for combined spatial/environmental effects). The phylogenetic composition also shows substantial spatial patterns not related to the environmental variables we quantified (R$^{2}$ = 28%). A greater number of lineages were significant indicators of geographic regions than forest types. Main Conclusion: Numerous tree lineages, including some ancient ones (>66 Ma), show strong associations with geographic regions and edaphic forest types of Amazonia. This shows that specialization in specific edaphic environments has played a long-standing role in the evolutionary assembly of Amazonian forests. Furthermore, many lineages, even those that have dispersed across Amazonia, dominate within a specific region, likely because of phylogenetically conserved niches for environmental conditions that are prevalent within regions

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Photography-based taxonomy is inadequate, unnecessary, and potentially harmful for biological sciences

The question whether taxonomic descriptions naming new animal species without type specimen(s) deposited in collections should be accepted for publication by scientific journals and allowed by the Code has already been discussed in Zootaxa (Dubois & Nemésio 2007; Donegan 2008, 2009; Nemésio 2009a–b; Dubois 2009; Gentile & Snell 2009; Minelli 2009; Cianferoni & Bartolozzi 2016; Amorim et al. 2016). This question was again raised in a letter supported by 35 signatories published in the journal Nature (Pape et al. 2016) on 15 September 2016. On 25 September 2016, the following rebuttal (strictly limited to 300 words as per the editorial rules of Nature) was submitted to Nature, which on 18 October 2016 refused to publish it. As we think this problem is a very important one for zoological taxonomy, this text is published here exactly as submitted to Nature, followed by the list of the 493 taxonomists and collection-based researchers who signed it in the short time span from 20 September to 6 October 2016