Photobiomodulation in the treatment of xerostomia associated with hyposalivation in a pediatric patient with systemic scleroderma

Scleroderma is a rare autoimmune disease characterized by excessive collagen production. The oral manifestations of the patient with scleroderma can include microstomia, xerostomia, and changes in the resorption teeth. We report the case of a 7-year-old female patient diagnosed with systemic scleroderma where photobiomodulation therapy was used to treat xerostomia associated with hyposalivation. She attended a pediatric clinic and presented with dry and rigid facial skin, trismus, xerostomia, malocclusion, and difficulty swallowing. Stimulated salivary flow was assessed before, during, and after treatment. Photobiomodulation therapy was conducted at four points at the sublingual glands with 660 nm, 100 mW, and 0.8 J/cm2 to each point; eight points at the parotid glands; and six points at the submandibular glands with 808 nm, 100 mW, and 0.8 J/cm2 for 8 seconds at each point. After this therapy, an increase in salivary flow, remission of the xerostomia, and an improvement in mastication and swallowing were observed. Photobiomodulation therapy was effective in controlling xerostomia in this pediatric patient, resulting in increased salivary flow and an improvement in her quality of life

Processo de produção da aguardente e cachaça: Uma revisão / Process of production of the brandy and cachaça: A review

A cachaça tem sido objeto de práticas e políticas que pretendem melhorar a qualidade do produto e viabilizar sua comercialização internacional. O controle de qualidade das etapas de produção deve ser mantido durante todo o processo e agrega valor às características sensoriais do produto final. Dessa forma, esse trabalho tem como objetivo descrever o processo de produção da aguardente e cachaça. Trata-se de uma revisão de literatura narrativa. Com pesquisa nas bases de dados BVS, PubMed, SciELO e ScienceDirect. Foram selecionados estudos nacionais e internacionais, capítulos de livros, manuais digitais e a legislação brasileira relacionados com o objetivo do estudo no período de 1994 até 2020. O processo produtivo da aguardente ou cachaça pode ser dividido em: obtenção do mosto, fermentação, destilação e envelhecimento. Quando a colheita e o processamento da cana são realizados em boas condições espera-se melhor eficiência industrial, favorecendo a qualidade e reduzindo os custos de produção. O processo de extração do caldo é um dos fatores mais importantes que influenciam o rendimento do processo produtivo. Além disso, a levedura utilizada na fermentação tem que apresentar características que garantam o rendimento fermentativo. Durante a destilação, recomenda-se controlar parâmetros como: tempo de destilação, volume do destilado obtido e grau alcoólico das frações cabeça, coração e cauda. O envelhecimento vem se tornando uma prática comum entre os produtores, que tem como principal objetivo agregar valor ao produto, elevando sua qualidade, gerando maior rendimento financeiro e tornando-o mais competitivo no mercado. Os resultados deste estudo reuniram informações importantes sobre as etapas do processo de produção da aguardente. Dessa forma, orienta produtores / industrializadores a implantarem ações estratégicas para alcançar os padrões de identidade e qualidade previstos na legislação. Embora a indústria dessas bebidas esteja modernizada, ainda há muito a evoluir principalmente os pequenos produtores

A global experiment on motivating social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic

Finding communication strategies that effectively motivate social distancing continues to be a global public health priority during the COVID-19 pandemic. This cross-country, preregistered experiment (n = 25,718 from 89 countries) tested hypotheses concerning generalizable positive and negative outcomes of social distancing messages that promoted personal agency and reflective choices (i.e., an autonomy-supportive message) or were restrictive and shaming (i.e., a controlling message) compared with no message at all. Results partially supported experimental hypotheses in that the controlling message increased controlled motivation (a poorly internalized form of motivation relying on shame, guilt, and fear of social consequences) relative to no message. On the other hand, the autonomy-supportive message lowered feelings of defiance compared with the controlling message, but the controlling message did not differ from receiving no message at all. Unexpectedly, messages did not influence autonomous motivation (a highly internalized form of motivation relying on one’s core values) or behavioral intentions. Results supported hypothesized associations between people’s existing autonomous and controlled motivations and self-reported behavioral intentions to engage in social distancing. Controlled motivation was associated with more defiance and less long-term behavioral intention to engage in social distancing, whereas autonomous motivation was associated with less defiance and more short- and long-term intentions to social distance. Overall, this work highlights the potential harm of using shaming and pressuring language in public health communication, with implications for the current and future global health challenges

A multi-country test of brief reappraisal interventions on emotions during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The COVID-19 pandemic has increased negative emotions and decreased positive emotions globally. Left unchecked, these emotional changes might have a wide array of adverse impacts. To reduce negative emotions and increase positive emotions, we tested the effectiveness of reappraisal, an emotion-regulation strategy that modifies how one thinks about a situation. Participants from 87 countries and regions (n = 21,644) were randomly assigned to one of two brief reappraisal interventions (reconstrual or repurposing) or one of two control conditions (active or passive). Results revealed that both reappraisal interventions (vesus both control conditions) consistently reduced negative emotions and increased positive emotions across different measures. Reconstrual and repurposing interventions had similar effects. Importantly, planned exploratory analyses indicated that reappraisal interventions did not reduce intentions to practice preventive health behaviours. The findings demonstrate the viability of creating scalable, low-cost interventions for use around the world

Pharmacological evaluation of R(+)-pulegone on cardiac excitability: Role of potassium current blockage and control of action potential waveform

Introduction: R(+)-pulegone is a ketone monoterpene and it is the main constituent of essential oils in several plants. Previous studies provided some evidence that R(+)-pulegone may act on isolated cardiac myocytes. in this study, we evaluated in extended detail, the pharmacological effects of R(+)-pulegone on cardiac tissue.Methods: Using in vivo measurements of rat cardiac electrocardiogram (ECG) and patch-clamp technique in isolated myocytes we determinate the influence of R(+)-pulegone on cardiac excitability.Results: R(+)-pulegone delayed action potential repolarization (APR) in a concentration-dependent manner (EC50 = 775.7 +/- 1.48, 325.0 +/- 1.30, 469.3 +/- 1.91 mu M at 10, 50 and 90% of APR respectively). in line with prolongation of APR R(+)-pulegone, in a concentration-dependent manner, blocked distinct potassium current components (transient outward potassium current (I-to), rapid delayed rectifier potassium current (I-kr), inactivating steady state potassium current (I-ss) and inward rectifier potassium current (I-K1)) (EC50 = 1441 +/- 1.04; 605.0 +/- 1.22, 818.7 +/- 1.22; 1753 +/- 1.09 mu M for I-to, I-Kr, I-ss and I-K1, respectively). the inhibition occurred in a fast and reversible way, without changing the steady-state activation curve, but instead shifting to the left the steady-state inactivation curve (V-1/2 from -56.92 +/- 0.35 to 67.52 +/- 0.19 mV). in vivo infusion of 100 mg/kg R(+)-pulegone prolonged the QTc (similar to 40%) and PR (similar to 62%) interval along with reducing the heart rate by similar to 26%.Conclusion: Taken together, R(+)-pulegone prolongs the APR by inhibiting several cardiomyocyte current components in a concentration-dependent manner. This occurs through a direct block by R(+)pulegone of the channel pore, followed by a left shift on the steady state inactivation curve. Finally, R(+)-pulegone induced changes in some aspects of the ECG profile, which are in agreement with its effects on potassium channels of isolated cardiomyocytes. (C) 2014 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)FAPITEC/SEUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista Med, Dept Biofis, São Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Minas Gerais, Inst Ciencias Biol, Dept Bioquim & Imunol, Belo Horizonte, MG, BrazilUniv Estado Bahia, Dept Educ, Lab Lab Biofis & Farmacol Coracao, Guanambi, Bahia, BrazilUniv Fed Sergipe, Dept Fisiol, Lab Biofis Coracao, Aracaju, Sergipe, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista Med, Dept Biofis, São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Effect of Rapid High-Intensity Light-Curing on Increasing Transdentinal Temperature and Cell Viability: An In Vitro Study

Background: This study investigated effects of rapid high-intensity light-curing (3 s) on increasing transdentinal temperature and cell viability. Methods: A total of 40 dentin discs (0.5 mm) obtained from human molars were prepared, included in artificial pulp chambers (4.5 × 5 mm), and subjected to four light-curing protocols (n = 5), with a Valo Grand light curing unit: (i) 10 s protocol with a moderate intensity of 1000 mW/cm2 (Valo-10 s); (ii) 3 s protocol with a high intensity of 3200 mW/cm2 (Valo-3 s); (iii) adhesive system + Filtek Bulk-Fill Flow bulk-fill composite resin in 10 s (FBF-10 s); (iv) adhesive system + Tetric PowerFlow bulk-fill composite resin in 3 s (TPF-3 s). Transdentinal temperature changes were recorded with a type K thermocouple. Cell viability was assessed using the MTT assay. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey tests for comparison between experimental groups (p p p = 0.023) and Valo-3 s and TPF-3 s (p = 0.025), with a potential cytotoxic effect for the FBF-10 s and TPF-3 s groups. Conclusions: The 3 s rapid high-intensity light-curing protocol of bulk-fill composite resins caused a temperature increase greater than 10 s and showed cell viability similar to and comparable to the standard protocol

Author Correction: A multi-country test of brief reappraisal interventions on emotions during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Correction to: Nature Human Behaviour https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-021-01173-x, published online 2 August 2021. In the version of this article initially published, the following authors were omitted from the author list and the Author contributionssection for “investigation” and “writing and editing”: Nandor Hajdu (Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest,Hungary), Jordane Boudesseul (Facultad de Psicología, Instituto de Investigación Científica, Universidad de Lima, Lima, Perú), RafałMuda (Faculty of Economics, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Lublin, Poland) and Sandersan Onie (Black Dog Institute, UNSWSydney, Sydney, Australia & Emotional Health for All Foundation, Jakarta, Indonesia). In addition, Saeideh FatahModares’ name wasoriginally misspelled as Saiedeh FatahModarres in the author list. Further, affiliations have been corrected for Maria Terskova (NationalResearch University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia), Susana Ruiz Fernandez (FOM University of Applied Sciences,Essen; Leibniz-Institut fur Wissensmedien, Tubingen, and LEAD Research Network, Eberhard Karls University, Tubingen, Germany),Hendrik Godbersen (FOM University of Applied Sciences, Essen, Germany), Gulnaz Anjum (Department of Psychology, Simon FraserUniversity, Burnaby, Canada, and Department of Economics & Social Sciences, Institute of Business Administration, Karachi, Pakistan)

Author correction: A multi-country test of brief reappraisal interventions on emotions during the COVID-19 pandemic

Correction to: Nature Human Behaviour https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-021-01173-x, published online 2 August 2021. In the version of this article initially published, the following authors were omitted from the author list and the Author contributionssection for “investigation” and “writing and editing”: Nandor Hajdu (Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest,Hungary), Jordane Boudesseul (Facultad de Psicología, Instituto de Investigación Científica, Universidad de Lima, Lima, Perú), RafałMuda (Faculty of Economics, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Lublin, Poland) and Sandersan Onie (Black Dog Institute, UNSWSydney, Sydney, Australia & Emotional Health for All Foundation, Jakarta, Indonesia). In addition, Saeideh FatahModares’ name wasoriginally misspelled as Saiedeh FatahModarres in the author list. Further, affiliations have been corrected for Maria Terskova (NationalResearch University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia), Susana Ruiz Fernandez (FOM University of Applied Sciences,Essen; Leibniz-Institut fur Wissensmedien, Tubingen, and LEAD Research Network, Eberhard Karls University, Tubingen, Germany),Hendrik Godbersen (FOM University of Applied Sciences, Essen, Germany), Gulnaz Anjum (Department of Psychology, Simon FraserUniversity, Burnaby, Canada, and Department of Economics & Social Sciences, Institute of Business Administration, Karachi, Pakistan)