1,154 research outputs found
Two Different Methods For Kinematic Analysis Of Head Movements Relating To Eye-head Coordination In Infants
Background: Kinematic analysis is a method for quantitative assessment applied in different fields of study. In the field of motor development, this analysis may promote better understanding of the acquisition and development of motor skills. Objective: To develop and compare two experimental set-ups for kinematic analysis of head movements relating to eye-head coordination (EHC) in infants. Methods: Two experimental set-ups (A and B) were tested. They differed from each other regarding the numbers and locations of the cameras, and regarding the volume of the calibration system. Results: The accuracy of the two experimental set-ups was 2.47mm, thus indicating that both can provide realistic reconstructions of the movement. The three cameras used in set-up B made it possible to view the full range of motion with at least one of the cameras. This led to improvement of the qualitative analysis and reduction of the time taken to process quantitative data, which was 33% shorter than seen with set-up A. In addition, set-up B presented a better cost-benefit relationship. Conclusions: Although both set-ups were adequate for kinematic analysis of head movements relating to EHC in infants, set-up B is more advantageous. The methodology for set-up B can be used in studies investigating head movements in either typical or atypical infants. The results from such studies could be used to complement assessments on at-risk infants and consequently could assist in implementing early interventions.125425431Besier, T.F., Lloyd, D.G., Ackland, T.R., Cochrane, J.L., Antecipatory effects on knee joint loading during running and cutting maneuvers (2001) Med Sci Sports Exerc, 33 (7), pp. 1176-1181Lindquist, A.R.R., Silva, I.A.B., Barros, R.M.L., Mattioli, R., Salvini, T.F., A influência da estimulação elétrica funcional associada ao treinamento em esteira com suporte parcial de peso na marcha de hemiparéticos. (2005) Rev Bras Fisioter, 9 (1), pp. 109-112Lindquist, A.R.R., Prado, C.L., Barros, R.M.L., Mattioli, R., Costa, P.H.L., Salvini, T.F., Gait training combining partial body weight support, a treadmill, and functional electrical stimulation: Effects on poststroke gait (2007) Phys Ther, 87 (9), pp. 1144-1154Pieruccini-Faria, F., Menuchi, M.R.T.P., Vitorio, R., Gobbi, L.T.B., Stella, F., Gobbi, S., Parâmetros cinemáticos da marcha com obstáculos em idosos com doença de Parkinson, com e sem efeito da levodopa: Um estudo piloto. (2006) Rev Bras Fisioter, 10 (2), pp. 233-239Silva, J.B.F., Barros, R.M.L., Análise quantitativa e qualitativa dos sintomas de antecipação nas ações motoras de crianças. (2000) Rev Bras Cien Mov, 8 (2), pp. 19-24Barela, J.A., Godoi, D., Freitas, P.B., Polastri, P.F., Visual information and body sway coupling in infants during sitting acquisition (2000) Infant Behav Dev, 23 (3-4), pp. 285-297Barela, J.A., Jeka, J.J., Clark, J.E., Postural control in children: Coupling to dynamic somatosensory information (2003) Exp Brain Res, 150 (4), pp. 434-442Toledo, D.R., Rinaldi, N.M., Barela, J.A., Controle postural em crianças: Efeito da manipulação da informação visual discreta. (2006) Revista Brasileira de Comportamento Motor, 1 (1), pp. 82-88Godoi, D., Barela, J.A., Body sway and sensory motor coupling adaptation in children: Effects of distance manipulation (2008) Dev Psychobiol, 50 (1), pp. 77-87Thelen, E., Spencer, J.P., Postural control during reaching in young infants: A dynamic system approach (1998) Neurosci Biobehav Rev, 22 (4), pp. 507-514Fallang, B., Saugstad, O.D., Hadders-Algra, M., Goal directed reaching and postural control in supine position in healthy infants (2000) Behav Brain Res, 115 (1), pp. 9-18Rocha, N.A., Silva, F.P., Tudella, E., The impact of object size and rigidity on infant reaching (2006) Infant Behav Dev, 29 (2), pp. 251-261Rocha, N.A., Silva, F.P., Tudella, E., Influência do tamanho e da rigidez dos objetos nos ajustes proximais e distais do alcance de lactentes. (2006) Rev Bras Fisioter, 10 (3), pp. 263-269Carvalho, R.P., Tudella, E., Savelsbergh, G.J., Spatio-temporal parameters in infant's reaching movements are in. uenced by body orientation (2007) Infant Behav Dev, 30 (1), pp. 26-35Carvalho, R.P., Tudella, E., Caljouw, S.R., Savelsbergh, G.J., Early control of reaching: Effects of experience and body orientation (2008) Infant Behav Dev, 31 (1), pp. 23-33Bly, L., (1994) Motor skills acquisition in the first year, , San Antonio, Texas: Therapy Skills Builders;Erhardt, R.P., Developmental visual dysfunction (1993) Model for assessment and management. Maplewood, , MN: Therapy Skill Builders;von Hofsten, C., Rosander, K., The development of gaze control and predictive tracking in young infants (1996) Vision Res, 36 (1), pp. 81-96von Hofsten, C., Rosander, K., Development of smooth pursuit tracking in young infants (1997) Vison Res, 37 (13), pp. 1799-1810Bertenthal, B., von Hofsten, C., Eye, head and trunk control: The foundation for manual development (1998) Neurosci Biobehav Rev, 22 (4), pp. 515-520Barros, R.M.L., Brenzikofer, R., Leite, N.J., Figueiroa, P.J., Desenvolvimento e avaliação de um sistema para análise cinemática tridimensional de movimentos humanos. (1999) Rev Bras Eng Biomed, 15 (1-2), pp. 79-86Landgraf JF. Efeitos do acréscimo de peso nos chutes espontâneos de lactentes nos primeiros 2 meses de vida [dissertação de mestrado]. São Carlos: Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde2006Carvalho RP. A influência da postura corporal no movimento de alcance manual em lactentes de 4 meses de vida [dissertação de mestrado]. São Carlos: Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde2004Carvalho, R.P., Tudella, E., Barros, R.M.L., Utilização do sistema Dvideow na análise cinemática do alcance manual de lactentes. (2005) Rev Bras Fisioter, 9 (1), pp. 41-47Andrade LA. Análise da marcha: protocolo experimental a partir de variáveis cinemáticas e antropométricas [dissertação de mestrado]. Campinas: Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação Física2002Andrade, L.M., Araújo, A.G.N., Barros, R.M.L., Análise de marcha: Protocolo experimental para posicionamento e orientação dos segmentos do corpo humano baseado em sistemas de marcas técnicas. (2004) Revista Brasileira de Biomecânica, 5 (8), pp. 33-40Keller, F.J., Gettys, W.E., Skove, M.J., (1997) Física, , São Paulo, SP: Makron Books;Fantz, R.L., Patterns vision in newborn infants (1963) Science, 140 (3564), pp. 296-297Figueiroa, P.J., Leite, N.J., Barros, R.M., A flexible software for tracking of markers used in human motion analysis (2003) Comput Methods Programs Biomed, 72 (2), pp. 155-165Barros, R.M., Russomanno, T.G., Brenzikofer, R., Figueroa, P.J., A method to synchronise video cameras using the audio band (2006) J Biomech, 39 (4), pp. 776-78
Insights into the mechanism of MCT8 oligomerization
Mutations in the thyroid hormone transporter monocarboxylate transporter 8 (MCT8) result in MCT8 deficiency, characterized by severe intellectual and motor disability. The MCT8 protein is predicted to have 12 transmembrane domains (TMDs) and is expressed as monomers, homodimers, and homo-oligomers. This study aimed to delineate the mechanism o
Insights into the mechanism of MCT8 oligomerization
Supplemental material related to this submitted article will be made available here
Einstein energy associated with the Friedmann -Robertson -Walker metric
Following Einstein's definition of Lagrangian density and gravitational field
energy density (Einstein, A., Ann. Phys. Lpz., 49, 806 (1916); Einstein, A.,
Phys. Z., 19, 115 (1918); Pauli, W., {\it Theory of Relativity}, B.I.
Publications, Mumbai, 1963, Trans. by G. Field), Tolman derived a general
formula for the total matter plus gravitational field energy () of an
arbitrary system (Tolman, R.C., Phys. Rev., 35(8), 875 (1930); Tolman, R.C.,
{\it Relativity, Thermodynamics & Cosmology}, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1962));
Xulu, S.S., arXiv:hep-th/0308070 (2003)). For a static isolated system, in
quasi-Cartesian coordinates, this formula leads to the well known result , where is the
determinant of the metric tensor and is the energy momentum tensor of
the {\em matter}. Though in the literature, this is known as "Tolman Mass", it
must be realized that this is essentially "Einstein Mass" because the
underlying pseudo-tensor here is due to Einstein. In fact, Landau -Lifshitz
obtained the same expression for the "inertial mass" of a static isolated
system without using any pseudo-tensor at all and which points to physical
significance and correctness of Einstein Mass (Landau, L.D., and Lifshitz,
E.M., {\it The Classical Theory of Fields}, Pergamon Press, Oxford, 2th ed.,
1962)! For the first time we apply this general formula to find an expression
for for the Friedmann- Robertson -Walker (FRW) metric by using the same
quasi-Cartesian basis. As we analyze this new result, physically, a spatially
flat model having no cosmological constant is suggested. Eventually, it is seen
that conservation of is honoured only in the a static limit.Comment: By mistake a marginally different earlier version was loaded, now the
journal version is uploade
Synthesis of aminodiarylamines in the thieno[3,2-b]pyridine series and effects on tumor cell growth inhibition, cell cycle and apoptosis
Several series of compounds that include the
thienopyridine scaffold have been reported as
inhibitors of known cancer therapeutic targets or
as inhibitors of cell proliferation in tumor cell lines
[1,2]. Our research group has already
synthesized several thieno[3,2-b]pyridine
derivatives by Pd-catalyzed C-C (Suzuki and
Sonogashira) and C-N (Buchwald-Hartwig)
couplings and some of them have presented
tumor cell growth inhibitory activity in cell lines [3-
5]
Genetic Diversity Of Pacu And Piapara Broodstocks In Restocking Programs In The Rivers Paraná And Paranapanema (brazil)
The genetic diversity of Piaractus mesopotamicus (pacu) and Leporinus elongatus (piapara) broodstocks used in restocking programs in the rivers Paraná and Paranapanema is analyzed. One hundred and twenty specimens (two broodstocks of each species) from fish ponds in Palotina PR Brazil and in Salto Grande SP Brazil were assessed. Ten primers produced 96 fragments, comprising 68 (70.83%) and 94 (97.92%) polymorphic fragments for P. mesopotamicus and L. elongatus broodstocks, respectively. Differences (p <0.05) in the frequency of 15 and 27 fragments were detected for each species, without exclusive fragments. Shannon Index (0.347-0.572) and the percentage of polymorphic fragments (57.3%-94.8%) revealed high intra-population genetic variability for all broodstocks. Results of molecular variance analyses (AMOVA) showed that most variations do not lie between the broodstocks but within each broodstock (89%). Genetic (0.088 and 0.142) and identity (0.916 and 0.868) distance rates demonstrated similarity between the broodstocks of each species, corroborated by Fst (0.1023 and 010.27) and Nm (4.18 and 4.33) rates, with a slight genetic difference due to genic flux. High intrapopulation genetic variability and similarity between the broodstocks of each species was also detected, proving a common ancestry.3742365237
SU(4) Instantons on Calabi-Yau Threefolds with Z_2 x Z_2 Fundamental Group
Structure group SU(4) gauge vacua of both weakly and strongly coupled
heterotic superstring theory compactified on torus-fibered Calabi-Yau
threefolds Z with Z_2 x Z_2 fundamental group are presented. This is
accomplished by constructing invariant, stable, holomorphic rank four vector
bundles on the simply connected cover of Z. Such bundles can descend either to
Hermite-Yang-Mills instantons on Z or to twisted gauge fields satisfying the
Hermite-Yang-Mills equation corrected by a non-trivial flat B-field. It is
shown that large families of such instantons satisfy the constraints imposed by
particle physics phenomenology. The discrete parameter spaces of those families
are presented, as well as a lower bound on the dimension of the continuous
moduli of any such vacuum. In conjunction with Z_2 x Z_2 Wilson lines, these
SU(4) gauge vacua can lead to standard-like models at low energy with an
additional U(1)_{B-L} symmetry. This U(1)_{B-L} symmetry is very helpful in
naturally suppressing nucleon decay.Comment: 68 pages, no figure
New di(hetero)arylethers and di(hetero)arylamines in the thieno[3,2-b]pyridine series: Synthesis, growth inhibitory activity on human tumor cell lines and non-tumor cells, effects on cell cycle and on programmed cell death
New fluorinated and methoxylated di(hetero)arylethers and di(hetero)arylamines were prepared functionalizing the 7-position of the thieno[3,2-blpyridine, using copper (C-O) or palladium (C N) catalyzed couplings, respectively, of the 7-bromothieno[3,2-blpyridine, also prepared, with ortho, meta and para fluoro or methoxy phenols and anilines. The compounds obtained were evaluated for their growth inhibitory activity on the human tumor cell lines MCF-7 (breast adenocarcinoma), NCI-H460 (non-small cell lung cancer), HCI15 (colon carcinoma), HepG2 (hepatocellular carcinoma) and HeLa (cervical carcinoma). The most active compounds, a di(hetero)arylether with a methoxy group in the meta position relative to the ether function and two di(hetero)arylamines with a methoxy group either in the ortho or in the meta position relative to the NH, were further tested at their GI(50) concentrations on NCI-H460 cells causing pronounced alterations in the cell cycle profile and a strong and significant increase in the programmed death of these cells. The fluorinated and the other methoxylated compounds did not show important activity, presenting high GI(50) values in all the cell lines tested. Furthermore, the hepatotoxicity of the compounds was assessed using porcine liver primary cells (PLP2), established by some of us. Results showed that one of the most active compounds was not toxic to the non-tumor cells at their GI(50) concentrations showing to be the most promising as antitumoral.The authors would like to thank to the Foundation for the Science and Technology (PCT Portugal) for financial support through the NMR Portuguese network (Bruker 400 Avance III-Univ Minho); to FCT and FEDER-COMPETE/QREN/EU for financial support through the research unities PEst-C/QUI/UI686/2011 and PEst-OE/AGR/UI0690/2011, the research project PTDC/QUI-QUI/111060/2009 and the post-Doctoral grants attributed to R.C.C. (SFRH/BPD/68344/2010) and R.T.L. (SRH/BPD/68787/2010). IPATIMUP is an Associate Laboratory of the Portuguese Ministry of Science, Technology and Higher Education and is partially supported by FCT
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