111 research outputs found
A three-group study, internet-based, face-to-face based and standard- management after acute whiplash associated disorders (WAD) – choosing the most efficient and cost-effective treatment: study protocol of a randomized controlled trial
- Author
- A Bandura
- A Bellg
- A Jerome
- A Pollard
- A Söderlund
- A Söderlund
- A Söderlund
- A Söderlund
- A Söderlund
- A Söderlund
- AK Rosenstiel
- Anne Söderlund
- Annika Bring
- B Resnick
- D Moher
- D Turk
- E Altmaier
- E Denison
- G Andersson
- G Andersson
- G Kobelt
- I Jensen
- J Brazier
- J Carette
- J Lethem
- J Turner
- J Twisk
- J Vlaeyen
- JW Vlaeyen
- K Davidson
- K Mealy
- L Barnsley
- L Bunketorp
- L Bunketorp
- L Holm
- L McKinney
- L McKinney
- LO Persson
- M Buhrman
- M Goossens
- M Peolsson
- M Rosenfeld
- M Sullivan
- M Sullivan
- M Sullivan
- P Carlbring
- P Radanov
- P Åsenlof
- P Åsenlöf
- P Åsenlöf
- Pernilla Åsenlöf
- R Taylor
- RC Tait
- S Linton
- T Vassiliou
- WO Spitzer
- Publication venue
- BioMed Central
- Publication date
- 01/01/2009
- Field of study
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The management of Whiplash Associated Disorders is one of the most complicated challenges with high expenses for the health care system and society. There are still no general guidelines or scientific documentation to unequivocally support any single treatment for acute care following whiplash injury.</p> <p>The main purpose of this study is to try a new behavioural medicine intervention strategy at acute phase aimed to reduce the number of patients who have persistent problems after the whiplash injury. The goal is also to identify which of three different interventions that is most cost-effective for patients with Whiplash Associated Disorders. In this study we are controlling for two factors. First, the effect of behavioural medicine approach is compared with standard care. Second, the manner in which the behavioural medicine treatment is administered, Internet or face-to-face, is evaluated in it's effectiveness and cost-effectiveness.</p> <p>Methods/Design</p> <p>The study is a randomized, prospective, experimental three-group study with analyses of cost-effectiveness up to two-years follow-up. <it>Internet – based programme </it>and <it>face-to-face group treatment programme </it>are compared to <it>standard-treatment </it>only. Patient follow-ups take place three, six, twelve and 24 months, that is, short-term as well as long-term effects are evaluated. Patients will be enrolled via the emergency ward during the first week after the accident.</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>This new self-help management will concentrate to those psychosocial factors that are shown to be predictive in long-term problems in Whiplash Associated Disorders, i.e. the importance of self-efficacy, fear of movement, and the significance of catastrophizing as a coping strategy for restoring and sustaining activities of daily life. Within the framework of this project, we will develop, broaden and evaluate current physical therapy treatment methods for acute Whiplash Associated Disorders. The project will contribute to the creation of a cost-effective behavioural medicine approach to management of acute Whiplash Associated Disorders. The results of this study will answer an important question; on what extent and how should these patients be treated at acute stage and how much does the best management cost.</p> <p>Trial registration number</p> <p>Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN61531337</p
Neural Correlates of Visual Motion Prediction
- Author
- A Amedi
- A Cowey
- A Ishai
- A Kaas
- A Kubler
- A Mechelli
- A Vance
- AC Huk
- AD Craig
- AE Seiffert
- AT Sack
- AT Smith
- BJ Casey
- C De Las Cuevas
- C Liston
- CD Salzman
- CR Hussar
- D Lloyd
- D Tomasi
- D Zaksas
- Daniel Cheong
- DJ Felleman
- DJ McKeefry
- DJ Simmonds
- E Richards
- EA Maguire
- G Beckers
- G Beckers
- G Bush
- G Iaria
- GA Orban
- GH Glover
- GR Fink
- H Koshino
- HR Rodman
- J Lewald
- J Liu
- J Liu
- J O’Keefe
- JA Anguera
- JA Sweeney
- JC Culham
- JC Culham
- JD Edwards
- JG Taylor
- JG Vaidya
- JH Zar
- JHR Maunsell
- Jing Liu
- JL Mozolic
- JM Fincham
- JN Kaufman
- Jon-Kar Zubieta
- JS Mayer
- JT Serences
- JW Bisley
- JW Bisley
- JW Bisley
- JW Lewis
- K Cheng
- K Podzebenko
- K Umla-Runge
- KA Kiehl
- KA McKiernan
- KD Singh
- KH Britten
- L Jerome
- M Brett
- M Kawasaki
- M Rangaswamy
- MC Davidson
- ME Raichle
- ME Raichle
- Michelle Hampson
- MP Kirschen
- MS Cohen
- N Benguigui
- N Matthews
- P Rama
- PD Howe
- PJ Laurienti
- PP Thakral
- PR DeLucia
- R Goebel
- R Hester
- R Lencer
- RA Barkley
- RB Tootell
- RZ Goldstein
- SD Slotnick
- SM Brown
- SM Daselaar
- SW MacDonald
- SW Park
- T Hartley
- T Schicke
- TD Albright
- V Menon
- V Menon
- W Chau
- W Yoshida
- Y Isomura
- ZW Pylyshyn
- Publication venue
- Public Library of Science
- Publication date
- 01/01/2012
- Field of study
Predicting the trajectories of moving objects in our surroundings is important for many life scenarios, such as driving, walking, reaching, hunting and combat. We determined human subjects’ performance and task-related brain activity in a motion trajectory prediction task. The task required spatial and motion working memory as well as the ability to extrapolate motion information in time to predict future object locations. We showed that the neural circuits associated with motion prediction included frontal, parietal and insular cortex, as well as the thalamus and the visual cortex. Interestingly, deactivation of many of these regions seemed to be more closely related to task performance. The differential activity during motion prediction vs. direct observation was also correlated with task performance. The neural networks involved in our visual motion prediction task are significantly different from those that underlie visual motion memory and imagery. Our results set the stage for the examination of the effects of deficiencies in these networks, such as those caused by aging and mental disorders, on visual motion prediction and its consequences on mobility related daily activities
A multi-ethnic genome-wide association study implicates collagen matrix integrity and cell differentiation pathways in keratoconus
- Author
- Aldave Anthony J
- Ali Manir
- Baird Paul N
- Burdon Kathryn P
- Bykhovskaya Yelena
- Cao Ke
- Chan Elsie
- Charlesworth Jac C
- Chen Yii-Der Ida
- Choquet Hélène
- Craig Jamie E
- Daniell Mark D
- Davidson Alice E
- Dudakova Lubica
- Faro Valeria Lo
- Farraj Layal Abi
- Geerards Annette JM
- Habeeb Mahmoud
- Hammond Chris J
- Hardcastle Alison J
- Haudum Christoph W
- Hewitt Alex W
- Hysi Pirro G
- Inglehearn Chris F
- Iyengar Sudha K
- Jorgenson Eric
- Khawaja Anthony P
- Klaver Caroline CW
- Krauss Ronald M
- Li Xiaohui
- Liskova Petra
- Lopez Karla E Rojas
- Lucas Sionne EM
- MacGregor Stuart
- McComish Bennet J
- Meester-Smoor Magda A
- Melles Ronald B
- Mills Richard A
- Mitchell Paul A
- O'Brart David
- Patasova Karina
- Pontikos Nikolas
- Rabinowitz Yaron S
- Rahi Jugnoo S
- Ramdas Wishal D
- Rice Aine
- Richardson Andrea J
- Rotter Jerome I
- Sahebjada Srujana
- Siddiqui Salina
- Simcoe Mark J
- Skalicka Pavlina
- Szczotka-Flynn Loretta
- Taylor Kent D
- Tenen Abi
- Theusch Elisabeth
- Toomes Carmel
- Tuft Stephen J
- Van Dooren Bart TH
- Wang Jie Jin
- Yarrand Darioush
- Yin Jie
- Publication venue
- 'Springer Science and Business Media LLC'
- Publication date
- 01/03/2021
- Field of study
Keratoconus is characterised by reduced rigidity of the cornea with distortion and focal thinning that causes blurred vision, however, the pathogenetic mechanisms are unknown. It can lead to severe visual morbidity in children and young adults and is a common indication for corneal transplantation worldwide. Here we report the first large scale genome-wide association study of keratoconus including 4,669 cases and 116,547 controls. We have identified significant association with 36 genomic loci that, for the first time, implicate both dysregulation of corneal collagen matrix integrity and cell differentiation pathways as primary disease-causing mechanisms. The results also suggest pleiotropy, with some disease mechanisms shared with other corneal diseases, such as Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy. The common variants associated with keratoconus explain 12.5% of the genetic variance, which shows potential for the future development of a diagnostic test to detect susceptibility to disease
Whole-genome sequencing reveals host factors underlying critical COVID-19
- Author
- Abd Elghafar M. S.
- Abdel-Aziz M.
- Abdelrazik M.
- Abdollahi H.
- Abdullah T.
- Abecasis G. R.
- Abedalthagafi M.
- Abel L.
- Abernathy C.
- Abraheem A.
- Abul-Husn N. S.
- Acquilini D.
- Adams C.
- Adams E. L.
- Adams K.
- Adamsara A.
- Adanini O.
- Adeleye O.
- Adra D.
- Afilalo J.
- Afilalo M.
- Afolabi D.
- Afrasiabi Z.
- Agasou A.
- Agrawal S.
- Aguero D.
- Ahmad N.
- Ahmadi S.
- Ahmed A.
- Ahmed C.
- Akeroyd L.
- Akhtar M. N.
- Akinkugbe O.
- Aksentijevich A.
- Al-Afghani H.
- Al-Awdah L.
- Alaamery M.
- Alahmadey Z. Z.
- Alaverdian D.
- Alavere H.
- Albader A.
- Albaiceta G. M.
- Albakri J. K.
- AlBardis H.
- Albeladi M.
- Albesher N.
- Albrich W.
- AlDhawi N.
- Aldridge J.
- Aleagha A. E.
- Alexander P.
- Alfonso J.
- Alghamdi B.
- Alghamdi J.
- Ali A.
- Ali A.
- Ali I. A. M.
- Ali S.
- Aliannejad R.
- Aljawini N.
- AlJohani S.
- Alkwai S.
- Allan A.
- Allan E.
- Allan J.
- Alldis Z.
- Allen L.
- Allen M.
- Allen S.
- Allibone S.
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- Allos R.
- Ally S. M.
- AlMalik A.
- Almalki F.
- Almohammed I.
- Almutairi M.
- Alotaibi S.
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- Andolfo I.
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- Zyndorf M.
- Publication venue
- 'Springer Science and Business Media LLC'
- Publication date
- 01/01/2022
- Field of study
Critical COVID-19 is caused by immune-mediated inflammatory lung injury. Host genetic variation influences the development of illness requiring critical care1 or hospitalization2–4 after infection with SARS-CoV-2. The GenOMICC (Genetics of Mortality in Critical Care) study enables the comparison of genomes from individuals who are critically ill with those of population controls to find underlying disease mechanisms. Here we use whole-genome sequencing in 7,491 critically ill individuals compared with 48,400 controls to discover and replicate 23 independent variants that significantly predispose to critical COVID-19. We identify 16 new independent associations, including variants within genes that are involved in interferon signalling (IL10RB and PLSCR1), leucocyte differentiation (BCL11A) and blood-type antigen secretor status (FUT2). Using transcriptome-wide association and colocalization to infer the effect of gene expression on disease severity, we find evidence that implicates multiple genes—including reduced expression of a membrane flippase (ATP11A), and increased expression of a mucin (MUC1)—in critical disease. Mendelian randomization provides evidence in support of causal roles for myeloid cell adhesion molecules (SELE, ICAM5 and CD209) and the coagulation factor F8, all of which are potentially druggable targets. Our results are broadly consistent with a multi-component model of COVID-19 pathophysiology, in which at least two distinct mechanisms can predispose to life-threatening disease: failure to control viral replication; or an enhanced tendency towards pulmonary inflammation and intravascular coagulation. We show that comparison between cases of critical illness and population controls is highly efficient for the detection of therapeutically relevant mechanisms of disease
Analysis of shared heritability in common disorders of the brain
- Author
- Adams Hieab H.H.
- Air Tracy
- Al-Chalabi Ammar
- Alda Martin
- Alegret Montserrat
- Alfredsson Lars
- Amouyel Philippe
- Andlauer Till F.M.
- Andreassen Ole A.
- Anjorin Adebayo
- Anney Richard
- Anttila Verneri
- Arias Vasquez Alejandro
- Arking Dan
- Arnold Paul
- Arranz Maria Jesús
- Artto Ville
- Aschauer Harald
- Attia John
- Avbersek Andreja
- Bacchelli Elena
- Bailey Anthony
- Baker Jessica H.
- Bal Vanessa
- Banaschewski Tobias
- Barnes Lisa L.
- Barr Cathy L.
- Battaglia Agatino
- Battey Thomas
- Bau Claiton H.D.
- Bauer Michael
- Baum Larry
- Baune Bernhard T.
- Bayer Anthony
- Beach Thomas G.
- Becker Felicitas
- Bedoya-Berrio Gabriel
- Beekman Aartjan TF
- Beiser Alexa
- Belin Andrea C.
- Bergen Andrew W.
- Bergen Sarah E
- Berkovic Samuel
- Berr Claudine
- Betancur Catalina
- Bevan Steve
- Bienvenu O. Joseph
- Bis Joshua C
- Blackwood Douglas
- Boada Mercè
- Boland Anne
- Bolton Patrick
- Boncoraglio Giorgio
- Boomsma Dorret
- Boraska Perica Vesna
- Borck Guntram
- Bradfield Jonathan
- Bramon Elvira
- Bras Jose
- Breen Gerome
- Brentani Helena
- Buccola Nancy
- Buitelaar Jan K.
- Bulik Cynthia M.
- Bulik-Sullivan Brendan
- Buono Russell
- Buring Julie E.
- Burton Christie
- Børglum Anders D.
- Cahn Wiepke
- Cairns Murray
- Camarena Beatriz
- Cantor Rita
- Cappi Carolina
- Casas Miguel
- Catarino Claudia B.
- Cath Danielle
- Cavallini Maria
- Celestino-Soper Patrícia
- Chasman Daniel I.
- Chen Wei-Min
- Cheng Wei
- Chong Siow A.
- Chouraki Vincent
- Churchhouse Claire
- Cichon Sven
- Clementi Maurizio
- Cloninger Robert
- Cohen David
- Cohen-Woods Sarah
- Cook Edwin
- Cormand Bru
- Corvin Aiden
- Cossette Patrick
- Cotsapas Chris
- Craddock Nick
- Crespo-Facorro Benedicto
- Crosbie Jennifer
- Crowley James
- Cruceanu Cristiana
- Cruchaga Carlos
- Cuenca-Leon Ester
- Curtis David
- Cusi Daniele
- Czerski Piotr M.
- Dalsgaard Soeren
- Daly Mark
- Danner Unna N.
- Darrow Sabrina
- Davidson Michael
- Davis Oliver S. P.
- Dawson Geraldine
- de Geus Eco
- De Jager Philip L.
- De Jonghe Peter
- De Rubeis Silvia
- De-Luca Daniel Moreno-
- Degenhardt Franziska
- Deleuze Jean-François
- DeLisi Lynn
- Delorme Richard
- Demirci F. Yesim
- Dempfle Astrid
- Denys Damiaan
- Depienne Christel
- Depondt Chantal
- Derks Eske M.
- Dichgans Martin
- Dick Danielle M.
- Dietrich Andrea
- Dinan Timothy
- Dlugos Dennis
- Docampo Elisa
- Donohoe Gary
- Doyle Alysa E.
- Drapeau Elodie
- Duan Jubao
- Duncan Laramie
- Dunn Erin
- Duque Frederico
- Duron Emmanuelle
- Edenberg Howard J.
- Ehrlich Stefan
- Elia Josephine
- Eriksson Nicholas
- Escott-Price Valentina
- Espeseth Thomas
- Falcone Guido J.
- Faraone Stephen V.
- Farh Kai-How
- Farrer Lindsay A.
- Fernandez Thomas
- Ferrari Michel D.
- Ferraro Thomas N.
- Ferrier I. Nicol
- Figee Martijn
- Finucane Hilary K.
- Fischer Sascha B.
- Forstner Andreas J.
- Forzan Monica
- Fox Nick C.
- Franke Barbara
- Freilinger Tobias
- Freimer Nelson
- Freitag Christine
- French Jacqueline
- Fullerton Janice M.
- Furlotte Nicholas
- Gasser Thomas
- Gejman Pablo V.
- Gerber Gloria
- Gershon Elliot S.
- Geschwind Daniel H.
- Gibbs Raphael
- Goate Alison M.
- Goes Fernando S.
- Gonidakis Fragiskos
- Gordon Scott D.
- Gormley Padhraig
- Grabe Hans-Jorgen
- Grados Marco
- Gratacos Monica
- Green Andrew
- Greenberg Erica
- Grenier-Boley Benjamin
- Grevet Eugenio H.
- Grigoroiu-Serbanescu Maria
- Grove Jakob
- Guerreiro Rita
- Guzman-Parra José
- Göbel Hartmut
- Haan Lieuwe
- Haavik Jan
- Hakonarson Hakon
- Halmi Katherine A.
- Hampel Harald
- Hanna Gregory L.
- Hannequin Didier
- Hansen Thomas
- Harold Denise
- Hartmann Andreas
- Hauser Joanna
- Head Elizabeth
- Heinzen Erin L.
- Helder Sietske G.
- Henskens Frans
- Herms Stefan
- Herpertz-Dahlmann Beate
- Hervas Amaia
- Heutink Peter
- Hickie Ian
- Hirschtritt Matthew E.
- Hjalgrim Helle
- Hoekstra Pieter J.
- Hoffmann Per
- Holliday Elizabeth
- Holmans Peter
- Homuth Georg
- Hottenga Jouke-Jan
- Hougaard David
- Hrafnsdottir Maria
- Huang Alden
- Huang Hailiang
- Huang Jie
- Huckins Laura M.
- Hudson James I.
- Huentelman Matthew J.
- Hulette Christine M.
- Huyser Chaim
- Hyman Bradley T.
- Hämäläinen Eija
- Illmann Cornelia
- Jamain Stéphane
- Jamnadas-Khoda Jennifer
- Jansen Rick
- Jenike Michael
- Jicha Gregory A.
- Johansson Stefan
- Jones Ian R.
- Julià Antonio
- Kamatani Yoichiro
- Kamboh M. Ilyas
- Kaprio Jaakko
- Karachanak-Yankova Sena
- Karwautz Andreas
- Kaunisto Mari
- Kauwe John S.K.
- Kaye Jeffrey A.
- Kaye Walter
- Kendler Kenneth S.
- Keski-Rahkonen Anna
- Khrunin Andrey
- Klauck Sabine M.
- Klovins Janis
- Knowles James A.
- Koeleman Bobby
- Konkashbaev Anuar
- Kornhuber Johannes
- Kourkoulis Christina
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- Kuntsi Jonna
- Kunz Wolfram S.
- Kuperman Samuel
- Kurki Mitja I.
- Kurth Tobias
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- Kälviäinen Reetta
- Langley Kate
- Lanzagorta Nuria
- Larson Eric B.
- Lawlor Brian
- Leber Markus
- Leboyer Marion
- Lee Chee Keong Jimmy
- Lee Phil H.
- Lehtimäki Terho
- Lerche Holger
- Lesch Klaus-Peter
- Letenneur Luc
- Leu Costin
- Leventhal Bennett
- Leverenz James B.
- Levey Allan I.
- Levitt Pat
- Lewis Cathryn M.
- Li Qingqin S.
- Lieberman Andrew P.
- Ligthart Lannie
- Limborska Svetlana
- Lindhout Dick
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- Lo Warren
- Lochner Christine
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- Loughland Carmel
- Lowenstein Daniel
- Lundervold Astri J.
- Lupton Michelle K.
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- Lönnqvist Jouko
- Maaser Anna
- Macaya Alfons
- Macciardi Fabio
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- Maestrini Elena
- Magalhaes Tiago
- Maher Brion
- Maj Mario
- Malaty Irene A.
- Malik Rainer
- Mane Shrikant
- Mannik Katrin
- Maras Athanasios
- Markus Hugh
- Marson Anthony
- Martin Nicholas G.
- Martinez Maria
- Mathews Carol A.
- Mattheisen Manuel
- Matthews Keith
- Mattingsdal Morten
- Mayoral Fermin
- McCormack Mark
- McDonald Colm
- McGough James J.
- McGrath Lauren
- McIntosh Andrew
- McLaughlin Nicole
- McQuillin Andrew
- Mead Simon
- Medland Sarah E.
- Mehta Divya
- Melle Ingrid
- Metspalu Andres
- Middeldorp Christel M.
- Miguel Eurípedes C.
- Mir Pablo
- Mitchell Braxton
- Mitchell James
- Mitchell Philip B.
- Mok Kin Y.
- Molloy Anne
- Molly Nikolas
- Monteleone Palmiero
- Montgomery Grant W.
- Morgan Kevin
- Morris Derek
- Morris Huw R.
- Muller-Myhsok Bertram
- Murphy Kieran C.
- Murray Robin
- Møller Rikke S.
- Mühleisen Thomas W.
- Nauck Matthias
- Neale Benjamin M.
- Nenadic Igor
- Nestadt Gerald
- Nestadt Paul S.
- Ng Ping-Wing
- Nicolini Humberto
- Nyholt Dale R.
- Nöthen Markus M.
- Oades Robert D.
- Oh Sang-Yun
- Okun Michael S.
- Olesen Jes
- Oliver Karen
- Ophoff Roel
- Owen Michael J.
- O’Toole Julie K.
- Padyukov Leonid
- Pakstis Andrew
- Palmason Haukur
- Palotie Aarno
- Palta Priit
- Pankratz Vernon S.
- Pantelis Christos
- Papezova Hana
- Parr Jeremy
- Paschou Peristera
- Passmore Peter
- Pato Carlos
- Pato Michele
- Patsopoulos Nikolaos A.
- Penninx Brenda
- Pera Joana
- Pergadia Michele
- Petryshen Tracey
- Piacentini John
- Pinto Dalila
- Pittenger Christopher
- Plessen Kerstin
- Poon Wayne W.
- Porteous David
- Posthuma Danielle
- Potash James B.
- Pozo-Rosich Patricia
- Price Alkes
- Privitera Michael
- Proitsi Petra
- Pulit Sara
- Quested Digby
- Quinn Joseph F.
- Rabionet Raquel
- Radtke Rodney
- Raevuori Anu
- Raffeld Miriam
- Ramensky Vasily
- Ramos Eliana M.
- Ramos-Quiroga Josep Antoni
- Ran Caroline
- Ransmayr Gerhard
- Regan Regina
- Reichborn-Kjennerud Ted
- Reichenberg Abraham
- Reif Andreas
- Reinbold Céline S.
- Reitz Christiane
- Reus Victor
- Ribasés Marta
- Rice John
- Rice Kenneth
- Richter Margaret A.
- Riddle Mark A.
- Riedel-Heller Steffi
- Riemenschneider Matthias
- Rietschel Marcella
- Ripatti Samuli
- Ripke Stephan
- Rivera Margarita
- Rivero Olga
- Robertson Mary M.
- Robinson Elise
- Roessner Veit
- Rogaeva Ekaterina
- Rogé Bernadette
- Romanos Marcel
- Rosand Jonathan
- Rossor Martin
- Rosário Maria
- Rothenberger Aribert
- Rothwell Peter
- Rotter Jerome I
- Rouleau Guy A.
- Roussos Panos
- Rubinsztein David C.
- Ruiz Agustin
- Ruppert Ann-Kathrin
- Russo Giancarlo
- Rybakowski Filip
- Ryten Mina
- Salomaa Veikko
- Samuels Jack F.
- Sander Thomas
- Sanders Alan R.
- Sandin Sven
- Sandor Cynthia
- Sandor Paul
- Santangelo Susan
- Saykin Andrew J.
- Schachar Russell
- Schachter Steven
- Schall Ulrich
- Schalling Martin
- Schankin Christoph
- Scharf Jeremiah
- Scheffer Ingrid
- Scherer Stephen W.
- Schneider Lon S.
- Schoch Susanne
- Schoevers Robert A.
- Schofield Peter R.
- Schosser Alexandra
- Schott Jonathan M.
- Schreiber Stefan
- Schulze Thomas G.
- Schumacher Johannes
- Schwab Sibylle G.
- Schürks Markus
- Scott Rodney
- Seshadri Sudha
- Sharma Manu
- Sharma Pankaj
- Silliman Scott
- Sim Kang
- Sinnamon Grant
- Sisodiya Sanjay M.
- Sklar Pamela
- Smit Johannes H.
- Smith Amanda G.
- Smith Philip
- Smoller Jordan W.
- So Hon-Cheong
- Sonnen Joshua A.
- Sperling Michael
- St George-Hyslop Peter
- Stahl Eli
- Steen Vidar M.
- Stein Dan J.
- Stern Robert A.
- Streit Fabian
- Striano Pasquale
- Strober Michael
- Strohmaier Jana
- Stroink Hans
- Stögmann Elisabeth
- Subramaniam Mythily
- Sudlow Cathie
- Sullivan Patrick
- Surges Rainer
- Szatkiewicz Jin Peng
- Sánchez-Mora Cristina
- Terwindt Gisela M.
- The Brainstorm Consortium
- Thijs Vincent
- Thomas G. Neil
- Thompson Robert C.
- Thornton Laura M.
- Toncheva Draga
- Tortorella Alfonso
- Trace Sara E.
- Tsetsos Fotis
- Tsolaki Magda
- Turecki Gustavo
- Turley Patrick
- Tziouvas Konstantinos
- Valencia-Duarte Ana
- Van Deerlin Vivianna M.
- van den Maagdenberg Arn M.J.M.
- van der Lee Sven J.
- van Elburg Annemarie A.
- Van Eldik Linda J.
- Van Nieuwerburgh Filip
- van Os Jim
- Vardarajan Badri N.
- Vepsäläinen Salli
- Vicente Astrid
- Viktorin Alexander
- Visscher Frank
- Vorstman Jacob
- Waddington John
- Wagner Gudrun
- Waldman Irwin
- Walters James
- Walters Raymond K.
- Wassink Thomas
- Weatherall Sarah
- Webb Bradley
- Webber Caleb
- Wedenoja Juho
- Wei Zhi
- Weiser Mark
- Weiss Lauren A.
- Wendland Jens R.
- Werge Thomas
- Whelan Christopher D.
- Wijsman Ellen
- William Rayner N.
- Williams Julie
- Williams Nigel
- Wilmot Beth
- Winsvold Bendik
- Witt Stephanie H.
- Wolanczyk Tomasz
- Wood Nicholas W.
- Worbe Yulia
- Wray Naomi R.
- Yilmaz Zeynep
- Yu Dongmei
- Zai Gwyneth
- Zandi Peter P.
- Zara Federico
- Zayats Tetyana
- Zimprich Fritz
- Zwart John-Anker
- Publication venue
- American Association for the Advancement of Science
- Publication date
- 01/01/2018
- Field of study
ience, this issue p. eaap8757 Structured Abstract INTRODUCTION Brain disorders may exhibit shared symptoms and substantial epidemiological comorbidity, inciting debate about their etiologic overlap. However, detailed study of phenotypes with different ages of onset, severity, and presentation poses a considerable challenge. Recently developed heritability methods allow us to accurately measure correlation of genome-wide common variant risk between two phenotypes from pools of different individuals and assess how connected they, or at least their genetic risks, are on the genomic level. We used genome-wide association data for 265,218 patients and 784,643 control participants, as well as 17 phenotypes from a total of 1,191,588 individuals, to quantify the degree of overlap for genetic risk factors of 25 common brain disorders. RATIONALE Over the past century, the classification of brain disorders has evolved to reflect the medical and scientific communities' assessments of the presumed root causes of clinical phenomena such as behavioral change, loss of motor function, or alterations of consciousness. Directly observable phenomena (such as the presence of emboli, protein tangles, or unusual electrical activity patterns) generally define and separate neurological disorders from psychiatric disorders. Understanding the genetic underpinnings and categorical distinctions for brain disorders and related phenotypes may inform the search for their biological mechanisms. RESULTS Common variant risk for psychiatric disorders was shown to correlate significantly, especially among attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder (MDD), and schizophrenia. By contrast, neurological disorders appear more distinct from one another and from the psychiatric disorders, except for migraine, which was significantly correlated to ADHD, MDD, and Tourette syndrome. We demonstrate that, in the general population, the personality trait neuroticism is significantly correlated with almost every psychiatric disorder and migraine. We also identify significant genetic sharing between disorders and early life cognitive measures (e.g., years of education and college attainment) in the general population, demonstrating positive correlation with several psychiatric disorders (e.g., anorexia nervosa and bipolar disorder) and negative correlation with several neurological phenotypes (e.g., Alzheimer's disease and ischemic stroke), even though the latter are considered to result from specific processes that occur later in life. Extensive simulations were also performed to inform how statistical power, diagnostic misclassification, and phenotypic heterogeneity influence genetic correlations. CONCLUSION The high degree of genetic correlation among many of the psychiatric disorders adds further evidence that their current clinical boundaries do not reflect distinct underlying pathogenic processes, at least on the genetic level. This suggests a deeply interconnected nature for psychiatric disorders, in contrast to neurological disorders, and underscores the need to refine psychiatric diagnostics. Genetically informed analyses may provide important "scaffolding" to support such restructuring of psychiatric nosology, which likely requires incorporating many levels of information. By contrast, we find limited evidence for widespread common genetic risk sharing among neurological disorders or across neurological and psychiatric disorders. We show that both psychiatric and neurological disorders have robust correlations with cognitive and personality measures. Further study is needed to evaluate whether overlapping genetic contributions to psychiatric pathology may influence treatment choices. Ultimately, such developments may pave the way toward reduced heterogeneity and improved diagnosis and treatment of psychiatric disorders
Minimal information for studies of extracellular vesicles (MISEV2023): From basic to advanced approaches
- Author
- Aase Handberg
- Abhijna R Ballal
- Abhimanyu Thakur
- Abuelreich Sarah
- Achille Anselmo
- Adam L Maddox
- Adityas Purnianto
- Adrian E Morelli
- Adrian L Harris
- Adriana F Paes Leme
- Adriana T Larregina
- Afrodité Németh
- Afsareen Bano
- Agnieszka Razim
- Agustin Enciso-Martinez
- Ahmed Ge Ibrahim
- Ahmed Somaida
- Aija Linē
- Ainhoa Alberro
- Ajay P Singh
- Akbar L Marzan
- Akhil Srivastava
- Akira Yokoi
- Al Charest
- Alain R Brisson
- Alan J Zimmerman
- Albano Cáceres-Verschae
- Aled Clayton
- Aleksandra Inic-Kanada
- Aleksei Tikhonov
- Alena Ivanova
- Alessandra Ciullo
- Alessandro Gori
- Alessio Noghero
- Alex J Rai
- Alexander Otahal
- Alexander R Ivanov
- Alexis G Murillo Carrasco
- Alice Gualerzi
- Alicia Galinsoga
- Alicia Llorente
- Aliosha I Figueroa-Valdés
- Alireza Fazeli
- Alissa M Weaver
- Alok Raghav
- Alvaro Compañ-Bertomeu
- Amanda Khoo
- Amanda Salviano-Silva
- Amandine Bonifay
- Amankeldi A Salybekov
- Amélie Nadeau
- Amin Zakeri
- Amirmohammad Nasiri Kenari
- Amit K Srivastava
- Amy A Baxter
- Amy C Kauffman
- Amy H Buck
- An Hendrix
- Ana C Torrecilhas
- Ana I Salazar-Puerta
- Ana O'Loghlen
- Anabela Cordeiro-da-Silva
- Anaïs Bécot
- Anders T Boysen
- Andras G Miklosi
- Andras Saftics
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- Andre J van Wijnen
- Andrea Galisova
- Andrea Ridolfi
- Andrea Zendrini
- Andreas Möller
- Andreia M Silva
- Andreina Schoeberlein
- Andreu Matamoros-Angles
- Andrew Devitt
- Andrew F Hill
- Andrew Lai
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- André Cronemberger-Andrade
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- Thibaud Dauphin
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- Thomas Michael Shiju
- Thupten Tsering
- Tiana F Koukoulis
- Tijana Jovanovic-Talisman
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- Timothy V Domashevich
- Tine Hiorth Schøyen
- Tobias Tertel
- Tom Ap Driedonks
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- Tong Wang
- Torrecilhas Ana C.
- Tosar Juan P.
- Trude Aspelin
- Tsuneya Ikezu
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- van der Pol Edwin
- van Herwijnen Martijn J. C.
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- Vytautas Žėkas
- Wai-Leng Lee
- Wanessa F Altei
- Wauben Marca H. M.
- Wehman Ann M.
- Wei Duan
- Wei Guo
- Wei Seong Toh
- Welsh Joshua A.
- Wen-Wei Chang
- Wilfrid Boireau
- Wilfried W Bazié
- Willem Stoorvogel
- Williams Sarah
- Witwer Kenneth W.
- Wolfgang Holnthoner
- Wyatt N Vreeland
- Xabier Osteikoetxea
- Xandra O Breakefield
- Xavier Loyer
- Xiaomei Yan
- Xiaoqin Wang
- Xinhua Lei
- Xinlei Li
- Xiuming Liang
- Yagmur Yildizhan
- Yang You
- Yasuo Inoshima
- Yi Wen
- Yinghong Zhou
- Yingtang Gao
- Yiyao Huang
- Yoel Sadovsky
- Yohan Kim
- Yong Song Gho
- Yongkang Yang
- Yonis Bare
- Yoon-Kyoung Cho
- Yoshinobu Takakura
- Young-Gyun Park
- Yu Fujita
- Yu Xiao
- Yuki Yamamoto
- Yumi Kumagai
- Yunjie Wu
- Yunxi Chen
- Yusuke Yamamoto
- Yusuke Yoshioka
- Yvan Courageux
- Yvonne Couch
- Zach Troyer
- Zendrini Andrea
- Zheng Lei
- Zheng Zhao
- Zijlstra Andries
- Zimmerman Alan J.
- Zivile Useckaite
- Zoltan Varga
- Zoltán Varga
- Zoltán Wiener
- Zucai Suo
- Publication venue
- Publication date
- 01/01/2024
- Field of study
Extracellular vesicles (EVs), through their complex cargo, can reflect the state of their cell of origin and change the functions and phenotypes of other cells. These features indicate strong biomarker and therapeutic potential and have generated broad interest, as evidenced by the steady year-on-year increase in the numbers of scientific publications about EVs. Important advances have been made in EV metrology and in understanding and applying EV biology. However, hurdles remain to realising the potential of EVs in domains ranging from basic biology to clinical applications due to challenges in EV nomenclature, separation from non-vesicular extracellular particles, characterisation and functional studies. To address the challenges and opportunities in this rapidly evolving field, the International Society for Extracellular Vesicles (ISEV) updates its 'Minimal Information for Studies of Extracellular Vesicles', which was first published in 2014 and then in 2018 as MISEV2014 and MISEV2018, respectively. The goal of the current document, MISEV2023, is to provide researchers with an updated snapshot of available approaches and their advantages and limitations for production, separation and characterisation of EVs from multiple sources, including cell culture, body fluids and solid tissues. In addition to presenting the latest state of the art in basic principles of EV research, this document also covers advanced techniques and approaches that are currently expanding the boundaries of the field. MISEV2023 also includes new sections on EV release and uptake and a brief discussion of in vivo approaches to study EVs. Compiling feedback from ISEV expert task forces and more than 1000 researchers, this document conveys the current state of EV research to facilitate robust scientific discoveries and move the field forward even more rapidly
Finishing the euchromatic sequence of the human genome
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- Griffiths Coline
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- Griffiths Mark
- Griffiths-Jones Sam
- Grigoriev Igor
- Grimwood Jane
- Grocock Russell
- Groza Matthew
- Gu Jingli
- Gu Jun
- Gu Jun
- Gu Wenyi
- Gu Wenyi
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- Guarin Hannibal
- Guel Metzalli
- Guerra William
- Guevara Whitney V.
- Gui Qi
- Gunaratne Preethi
- Gunning Kate
- Guo Daorong
- Guo Jane
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- Gustafson Erik
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- Gyaltsen Kunsang
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- Görlich Yvonne
- Ha Chi
- Hafez Nabil
- Haglund Krista
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- Hajek Patrick
- Hall Brett Lynn
- Hall Brittany
- Hall Jennifer
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- Hamada Junko
- Hamilton Cerissa
- Hamilton Keelan A.
- Hamilton Matt
- Hamlett John
- Hamlett John
- Hammon Nancy
- Hammond Martin
- Hammond Sha
- Hammond Sian
- Hamza Khalid
- Han Guiqing
- Han Shunsheng
- Han Xurong
- Hanak Vincent A.
- Hancock Julie
- Harbes Brandy A.
- Harding Adam
- Harkins C. Richard
- Harley Joanne
- Harper David
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- Hashimoto Wakako
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- Haugen Eric
- Haussler David
- Havlak Paul
- Hawes Alicia C.
- Hawkins Ebere Sylvia Onyirioha
- Hawkins Natalie
- Hawkins Trevor
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- Heyen Joshua
- Higgs Douglas
- Hildebrand Carl E.
- Hillier LaDeana
- Hillyard Guy
- Hines Sandra
- Hinkins Russell
- Hinrichs Angela S.
- Hitchens Matthew Edward
- Ho Issac
- Ho Sara-Jane
- Hodgson Anne V.
- Hodgson David
- Hoffman Susan M.G.
- Hoffs Michael
- Hogues Marilyn E.
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- Holtzer Caleb
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- Homsi Farah J.
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- Idlebird Devincent G.
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- Imo Kelvin C.
- Inacio Nicole
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- Ishibashi Akiko
- Ishikawa Sabine K.
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- Jia Jia
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- Kosiura Anna
- Kou Zhaohui
- Kovar Christie L.
- Krawczyk Marie-Claude
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- Kremmidiotis Gabriel
- Krogh Anders
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- Kruchowski Scott S.
- Kube Michael
- Kubischta Duane
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- Lamerdin Jane E.
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- Lorensuhewa Lorna M.
- Lou Yunian
- Loulseged Hermela
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- Lovell Jamie
- Lovett Demetria A.
- Lowenstein Michael G.
- Lowry Stephen
- Lozado Ryan J.
- Lu Lingfeng
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- Lu Yue
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- Madabhushi Ramki
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- McMurray Kimberly L.
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- Mercado Iracema C.
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- Nair Seema R.
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- Nelson Deborah A.
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- Nwokenkwo Stanley
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- Oliver Hayley
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- Olson Maynard V.
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- Paul Shelia
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- Perez Lesette M.
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- Ridler Kerry
- Riethman Harold
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- Zembeck Lisa
- Zeng Yixin
- Zhai Dong
- Zhan Guoping
- Zhang Bo
- Zhang Caimin
- Zhang Fengmei
- Zhang Guangyu
- Zhang Guohua
- Zhang Guohua
- Zhang Haiqing
- Zhang Haiqing
- Zhang Haiqing
- Zhang Hongbo
- Zhang Hongbo
- Zhang Jingjing
- Zhang Jingjing
- Zhang Jingkun
- Zhang Jiuchun
- Zhang Jiuchun
- Zhang Lanzhi
- Zhang Li
- Zhang Li
- Zhang Meihua
- Zhang Meng
- Zhang Ming
- Zhang Qing
- Zhang Ruhua
- Zhang Shaojie
- Zhang Tiezhen
- Zhang Wei
- Zhang Wei
- Zhang Xianglin
- Zhang Xianglin
- Zhang Xiaoliang
- Zhang Xiuqing
- Zhang Yan
- Zhang Yi
- Zhang Yilin
- Zhang Yilin
- Zhang Ying
- Zhang Yuansen
- Zhang Yuzhi
- Zhang Zhengdong
- Zhao Hongmei
- Zhao Lijian
- Zhao Shenru
- Zhao Zhijing
- Zhen Zhicheng
- Zheng Haibo
- Zhong Ming
- Zhou Carol
- Zhou Haixia
- Zhou Jianling
- Zhou Nannan
- Zhou Xinfeng
- Zhou Yan
- Zhou Yang
- Zhou Yi
- Zhu Bingying
- Zhu Bofeng
- Zhu Fenghua
- Zhu Genfeng
- Zhu Genfeng
- Zhu Miao
- Zhu Ning
- Zhu Yongge
- Zhu Zhen
- Zhuang Shitao
- Zierten Deborah
- Zimmer Andrew
- Zody Michael C.
- Zollo Massimo
- Zorrilla Sara E.
- Zuo Lin
- Publication venue
- LSU Digital Commons
- Publication date
- 21/10/2004
- Field of study
The sequence of the human genome encodes the genetic instructions for human physiology, as well as rich information about human evolution. In 2001, the International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium reported a draft sequence of the euchromatic portion of the human genome. Since then, the international collaboration has worked to convert this draft into a genome sequence with high accuracy and nearly complete coverage. Here, we report the result of this finishing process. The current genome sequence (Build 35) contains 2.85 billion nucleotides interrupted by only 341 gaps. It covers ∼99% of the euchromatic genome and is accurate to an error rate of ∼1 event per 100,000 bases. Many of the remaining euchromatic gaps are associated with segmental duplications and will require focused work with new methods. The near-complete sequence, the first for a vertebrate, greatly improves the precision of biological analyses of the human genome including studies of gene number, birth and death. Notably, the human enome seems to encode only 20,000-25,000 protein-coding genes. The genome sequence reported here should serve as a firm foundation for biomedical research in the decades ahead
Whole-genome sequencing reveals host factors underlying critical COVID-19
- Author
- Abd Elghafar M.S.
- Abdel-Aziz M.
- Abdelrazik M.
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- Zöllner S.
- Åsvold B.O.
- Publication venue
- Springer Science and Business Media LLC
- Publication date
- 07/07/2022
- Field of study
Critical COVID-19 is caused by immune-mediated inflammatory lung injury. Host genetic variation influences the development of illness requiring critical care1 or hospitalization2,3,4 after infection with SARS-CoV-2. The GenOMICC (Genetics of Mortality in Critical Care) study enables the comparison of genomes from individuals who are critically ill with those of population controls to find underlying disease mechanisms. Here we use whole-genome sequencing in 7,491 critically ill individuals compared with 48,400 controls to discover and replicate 23 independent variants that significantly predispose to critical COVID-19. We identify 16 new independent associations, including variants within genes that are involved in interferon signalling (IL10RB and PLSCR1), leucocyte differentiation (BCL11A) and blood-type antigen secretor status (FUT2). Using transcriptome-wide association and colocalization to infer the effect of gene expression on disease severity, we find evidence that implicates multiple genes—including reduced expression of a membrane flippase (ATP11A), and increased expression of a mucin (MUC1)—in critical disease. Mendelian randomization provides evidence in support of causal roles for myeloid cell adhesion molecules (SELE, ICAM5 and CD209) and the coagulation factor F8, all of which are potentially druggable targets. Our results are broadly consistent with a multi-component model of COVID-19 pathophysiology, in which at least two distinct mechanisms can predispose to life-threatening disease: failure to control viral replication; or an enhanced tendency towards pulmonary inflammation and intravascular coagulation. We show that comparison between cases of critical illness and population controls is highly efficient for the detection of therapeutically relevant mechanisms of disease
Effects of Anacetrapib in Patients with Atherosclerotic Vascular Disease
- Author
- Aaltonen M
- Abdur Rahman M
- Abell T
- Abide W. Jr
- Acheatel R
- Achiri P
- Acon J
- Adams T
- Affinito S
- Agarwal S
- Aggarwal K
- Aggarwal R
- Ahlström P
- Ahmad A
- Ahmed M
- Aillon C
- Airaksinen A
- Ait-sadi R
- Akers J
- Al-jumaily J
- Albers C
- Albert M
- Alberti A
- Alexander T
- Alford C
- Algotsson L
- Allen T
- Allworth M
- Almond E
- Aloisi A
- Alternburg C
- Alton M
- Amin J
- Amundson A
- Andersen K
- Andersen M
- Anderson E
- Anderson G
- Anderson R
- Anderson T
- Andersson H
- Andersson L
- Andreo J
- Andres C
- Andresen D
- Andrews G
- Andrews L
- Andrews R
- Andrioli V
- Angermann Ce
- Annas T
- Ansell V
- Antonio-drabek C
- Antonishen D
- Antonishen M
- Anuschek V
- Appel Kf
- Appel S
- Appleyard D
- Archer A
- Armitage J
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- Arnold M
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- Arp H
- Asbill B
- Ashbrook-raby C
- Ashton L
- Assarsson E
- Audet K
- Augenbraun C
- Aung HNIN THANDA
- Auscher S
- Ausner J
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- Zuchelkowski A
- Zulauf N
- Ågårdh A
- Öner A
- Publication venue
- 'Massachusetts Medical Society'
- Publication date
- 01/01/2017
- Field of study
BACKGROUND:
Patients with atherosclerotic vascular disease remain at high risk for cardiovascular events despite effective statin-based treatment of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels. The inhibition of cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) by anacetrapib reduces LDL cholesterol levels and increases high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels. However, trials of other CETP inhibitors have shown neutral or adverse effects on cardiovascular outcomes.
METHODS:
We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial involving 30,449 adults with atherosclerotic vascular disease who were receiving intensive atorvastatin therapy and who had a mean LDL cholesterol level of 61 mg per deciliter (1.58 mmol per liter), a mean non-HDL cholesterol level of 92 mg per deciliter (2.38 mmol per liter), and a mean HDL cholesterol level of 40 mg per deciliter (1.03 mmol per liter). The patients were assigned to receive either 100 mg of anacetrapib once daily (15,225 patients) or matching placebo (15,224 patients). The primary outcome was the first major coronary event, a composite of coronary death, myocardial infarction, or coronary revascularization.
RESULTS:
During the median follow-up period of 4.1 years, the primary outcome occurred in significantly fewer patients in the anacetrapib group than in the placebo group (1640 of 15,225 patients [10.8%] vs. 1803 of 15,224 patients [11.8%]; rate ratio, 0.91; 95% confidence interval, 0.85 to 0.97; P=0.004). The relative difference in risk was similar across multiple prespecified subgroups. At the trial midpoint, the mean level of HDL cholesterol was higher by 43 mg per deciliter (1.12 mmol per liter) in the anacetrapib group than in the placebo group (a relative difference of 104%), and the mean level of non-HDL cholesterol was lower by 17 mg per deciliter (0.44 mmol per liter), a relative difference of -18%. There were no significant between-group differences in the risk of death, cancer, or other serious adverse events.
CONCLUSIONS:
Among patients with atherosclerotic vascular disease who were receiving intensive statin therapy, the use of anacetrapib resulted in a lower incidence of major coronary events than the use of placebo. (Funded by Merck and others; Current Controlled Trials number, ISRCTN48678192 ; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01252953 ; and EudraCT number, 2010-023467-18 .)
Evaluation of appendicitis risk prediction models in adults with suspected appendicitis
- Author
- Abbas Sh
- Abbas Sh
- Abbassi Oa
- Abbott T
- Abdelgadir Am
- Abdelrahman A
- Abdelrahman M
- Abdelrahman M
- Abdelwahed A
- Abellan M
- Abellán Am
- Abellán Am
- Abulafi M
- Acharya A
- Acosta A
- Adam Me
- Adams Re
- Adegbola So
- Adegbola So
- Adimonye A
- Adnan M
- Afshar S
- Agresta F
- Agua Ia
- Aguayo Jl
- Agudo Ar
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- Ais G
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- Bravo-Gutiérrez Af
- Bravo-Gutiérrez Af
- Brennan S
- Brett M
- Brewer H
- Brewer Hk
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- Brews R
- Brien Jo
- Bronder C
- Brown A
- Brown Ag
- Brown Ce
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- Brown M
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- Brown R
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- Bukhari W
- Bull C
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- Campbell U
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- Castagnoli G
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- Caula C
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- Cavallo D
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- Cerdán-Santacruz C
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- Cervellera M
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- Cheng Sa
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- García-Novoa A
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- Payá-Llorente C
- Payá-Llorente C
- Peacock M
- Pearce J
- Pearce J
- Pearce L
- Pearce L
- Pearson R
- Pedder A
- Peirce Cb
- Peiris Gb
- Peixoto R
- Peleki A
- Peleki A
- Pellegrino L
- Pellicanò Ga
- Pellicer-Franco E
- Pellino G
- Pento V
- Pento V
- Peponis C
- Peprah D
- Pereira A
- Pereira Am
- Pereira J
- Pereira-Mosquera E
- Perera Mi
- Perez-Calvo J
- Perin A
- Pertile D
- Pertile D
- Peña-Barturen C
- Phelan L
- Photiou D
- Pierre R
- Pietrabissa A
- Pigem A
- Pila U
- Pilkington Jp
- Pineño-Flores C
- Pinillos-Somalo A
- Pinkney Td
- Pinkney Td
- Pinkney Td
- Pinna E
- Pino-Perez O
- Pirari Pf
- Pisanu A
- Piu F
- Planellas P
- Plua-Muniz Kt
- Poacher A
- Podda F
- Podda M
- Podda M
- Podda M
- Poillucci G
- Pollard H
- Ponchietti L
- Popova D
- Poudevigne M
- Prats Ma
- Prideaux A
- Prieto-Nieto Mi
- Primo Jc
- Pronin S
- Provenza G
- Puerta E
- Pulighe F
- Pullabatla-Venkata Up
- Punj S
- Pérez-Sanchez Le
- Quddus A
- Quill S
- Quinn Em
- Quinn Hc
- Rabie M
- Rabie Ma
- Rabie Mr
- Radwan Rw
- Radwan Rw
- Rahim A
- Rahman M
- Rahmani Ls
- Rajagopal S
- Rajaram R
- Rajaretnam N
- Rajjoub Y
- Rallage H
- Ramcharan S
- Ramirez L
- Ramirez-Redondo Aa
- Ramos Xh
- Ramos-Bernado Mi
- Ramírez-Faraco M
- Ranathunga S
- Rangarajan K
- Rao M
- Rao V
- Raofi A
- Rashid M
- Rate A
- Ravindran R
- Raymond M
- Raza Ss
- Recreo Ac
- Reddy A
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- Redmond Ae
- Redondo E
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- Redondo-Calvo Fj
- Reese G
- Regina G
- Rehman S
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- Rekhraj S
- Ren Kz
- Renshaw S
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- Renzi Cr
- Resende Fm
- Rezacova M
- Rezvani S
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- Rodger V
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- Rodríguez Ec
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- Rolph R
- Romano J
- Romano R
- Romario Uf
- Romoli L
- Roncero Ls
- Ronda Rn
- Roomi S
- Rosa Mj
- Rosat A
- Roscio F
- Roscio F
- Roscio F
- Rossi C
- Rossi D
- Rossi Gm
- Roth N
- Rothnie K
- Roxburgh C
- Roy C
- Ruano A
- Rubbini M
- Rudland I
- Ruffolo C
- Rufo E
- Ruggiu Gv
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- Ruiz-Marín M
- Rupani S
- Rupasinghe Sn
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- Rutherford Dg
- Ruzvidzo F
- Ruzzenente A
- Saad M
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- Saba A
- Sabia D
- Sacco R
- Sacks R
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- Saghir N
- Sagnotta A
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- Saha A
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- Sahnan K
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- Sainz B
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- Sajid Ms
- Salama Y
- Salamone G
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- Salandini Mc
- Salem A
- Salim S
- Salva Ab
- Salvador H
- Samartin C
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- Samuel M
- Sana S
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- Sanchez-Guillen L
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- Sanchez-Martinez A
- Sancho-Muriel J
- Sandu L
- Sanna S
- Santamaria C
- Santamaría Pc
- Santarrufina-Martínez S
- Santos Sc
- Santurro L
- Sanz-Navarro S
- Sarmah P
- Sarmah P
- Sarmah P
- Sarveswaran J
- Sasia D
- Sasia D
- Saunders S
- Savill A
- Savino G
- Savino G
- Savioli F
- Scabini S
- Scabini S
- Scabini S
- Scandroglio Is
- Scanlon K
- Scatizzi M
- Scialandrone G
- Scricciolo M
- Sebastian Jf
- Sebastián-Tomás Jc
- Seddon Tc
- Segalini E
- Segura-Sampedro Jj
- Sena G
- Sena-Ruiz F
- Seneviratne N
- Sepe C
- Serventi F
- Serventi F
- Seth M
- Setshwaelo T
- Sezen E
- Sgardelis P
- Sgrò A
- Sgrò A
- Sgrò A
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- Shah K
- Shah Sm
- Shah Sm
- Shaikh Ia
- Shakoor Z
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- Sharma A
- Sharma A
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- Sharp Ol
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- Siaw O
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- Simmonds L
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- Smart Nj
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- Soares As
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- Speake D
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- Stecca T
- Stella M
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- Strachan E
- Strange Ja
- Stubbs Bm
- Stupalkowska W
- Stupalkowska W
- Suarez-Cabrera A
- Suero Ca
- Sultana A
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- Sunter H
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- Szucs A
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- Sánchez-Cifuentes A
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- Tague Le
- Tahir W
- Tailor K
- Tallon-Aguilar L
- Tallon-Aguilar L
- Tamayo-López Mj
- Tamborska A
- Tamini N
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- Tapiolas I
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- Zerpa C
- Zhang Ay
- Zhou S
- Zorrilla L
- Zuin M
- Zurleni Tz
- Publication venue
- 'Wiley'
- Publication date
- 01/01/2019
- Field of study
Background
Appendicitis is the most common general surgical emergency worldwide, but its diagnosis remains challenging. The aim of this study was to determine whether existing risk prediction models can reliably identify patients presenting to hospital in the UK with acute right iliac fossa (RIF) pain who are at low risk of appendicitis.
Methods
A systematic search was completed to identify all existing appendicitis risk prediction models. Models were validated using UK data from an international prospective cohort study that captured consecutive patients aged 16–45 years presenting to hospital with acute RIF in March to June 2017. The main outcome was best achievable model specificity (proportion of patients who did not have appendicitis correctly classified as low risk) whilst maintaining a failure rate below 5 per cent (proportion of patients identified as low risk who actually had appendicitis).
Results
Some 5345 patients across 154 UK hospitals were identified, of which two‐thirds (3613 of 5345, 67·6 per cent) were women. Women were more than twice as likely to undergo surgery with removal of a histologically normal appendix (272 of 964, 28·2 per cent) than men (120 of 993, 12·1 per cent) (relative risk 2·33, 95 per cent c.i. 1·92 to 2·84; P < 0·001). Of 15 validated risk prediction models, the Adult Appendicitis Score performed best (cut‐off score 8 or less, specificity 63·1 per cent, failure rate 3·7 per cent). The Appendicitis Inflammatory Response Score performed best for men (cut‐off score 2 or less, specificity 24·7 per cent, failure rate 2·4 per cent).
Conclusion
Women in the UK had a disproportionate risk of admission without surgical intervention and had high rates of normal appendicectomy. Risk prediction models to support shared decision‐making by identifying adults in the UK at low risk of appendicitis were identified
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