A scientific approach in wind energy courses for electrical engineers

Teaching and research are joint activities at University level, but in many cases it is found that both activities have a poor connection. While the scientific method based on well-known steps is commonly applied at research level, this methodology and the associated know-how are rarely integrated in degree courses. This work describes the integration of theory, simulation, lab-scale experiments and industrial developments in wind energy courses for electric engineers. The proposed methodology reuses the knowledge from the research that is performed at University level to bring the students the latest industry developments and scientific trends with a scientific approach in multidisciplinary wind energy courses

Comments on: Implications of structural variations in the human sacrum: why is an anatomical classification crucial?

We sincerely appreciate the work done by Mahato [1] in which a qualitative classification of the sacrum is done to determine the number of segments, position of auricular surfaces, symmetry and abnormalities. This work is of the utmost importance since it is crucial for several surgical interventions and at the same time correlates certain pathologies with the morphology, mostly low back pai

Acercamiento a una metodología científica en cursos de energía eólica para ingenieros electrónicos

La docencia y la investigación son actividades que se realizan de manera simultánea en la práctica universitaria, pero cuya conexión suele ser débil. Mientras que el método científico se basa en etapas bien conocidas, ésta metodología y el know-how asociado raramente se integran en cursos a nivel de grado. Este trabajo describe la integración de teoría, simulación, experimentación a escala de laboratorio y desarrollos industriales dentro de cursos de energía eólica para ingenieros eléctricos. La metodología propuesta reutiliza el conocimiento adquirido en la faceta investigadora y acerca al estudiante a los últimos desarrollos industriales y tendencias científicas usando una metodología científica en cursos de multidisciplinares de energía eólic

Medición de parámetros de signos vitales para emisión de alertas móviles

one of the main concerns of people, especially the elderly or minors in this time of pandemic, is how to know their immediate state of health. A key indicator for this is reported by vital signs parameters such as temperature, heart rate and oxygenation; currently, wearable devices such as smart watches or bands, allow such monitoring by connecting to a cell phone; however, many users are unaware or fail to achieve the proper interpretation of such reports. For this reason, in addition to monitoring vital signs, the objective of this proposed system is to issue alerts that are sent automatically, not only to the user of the device, but also to a companion via text message whenever any of these parameters is outside the normal allowed range.  This is achieved with a user categorization model supported by a system of rules that describes the normal allowed ranges, establishing criteria for issuing alerts. The main benefit of the proposed system is to have specific information in real time, of a body parameter that allows warning of an altered state of health, which is useful as information for making medical decisions, but can also be an important input data to identify an individual with possible risk of contagion of a disease, useful information in a pandemicUna preocupación en las personas, consiste en cómo conocer su inmediato estado de salud. Un indicador clave para ello, lo reportan los parámetros de signos vitales: temperatura, frecuencia cardíaca y oxigenación; Los dispositivos wearables, permiten ese monitoreo mediante conexión con un móvil; sin embargo, muchos usuarios desconocen o no logran la interpretación adecuada de tales reportes. Por esta razón, además de monitorear automáticamente los signos vitales (en periodos determinados de tiempo), el objetivo del sistema propuesto, consiste en emitir alertas que se envían automáticamente, no solo al usuario del dispositivo, sino también a un acompañante mediante mensaje de texto, cada vez que alguno de estos parámetros se encuentra fuera del rango normal permitido.  Esto se logra con un modelo de categorización de usuarios soportado por un sistema de reglas que describe los rangos normales, estableciendo criterios para emitir las alertas. El beneficio principal del sistema propuesto, es tener información específica y en tiempo real, de un parámetro corporal permitiendo advertir un estado alterado de salud, insumo importante, para tomar decisiones médicas. Abstract, one of the main concerns of people, is how to know their immediate state of health. A key indicator for this is reported by vital signs parameters such as temperature, heart rate and oxygenation; The wearable devices, allow such monitoring by connecting to a cell phone; however, many users are unaware or fail to achieve the proper interpretation of such reports. For this reason, in addition to monitoring vital signs, the objective of this proposed system is to issue alerts that are sent automatically, not only to the user of the device, but also to a companion via text message whenever any of these parameters is outside the normal allowed range.  This is achieved with a user categorization model supported by a system of rules that describes the normal allowed ranges, establishing criteria for issuing alerts. The main benefit of the proposed system is to have specific information in real time, of a body parameter that allows warning of an altered state of health, which is useful as information for making medical decisions.

Enteritis Hemocítica en Litopenaeus vannamei (Crustácea Decápoda) en cultivo de baja salinidad en Tamaulipas, México

The present study assessed the presence of hemocytic enteritis in Litopenaeus vannamei from a shrimp farm which uses semi-intensive culture with underground low salinity water, located at an urban zoneof Reynosa, Tamaulipas, Mexico. Histopathological analyses showed characteristic lesions of hemocytic enteritis with a prevalence of 4.0% (12/300). Lesions were observed in midgut epithelium, showing accumulation of hemocytic cells, causing diffuse hemocytic infiltration throughout the gut wall, and were associated with epithelial necrosis and inflammation. The hepatopancreas was also affected, displayingfocal pyknotic nuclei with quasi-geometric shape in hepatopancreas tubules. These clinical signs were present in all affected organisms and suggest toxicity resulting from Benomyl® with contamination occurring either directly and/or indirectly via the water source for the shrimp farm which is located in the most important and productive zone of sorghum (Sorghum vulgare) in the northeast of Mexico. This constitutes the first report of hemocytic enteritis in the coastal zone of the Gulf of Mexico.El presente estudio evalúa la presencia de la Enteritis Hemocítica en Litopenaeus vannamei provenientes de un cultivo semi-intensivo con baja salinidad, alimentado con agua de pozo profundo, localizada en lazona urbana de Reynosa, Tamaulipas, México. Los análisis histopatológicos mostraron lesiones características de enteritis hemocítica con una prevalencia del 4.0% (12/300). Las lesiones se observaron en el epitelio del intestino medio, presentando acumulaciones de células hemocíticas, lo cual provoca infiltración hemocítica difusa extendida a lo largo de la pared intestinal, asociada a necrosis e inflamación epitelial. El hepatopáncreas también se encontró afectado, mostrando núcleos picnóticos focalizados de forma casi geométrica en túbulos hepatopancreáticos, estos casos se presentaron en todas las muestras de los organismos afectados. De acuerdo al cuadro clínico, se considera que las lesiones fueron causadas por intoxicación con Benomyl ® por la contaminación de forma directa y/o indirecta al sistema de cultivo que usó agua de pozo profundo ubicado en la zona de agricultura más importante y productiva de sorgo (Sorghum vulgare) en el noreste del país. Estos resultados constituyen el primer reporte de enteritis hemocítica en las costas del Golfo de México

Gobernanza y gestión del agua en el Occidente de México: la metrópoli de Guadalajara

La disponibilidad de agua como tal no es el problema más importante en la gestión del agua. La incertidumbre se sitúa en la capacidad para implementar sistemas de control, distribución y acceso al agua de una forma equitativa. Garantizar el acceso de agua potable a toda la población no es un problema financiero sino político, un asunto de prioridad .Ahora disponemos de un vasto conocimiento y herramientas aplicables en el campo de la hidrología, biotecnología e ingeniería del agua, pero nuestro entendimiento sobre procesos socioeconómicos, culturales y políticos involucrados en la gestión del agua, sigue siendo limitado. En este libro, desde diferentes ángulos, se analizan formas de gestión del agua, escenarios de gobernanza, conflictos sociales y soluciones de carácter sociopolítico y técnico encaminadas a un manejo más sustentable del agua con posibilidades de ser apropiado socialmente. La obra tiene un fuerte componente con tintes de ecología política alrededor de los conflictos por el agua en la metrópoli de Guadalajara y la cuenca Lerma–Chapala–Santiago, sobre todo en aquellos casos donde coinciden situaciones de deterioro ambiental y formas inadecuadas de desarrollo urbano. En las alternativas que se analizan y proponen, se descubre una rica diversidad que encabezan organizaciones sociales, ciudadanos, actores sociopolíticos, universidades e instituciones con diferentes niveles de impacto, vinculación y trayectorias. Se distinguen escalas y formas de gobernanza del agua a nivel de cuenca, zona metropolitana de Guadalajara, municipios y sistemas hidrográficos (microcuencas y sistemas de abastecimiento), además de revisar estilos de desarrollo urbano asociados al manejo del agua con una perspectiva de análisis y de propuesta.ITESO, A.C

Mycobacterium bovis naturally infected calves present a higher bacterial load and proinflammatory response than adult cattle

Granulomas are characteristic bovine tuberculosis lesions; studying this structure has improved our understanding of tuberculosis pathogenesis. However, the immune response that develops in granulomas of young cattle naturally infected with Mycobacterium bovis (M. bovis) has not been fully studied. Our previous work described an atypical pattern in granulomatous lesions of cattle younger than 4 months (calves) naturally infected previously M. bovis that did not correspond to the histological classification previously proposed. Histologically, granulomas from calves lack a connective tissue capsule and have fewer multinucleated giant cells (MGCs) and more acid-fast bacilli (AFB) than the classic tuberculosis lesions found in cattle older than 1 year (adults); this suggests a deficient immune response against M. bovis infection in young animals. Therefore, we used IHC and digital pathology analysis to characterize the in situ immune response of granulomas from young and adult cattle. The immunolabeling quantification showed that granulomas from calves had more mycobacteria, CD3+ cells, IFN-γ, TNF-α, and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) than those of adult cattle. Furthermore, calf granulomas showed lower immunolabeling of MAC387+, CD79+, and WC1+ cells without connective tissue surrounding the lesion and were associated with less vimentin, Alpha Smooth Muscle Actin (α-SMA), and TGF-β compared with granulomas from adult cattle. Our results suggest that the immune responses in granulomas of cattle naturally infected with M. bovis may be age dependent. This implies that an exacerbated proinflammatory response may be associated with active tuberculosis, producing more necrosis and a lower microbicidal capacity in the granulomas of calves naturally infected with M. bovis

ARIA 2016 : Care pathways implementing emerging technologies for predictive medicine in rhinitis and asthma across the life cycle

The Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) initiative commenced during a World Health Organization workshop in 1999. The initial goals were (1) to propose a new allergic rhinitis classification, (2) to promote the concept of multi-morbidity in asthma and rhinitis and (3) to develop guidelines with all stakeholders that could be used globally for all countries and populations. ARIA-disseminated and implemented in over 70 countries globally-is now focusing on the implementation of emerging technologies for individualized and predictive medicine. MASK [MACVIA (Contre les Maladies Chroniques pour un Vieillissement Actif)-ARIA Sentinel NetworK] uses mobile technology to develop care pathways for the management of rhinitis and asthma by a multi-disciplinary group and by patients themselves. An app (Android and iOS) is available in 20 countries and 15 languages. It uses a visual analogue scale to assess symptom control and work productivity as well as a clinical decision support system. It is associated with an inter-operable tablet for physicians and other health care professionals. The scaling up strategy uses the recommendations of the European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing. The aim of the novel ARIA approach is to provide an active and healthy life to rhinitis sufferers, whatever their age, sex or socio-economic status, in order to reduce health and social inequalities incurred by the disease.Peer reviewe

Historical Isolation versus Recent Long-Distance Connections between Europe and Africa in Bifid Toadflaxes (Linaria sect. Versicolores)

Background: Due to its complex, dynamic and well-known paleogeography, the Mediterranean region provides an ideal framework to study the colonization history of plant lineages. The genus Linaria has its diversity centre in the Mediterranean region, both in Europe and Africa. The last land connection between both continental plates occurred during the Messinian Salinity Crisis, in the late Miocene (5.96 to 5.33 Ma). Methodology/Principal Findings: We analyzed the colonization history of Linaria sect. Versicolores (bifid toadflaxes), which includes c. 22 species distributed across the Mediterranean, including Europe and Africa. Two cpDNA regions (rpl32-trnL UAG and trnK-matK) were sequenced from 66 samples of Linaria. We conducted phylogenetic, dating, biogeographic and phylogeographic analyses to reconstruct colonization patterns in space and time. Four major clades were found: two of them exclusively contain Iberian samples, while the other two include northern African samples together with some European samples. The bifid toadflaxes have been split in African and European clades since the late Miocene, and most lineage and speciation differentiation occurred during the Pliocene and Quaternary. We have strongly inferred four events of post-Messinian colonization following long-distance dispersal from northern Africa to the Iberian Peninsula, Sicily and Greece. Conclusions/Significance: The current distribution of Linaria sect. Versicolores lineages is explained by both ancien