Informe técnico anual: POA 1996-97

De acuerdo con los compromisos contraidos con PROFRIJOL según el POA 1996-97, en México se realizaron un total de 12 actividades en 4 subproyectos, correspondientes a los proyectos de Mejoramiento Genético de Frijol Mesoamericano y Desarrollo del Cultivo de Frijol en Sistemas de Frijol Sostenibles. Los trabajos se llevaron a cabo en las áreas de influencia de los campos experimentales del INIFAP correspondientes a Valle de México, estado de México; Cotaxtla e Isla, Veracruz y Tapachula, Chiapas. En el subproyecto de Mejoramiento de Frijol de Grano Negro, donde se realizó el mayor número de actividades, destacaron los siguientes resultados: a) identificación de nuevos padres con resistencia múltiple a enfermedades (G 1640, G 19833, MAM 48 y MAR 3) y alta resistencia a picudo de la vaina (J-l 17, Hidalgo 58 y México 332); b) evaluación y selección de familias para baja fertilidad en Isla, Veracruz y por resistencia a picudo del ejote en Santa Lucía, estado de México; c) identificación de líneas de alto rendimiento en los ensayos ECAR, tales como DOR 453, ICTA Ostúa, DOR 454 e ICTA Santa Gertrudis; d) la selección por los productores en evaluaciones participativas de las líneas DOR 500 y 11-307- 5E. En el subproyecto de tolerancia a baja fertilidad, sobresalieron las líneas G 5150, II-429-IE, G 5141, G 23276 y Negro Tacaná; para fijación de nitrógeno fueron buenas SEQ 12, TLP 22, BAT 1467 y NAG 161.En el subproyecto de Desarrollo del Cultivo en Sistemas de Producción Sostenibles, en prácticas de manejo y conservación de suelos desarrolladas en la región de Los Tuxtlas, en las terrazas de muro vivo con un año de establecimiento no hubo acumulación de suelo, pero sí en las de tres años, donde se registró una ganancia promedio de 5.9 cm de suelo. Por lo que concierne al efecto de coberturas (Canavalia sp.y Stizolobim sp.), éstas incrementaron significativamente los rendimientos del frijol. Finalmente en producción de semilla básica, se cumplió con el compromiso de producir por lo menos 2 toneladas de las variedades Negro Tacaná y Negro Cotaxtla 91; en este mismo rubro se produjeron adicionalmente más de 4 toneladas de semilla, bajo el programa nacional de “Kilo por Kilo”.Instituto de Investigaciones Forestales Agrícolas y Pecuarias (INIFAP)Programa Cooperativo Regional de Frijol para Centroamérica, México y el Caribe (PROFRIJOL)UCR::Vicerrectoría de Investigación::Unidades de Investigación::Ciencias Agroalimentarias::Estación Experimental Agrícola Fabio Baudrit Moreno (EEAFBM

Mexican oregano (Lippia berlandieri Schauer) oil on turkey slaughter quality/Aceite de orégano mexicano (Lippia berlandieri Schauer) sobre la calidad en el sacricio de pavos

The quality of slaughtered turkeys fed a diet supplemented with Mexican oregano (Lippia berlandieri Schauer) oil was investigated. Two treatments were studied. T0: control diet and T1: control diet + 400 mg kg−1 of oregano oil with 60 % carvacrol. Live weight at slaughter was dierent, with T0 weighing 11.0 kg and T1 11.89 kg, while the performance of feathers and drumstick was higher in T0 (4.33 and 3.18 % respectively). Viscera, blood, head, neck and hot and cold carcass yield did not dier between treatments (p > 0.05). Oregano oil at 400 mg kg−1 can be used in the production of turkeys to inuence slaughter quality

Liderazgo transformacional y el desempeño laboral en los trabajadores de las cooperativas de ahorro y crédito de la provincia de Bolívar

Introduction: The Savings and Credit cooperatives of the Province of Bolívar through this study want to achieve a transformational leadership, which serves as a guide for managers and thus be able to directly influence the improvement of job performance of people who work in each of these financial entities through the correct decision-making and problem solving in search of efficiency, effectiveness and fulfilment of institutional objectives. Objective: To investigate the influence of transformational leadership on the job performance of employees of the Savings and Credit Cooperatives of Bolívar Province. Methodology: The research methodology used in this project is based on a descriptive correlational study with a mixed approach (qualitative and quantitative) in this way the most relevant characteristics of transformational leadership are established, for this reason a bibliographic and field research work was developed in which determined a population of 100 people who work in cooperatives, in order to obtain information, very common techniques such as interviews and surveys were used, therefore validation was carried out through expert criteria together with the digital tool SPSS, It should be noted that the sampling is not probabilistic and the reliability was established with the Cron Bach Alpha Coefficient. Results: The results obtained from the respondents perceive transformational leadership at a poor level with 65.39% and at a regular level with 34.61% an efficient level. Conclusions: It is concluded that the causes of poor job performance are due to the inadequate training of employees, demotivation, and the inappropriate attitude of managers, this has generated dissatisfaction and the work environment is not adequate, which is classified as sufficient evidence to determine the relationship between the study variables.Introducción: Las cooperativas de Ahorro y Crédito de la Provincia de Bolívar a través de este estudio quieren alcanzar un liderazgo transformacional, el cual sirva de guía para los directivos y así poder incidir de manera directa en mejorar el desempeño laboral de las personas que trabajan en cada una de estas entidades financieras mediante la acertada toma de decisiones y resolución de problemas en búsqueda de la eficiencia, eficacia y cumplimiento de los objetivos institucionales. Objetivo: Investigar la influencia del liderazgo transformacional en el desempeño laboral de los empleados de las Cooperativas de Ahorro y Crédito de la Provincia Bolívar. Metodología: La metodología de investigación utilizada en este proyecto está fundamentada en un estudio descriptivo correlacional con enfoque mixto (cualitativo y cuantitativo) de esta forma se establece las características más relevantes del liderazgo transformacional, por ello se desarrolló un trabajo investigativo bibliográfico y de campo en el que se determinó una población de 100 personas las cuales trabajan en las cooperativas, para poder obtener información se hizo uso de técnicas muy comunes como entrevistas y encuestas por consiguiente se realizó la validación a través del criterio de expertos conjuntamente con la herramienta digital SPSS, cabe recalcar que el muestreo es no probabilístico y la confiabilidad se estableció con el Coeficiente  Alpha de Cron Bach. Resultados: Los resultados obtenidos de los encuestados perciben un liderazgo transformacional en un nivel deficiente con un 65,39% y de un nivel regular con un 34,61% un nivel eficiente. Conclusiones: Se concluye que las causas del bajo desempeño laboral son por la inadecuada capacitación de los empleados, la desmotivación y la inapropiada actitud de los directivos, esto ha generado insatisfacción y el clima laboral no es el adecuado, lo que se cataloga como pruebas suficientes para determinar la relación que existe entre las variables de estudio

Seroepidemiology of infection with Toxoplasma gondii in healthy blood donors of Durango, Mexico

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p><it>Toxoplasma gondii </it>(<it>T. gondii</it>) infection in blood donors could represent a risk for transmission in blood recipients. There is scarce information about the epidemiology of <it>T. gondii </it>infection in blood donors in Mexico. Therefore, we sought to determine the prevalence of <it>T. gondii </it>infection and associated socio-demographic and behavioral characteristics in a population of healthy blood donors of Durango City, Mexico.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Four hundred and thirty two blood donors in two public blood banks of Durango City, Mexico were examined for <it>T. gondii </it>infection between August to September 2006. Blood donors were tested for anti-<it>T. gondii </it>IgG and IgM antibodies by using enzyme-linked immunoassays (Diagnostic Automation Inc., Calabasas, CA, USA). Socio-demographic and behavioral characteristics from each participant were also obtained.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Thirty two (7.4%) of 432 blood donors had IgG anti-<it>T. gondii </it>antibodies. Eight (1.9%) of them had also IgM anti-<it>T. gondii </it>antibodies. Multivariate analysis using logic regression showed that <it>T. gondii </it>infection was associated with the presence of cats at home (adjusted OR = 3.81; 95% CI: 1.45–10.01). The age group of 45–60 years showed a significantly higher frequency of <it>T. gondii </it>infection than the group of 25–34 years (p = 0.02). Blood donors without education had a significantly higher frequency of infection (15.8%) than those with 13–19 years of education (4.5%) (p = 0.04). Other characteristics of blood donors including male gender, consumption of undercooked meat or blood transfusion did not show an association with infection.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The prevalence of <it>T. gondii </it>infection in healthy blood donors of Durango City, Mexico is lower than those reported in blood donors of south and central Mexico, and is one of the lowest reported in blood donors worldwide. <it>T. gondii </it>infection in our blood donors was most likely acquired by contact with cats. Prevalence of infection increased with age and decreased with educational level.</p

Seroepidemiology of Toxoplasma gondii infection in psychiatric inpatients in a northern Mexican city

BACKGROUND: Patients with psychiatric disorders were found to show a high seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection. There is scarce information about the epidemiology of T. gondii infection in psychiatric patients in Mexico. Therefore, we sought to determine the prevalence of T. gondii infection and associated socio-demographic, clinical and behavioural characteristics in a population of psychiatric patients in Durango City, Mexico. Seroprevalence in patients was compared with that obtained in a control population. METHODS: One hundred and thirty seven inpatients of a public psychiatric hospital and 180 controls were examined for the presence of IgG and IgM antibodies against T. gondii by enzyme-linked immunoassay (Diagnostic Automation Inc., Calabasas, CA, USA). The control population consisted of blood donors of a public blood bank and elderly persons attending a senior center in the same city. Age in controls (42 years +/- 20.2) was comparable with that of the psychiatric patients (43.7 years +/-13.8) (p = 0.42). Socio-demographic, clinical and behavioral characteristics from the patients were also obtained. RESULTS: Anti-T. gondii IgG antibodies indicating latent infection with T. gondii was found in 25 (18.2%) of 137 psychiatric inpatients and 16 (8.9%) of 180 controls (p = 0.02). Ten (26.3%) of 38 schizophrenic patients had latent infection and this prevalence was also significantly higher than that observed in controls (p = 0.005). Prevalence of anti-T. gondii IgM antibodies was comparable among patients and controls (4.4% vs 2.2%, respectively, p = 0.22). Multivariate analysis showed that T. gondii infection in inpatients was positively associated with sexual promiscuity (adjusted OR = 15.8; 95% CI: 3.8–64.8), unwashed raw fruit consumption (adjusted OR = 5.19; 95% CI: 2.3–11.3), and a history of surgery (adjusted OR = 6.5; 95% CI: 2.6–16), and negatively associated with lamb meat consumption (adjusted OR = 0.26; 95% CI: 0.10–0.63). CONCLUSION: In the present study, psychiatric inpatients in Durango, Mexico, in general and schizophrenia inpatients in particular had a significantly higher prevalence of T. gondii infection than the control group. Results suggest that unwashed raw fruit consumption might be the most important route of T. gondii transmission in our psychiatric inpatients while lamb meat consumption the less important. Additional studies will have to elucidate the causative relation between infection with T. gondii and psychiatric disorders

Search for dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks in √s = 13 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector

A search for weakly interacting massive particle dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks is presented. Final states containing third-generation quarks and miss- ing transverse momentum are considered. The analysis uses 36.1 fb−1 of proton–proton collision data recorded by the ATLAS experiment at √s = 13 TeV in 2015 and 2016. No significant excess of events above the estimated backgrounds is observed. The results are in- terpreted in the framework of simplified models of spin-0 dark-matter mediators. For colour- neutral spin-0 mediators produced in association with top quarks and decaying into a pair of dark-matter particles, mediator masses below 50 GeV are excluded assuming a dark-matter candidate mass of 1 GeV and unitary couplings. For scalar and pseudoscalar mediators produced in association with bottom quarks, the search sets limits on the production cross- section of 300 times the predicted rate for mediators with masses between 10 and 50 GeV and assuming a dark-matter mass of 1 GeV and unitary coupling. Constraints on colour- charged scalar simplified models are also presented. Assuming a dark-matter particle mass of 35 GeV, mediator particles with mass below 1.1 TeV are excluded for couplings yielding a dark-matter relic density consistent with measurements

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Correction to: Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat