Model of heterotransistor with quantum dots

Heterostructure transistors with quantum dots (QD) are now very perspective devices because of their higher velocities of electrons in the channel. Simulation results for concentration and carrier velocity distributions depending on the QD size, concentration and location were presented in this paper. It is shown that presence of QD in the channel causes a significant increase of current. Also, QD location and concentration influence to the output characteristics of transistor was established

Diagnostic methodics of personal development of university students in studying the humanities

© The author(s). The urgency of the research of diagnostic methodics of personal development of university students in studying the humanities does not lose its science - based and practice - oriented value and at the present transitional time, which has put higher education before the need to train professionals with personal qualities as required to modify the social structure of the labor market and the needs of the personality. The purpose of the article is in scientific - practical justification of the set of diagnostic methodics of personal development of students and experimental verification of their efficiency in the process of studying the humanities. The article presents: theoretical - methodic foundations of the structure, content and implementation techniques of diagnostic methodics of personal development of students in studying the humanities and identifies practical significance of the methodic for the formation of competent professionals demanded by modern job market. The leading method of this study is to monitor the personal development of university students in the process of studying the humanities. The article stuff is designed for university teachers of humanities, young scientists and students, who are interested in research activities in the humanitarian sphere. It is recommended to university methodists and students of further teacher training centers of continuing professional education

EXPERIENCE OF THE INVESTIGATION OF ENGLISH COLLOQUIAL SYSTEM

Introduction. The term and the definition of the boundaries of colloquialism confuses scientists and generates different opinions. Some scientists define colloquialism in a narrower sense, referring it to a stylistically reduced vocabulary, which is the opposite of the literary norm. Thus, colloquialisms include mostly substandard vocabulary, which is used mainly in limited speech by individual representatives of the population. Another group of specialists understand the term colloquialism on a wider scale, dividing it into several groups depending on the proximity or remoteness to the literary norm. Research methods. Currently, the study of colloquial speech is becoming one of the most important problems of modern linguistics. The study of colloquial speech at various linguistic levels is becoming increasingly important for a number of reasons. It becomes possible to collect and analyze material on the problems of colloquial words and expressions through the use of such methods of analysis as descriptive, systemic and structural, nominative-derivational, comparative-typological, statistical. Results and discussions. It is important to timely identify the features of the formation of colloquialisms and analyze new trends in terms of the lexical and semantic nature of colloquialisms in modern electronic and printed lexicographic sources, scientific works of foreign authors. Analysis and collection of data on colloquialisms is necessary for the timely study of their impact on the established linguistic standards. At the moment, a large number of the population use a more reduced lexis and thereby displace already established norms in phonetics, morphology, syntax, vocabulary from everyday life. This is evidenced by the numerous changes in dictionaries, their annual addition, as well as the creation of the latest dictionaries, which include colloquial words, constructions and phraseological units that are of interest in view of new evolutionary changes in the language. Conclusion. At present, the determination of the research potential of English colloquialisms is necessary for the further systematization of knowledge and experience, analysis and forecasting of the future of the informal languag

Diagnostic methodics of personal development of university students in studying the humanities

© The author(s). The urgency of the research of diagnostic methodics of personal development of university students in studying the humanities does not lose its science - based and practice - oriented value and at the present transitional time, which has put higher education before the need to train professionals with personal qualities as required to modify the social structure of the labor market and the needs of the personality. The purpose of the article is in scientific - practical justification of the set of diagnostic methodics of personal development of students and experimental verification of their efficiency in the process of studying the humanities. The article presents: theoretical - methodic foundations of the structure, content and implementation techniques of diagnostic methodics of personal development of students in studying the humanities and identifies practical significance of the methodic for the formation of competent professionals demanded by modern job market. The leading method of this study is to monitor the personal development of university students in the process of studying the humanities. The article stuff is designed for university teachers of humanities, young scientists and students, who are interested in research activities in the humanitarian sphere. It is recommended to university methodists and students of further teacher training centers of continuing professional education

Diagnostic methodics of personal development of university students in studying the humanities

© The author(s). The urgency of the research of diagnostic methodics of personal development of university students in studying the humanities does not lose its science - based and practice - oriented value and at the present transitional time, which has put higher education before the need to train professionals with personal qualities as required to modify the social structure of the labor market and the needs of the personality. The purpose of the article is in scientific - practical justification of the set of diagnostic methodics of personal development of students and experimental verification of their efficiency in the process of studying the humanities. The article presents: theoretical - methodic foundations of the structure, content and implementation techniques of diagnostic methodics of personal development of students in studying the humanities and identifies practical significance of the methodic for the formation of competent professionals demanded by modern job market. The leading method of this study is to monitor the personal development of university students in the process of studying the humanities. The article stuff is designed for university teachers of humanities, young scientists and students, who are interested in research activities in the humanitarian sphere. It is recommended to university methodists and students of further teacher training centers of continuing professional education

Diagnostic methodics of personal development of university students in studying the humanities

© The author(s). The urgency of the research of diagnostic methodics of personal development of university students in studying the humanities does not lose its science - based and practice - oriented value and at the present transitional time, which has put higher education before the need to train professionals with personal qualities as required to modify the social structure of the labor market and the needs of the personality. The purpose of the article is in scientific - practical justification of the set of diagnostic methodics of personal development of students and experimental verification of their efficiency in the process of studying the humanities. The article presents: theoretical - methodic foundations of the structure, content and implementation techniques of diagnostic methodics of personal development of students in studying the humanities and identifies practical significance of the methodic for the formation of competent professionals demanded by modern job market. The leading method of this study is to monitor the personal development of university students in the process of studying the humanities. The article stuff is designed for university teachers of humanities, young scientists and students, who are interested in research activities in the humanitarian sphere. It is recommended to university methodists and students of further teacher training centers of continuing professional education

Analysis of relaxation processes of momentum and energy in heterotransistors with systems of quantum dots

У статті наведені результати моделювання та порівняльний аналіз релаксаційних характеристик для чотирьох різних гетероструктур: традиційного гетеротранзистора, гетеротранзистора з двома каналами (гетеропереходами), гетеротранзистора з двома каналами і системою квантових точок, а також гетеротранзистора з двома каналами і двома системами квантових точок. Показано, що розігрів носіїв заряду в сильних електричних полях в гетеротранзисторах з вбудованими квантовими точками з двома гетеропереходами менш інтенсивний, а середні значення дрейфової швидкості вищі, ніж в інших досліджуваних структурах.The modeling and comparative analysis of the relaxation processes in four different heterostructures: traditional heterotransistor, heterotransistor with two channels (heterojunctions), heterotransistor with two channels and a system of quantum dots (QDs), as well as heterotransistor with two channels and two systems of quantum dots were made. It is shown that the heating of electrons in high electric fields in heterotransistors with embedded quantum dots with two heterojunctions is less intensive, and the values of the drift velocity is higher than in the other structures under study.Проведено моделирование и сравнительный анализ релаксационных характеристик для четырех различных гетероструктур: гетеротранзистора, гетеротранзистора с двумя каналами (гетеропереходами), гетеротранзистора с двумя каналами и системой квантовых точек, а также гетеротранзистора с двумя каналами и двумя системами квантовых точек. Показано, что разогрев носителей заряда в сильных электрических полях в гетеротранзисторах со встроенными квантовыми точками с двумя гетеропереходами менее интенсивен, а средние значения дрейфовой скорости выше, чем в других исследуемых структурах

Impact of climate change on fishes in complex Antarctic ecosystems

Antarctic marine ecosystems are increasingly threatened by climate change and are considered to be particularly sensitive because of the adaptation of most organisms to cold and stable environmental conditions. Fishes play a central role in the Antarctic marine food web and might be affected by climate change in different ways: (i) directly by increasing water temperatures, decreasing seawater salinity and/or increasing concentrations of CO2; (ii) indirectly by alterations in the food web, in particular by changes in prey composition, and (iii) by alterations and loss of habitat due to sea ice retreat and increased ice scouring on the sea floor. Based on new data and data collected from the literature, we analyzed the vulnerability of the fish community to these threats.The potential vulnerability and acting mechanisms differ among species, developmental stages and habitats. The icefishes (family Channichthyidae) are one group that are especially vulnerable to a changing South Polar Sea, as are the pelagic shoal fish species Pleuragramma antarcticum. Both will almost certainly be negatively affected by abiotic alterations and changes in food web structure associated with climate change, the latter additionally by habitat loss. The major bottleneck for the persistence of the majority of populations appears to be the survival of early developmental stages, which are apparently highly sensitive to many types of alterations. In the long term, if climate projections are realized, species loss seems inevitable: within the demersal fish community, the loss or decline of one species might be compensated by others, whereas the pelagic fish community in contrast is extremely poor in species and dominated by P. antarcticum. The loss of this key species could therefore have especially severe consequences for food web structure and the functioning of the entire ecosystem.Fil: Mintenbeck, Katja. Alfred Wegener Institute For Polar And Marine Research; AlemaniaFil: Barrera Oro, Esteban. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia"; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores, Comercio Interno y Culto. Dirección Nacional del Antártico. Instituto Antártico Argentino; ArgentinaFil: Brey, Thomas. Alfred Wegener Institute For Polar And Marine Research; AlemaniaFil: Jacob, Ute. Universitat Hamburg; AlemaniaFil: Knust, Rainer. Alfred Wegener Institute For Polar And Marine Research; AlemaniaFil: Mark, Felix C.. Alfred Wegener Institute For Polar And Marine Research; AlemaniaFil: Moreira, María Eugenia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores, Comercio Interno y Culto. Dirección Nacional del Antártico. Instituto Antártico Argentino; ArgentinaFil: Strobel, Anneli. Alfred Wegener Institute For Polar And Marine Research; AlemaniaFil: Arntz, Wolf E.. Alfred Wegener Institute For Polar And Marine Research; Alemani

High Latitude Changes in Ice Dynamics and Their Impact on Polar Marine Ecosystems

Polar regions have experienced significant warming in recent decades. Warming has been most pronounced across the Arctic Ocean Basin and along the Antarctic Peninsula, with significant decreases in the extent and seasonal duration of sea ice. Rapid retreat of glaciers and disintegration of ice sheets have also been documented. The rate of warming is increasing and is predicted to continue well into the current century, with continued impacts on ice dynamics. Climate-mediated changes in ice dynamics are a concern as ice serves as primary habitat for marine organisms central to the food webs of these regions. Changes in the timing and extent of sea ice impose temporal asynchronies and spatial separations between energy requirements and food availability for many higher trophic levels. These mismatches lead to decreased reproductive success, lower abundances, and changes in distribution. In addition to these direct impacts of ice loss, climate-induced changes also facilitate indirect effects through changes in hydrography, which include introduction of species from lower latitudes and altered assemblages of primary producers. Here, we review recent changes and trends in ice dynamics and the responses of marine ecosystems. Specifically, we provide examples of ice-dependent organisms and associated species from the Arctic and Antarctic to illustrate the impacts of the temporal and spatial changes in ice dynamics

Changes in daily temperature and precipitation extremes in central and south Asia

Changes in indices of climate extremes are studied on the basis of daily series of temperature and precipitation observations from 116 meteorological stations in central and south Asia. Averaged over all stations, the indices of temperature extremes indicate warming of both the cold tail and the warm tail of the distributions of daily minimum and maximum temperature between 1961 and 2000. For precipitation, most regional indices of wet extremes show little change in this period as a result of low spatial trend coherence with mixed positive and negative station trends. Relative to the changes in the total amounts, there is a slight indication of disproportionate changes in the precipitation extremes. Stations with near-complete data for the longer period of 1901-2000 suggest that the recent trends in extremes of minimum temperature are consistent with long-term trends, whereas the recent trends in extremes of maximum temperature are part of multidecadal climate variability