A three-species model explaining cyclic dominance of pacific salmon

The four-year oscillations of the number of spawning sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) that return to their native stream within the Fraser River basin in Canada are a striking example of population oscillations. The period of the oscillation corresponds to the dominant generation time of these fish. Various - not fully convincing - explanations for these oscillations have been proposed, including stochastic influences, depensatory fishing, or genetic effects. Here, we show that the oscillations can be explained as a stable dynamical attractor of the population dynamics, resulting from a strong resonance near a Neimark Sacker bifurcation. This explains not only the long-term persistence of these oscillations, but also reproduces correctly the empirical sequence of salmon abundance within one period of the oscillations. Furthermore, it explains the observation that these oscillations occur only in sockeye stocks originating from large oligotrophic lakes, and that they are usually not observed in salmon species that have a longer generation time.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figure

Public Librarian Perceptions : Use of and Preparedness to Perform CILF Competencies

This study surveyed public librarians from American Library Association accredited library and information science programs to ascertain their perceptions regarding their usage of the Online Computer Library Center’s 2015 Competency Index for the Library Field in identifying discrete activities in which librarians engage. The study sought to determine if competency use and feelings of preparedness were affected by the independent variables of type of school attended (traditional or iSchool) and type of library job (youth services, reference, collection management, and administrative). While the interaction of school and job is not significant in reporting perceptions of preparedness, those attending iSchools reported feeling more prepared than those attending traditional schools in four of the five competency areas

Marital love in Jane Austen: a Peircean analysis of Lady Susan and Pride and Prejudice

One way to view Jane Austen’s novels is as an exploration of her ideals for love and marriage, at least her conception of their possibilities within the culture of which she was a part. Because her stories generally present a series of married or courting character couples, they lend themselves well to analysis as a set of different but related representations of marriage. This dissertation uses the semiotic categories of Charles S. Peirce to analyze the representations of marriage in two of Austen's novels: Lady Susan, as an example of her early, experimental work; and Pride and Prejudice, as an example of her mature work. It tracks the increasing balance in her usage of the various representational modes outlined by Peirce in his semiotic categories, treating the various character couples in the stories as different signifier types, such as the Iconic, Indexical, and Symbolic types, as well as the predicted subtypes formed from mixing these three primary sign types. It also uses Peirce’s universal categories, which are the underlying primitives from which his sign categories are derived, to analyze the completeness of Austen’s conception of marital love, dividing the latter into such fundamental areas as love feeling, love interaction, and marital law, and into predicted subareas such as compatibility, virtue, and duty. The analysis yields new insights that are relevant to ongoing critical discussions of the tensions between the natural and the codified aspects of marriage, between the free and the constrained elements of the relationship, and between the ideal union and the pragmatic one. The results also suggest that Austen’s conception of marital love was surprisingly complete even in her late juvenile years, but that subsequently her novelistic art progressed significantly in semiotic integrity as she found and settled into the style of her mature novels

United States v. Osage Wind, LLC

The Osage Nation, as owner of the beneficial interest in its mineral estate, issues federally-approved leases to persons and entities who wish to conduct mineral development on its lands. After an energy-development company, Osage Wind, leased privately-owned surface lands within Tribal reservation boundaries and began to excavate minerals for purposes of constructing a wind farm, the United States brought suit on the Tribe’s behalf. In the ensuing litigation, the Osage Nation insisted that Osage Wind should have obtained a mineral lease from the Tribe before beginning its work. In its decision, the Tenth Circuit applied one of the Indian law canons of construction and concluded that the digging, crushing, and sorting of minerals by Osage Wind amounted to “mineral development” under the definition of “mining,” and therefore required a mineral lease issued by the Osage Mineral Council

Heroes Like Harvey Milk: Using LGBTQ-Themed Literature to Promote Critical Literacy and Social Justice in Fifth Grade English Language Arts and Social Studies

The purpose of this curriculum development project is to help practicing English Language Arts and Social Studies teachers in grade 5 construct and develop content-area curriculums that reinforce and support both critical literacy and social justice pedagogical frameworks for teaching and learning. This particular curriculum development project also addresses the ways in which English Language Arts and Social Studies teachers in grade 5 can use LGBTQ-themed curricular materials to not only promote critical literacy and social justice frameworks for teaching and learning but to also meet the Common Core State Standards (CCSS, 2010) for English Language Arts, Ohio’s Learning Standards (OLS, 2018) for Social Studies, and the Social Justice Standards (SJS, 2018) that were developed by the Teaching Tolerance project. In addition, this proposed curriculum development project reflects Gorski’s (2010) key characteristics of a multicultural curriculum which ultimately serve as a guide for the development and implementation of a three-week unit plan that focuses on the life and societal contributions of Harvey Milk: the first openly gay elected official in the history of California. Essentially, this type of unit plan demonstrates to practicing English Language Arts and Social Studies teachers in grade 5 how they can infuse critical pedagogical choices into their content-area curriculums in a way that successfully aligns with state standards

The Impact of Student Motivation, Preparation, and Learned Helplessness on Undergraduate Students’ Communication with Advisors

The purpose of this exploratory study was to examine communication factors that influence students’ academic advising appointments, including predictors of scheduling future advising appointments. Undergraduate students’ motivation and feelings of learned helplessness were related to their advising meeting preparation and their communication involvement during advising meetings. Students who reported high levels of motivation and low levels of learned helplessness were more likely to prepare for advising meetings and be communicative during meetings. Students with immediate advisors were more likely to communicate with their advisors during meetings. Advising meeting preparation, motivation, and learned helplessness were significant factors in future advising appointments

Mapping Meaning at the Crossroads of Crisis: Narratives of Renewal in the Midst of the Opioid Epidemic

This study explores the role of meaning in a crisis situation by using Viktor Frankl’s tripod of meaning and Matthew Seeger and Timothy Sellnow’s narratives of renewal. Drawing from focus groups conducted in a large mid-Atlantic city where community members are embedded in the middle of the opioid crisis, the findings suggest that resiliency in the face of crisis can be encouraged to take root through a mapping of meaning that highlights gratitude and responsibility

What Is the Research Standard for Tenure and Promotion at U.S. Accounting Research Institutions Outside of the Top 200?

Prior studies provide benchmarking data for faculty promoted at the Top 75 U.S. Accounting Research Institutions (e.g., Glover et al. 2006 and Glover et al. 2012). The data from these studies help the academic accounting market operate more effectively and efficiently. The data are valuable for less seasoned scholars as they set goals for their research output, and for professors as they evaluate candidates’ cases for tenure both at their schools and on behalf of other universities. This paper extends Glover et al. (2012) to consider programs outside of the Top 200 U.S. Accounting Research Institutions (Glover, Prawitt, & Wood, 2006; Glover, Prawitt, Summers, & Wood, 2012) and also consider additional research outlets. We consider universities that typically grant tenure based (at least in part) on research and publication output. To this end, most community colleges, unaccredited institutions, and for-profit universities are excluded

United States v. Osage Wind, LLC

The Osage Nation, as owner of the beneficial interest in its mineral estate, issues federally-approved leases to persons and entities who wish to conduct mineral development on its lands. After an energy-development company, Osage Wind, leased privately-owned surface lands within Tribal reservation boundaries and began to excavate minerals for purposes of constructing a wind farm, the United States brought suit on the Tribe’s behalf. In the ensuing litigation, the Osage Nation insisted that Osage Wind should have obtained a mineral lease from the Tribe before beginning its work. In its decision, the Tenth Circuit applied one of the Indian law canons of construction and concluded that the digging, crushing, and sorting of minerals by Osage Wind amounted to “mineral development” under the definition of “mining,” and therefore required a mineral lease issued by the Osage Mineral Council