There may be regular guys but there are no regular native speakers: lexis and native-speaker-like competence.

An analysis of different dimensions of meaning available to a native speaker (though with some variation across any given population of native speakers) in making judgments about English usage. Argues that research into such intuitions is essential in understanding lexis, alongside the kinds of electronic corpus analysis favoured by Swedish scholar Moira Linnarud to whom the Festschrift is dedicated

A Deep Infrared Search for AXP 1E 1841-045

Multi-colour (JHKs) imaging and photometry of the field of the Anomalous X-ray Pulsar AXP 1E 1841-045 is analysed in the light of new, accurate coordinates from Chandra (Wachter et al, 2004). From excellentquality images, we find multiple sources in and around the position error circle. Of these, none can be confidently identified as the infrared counterpart. The limiting magnitudes reached were J=22.1, H=20.7 and Ks=19.9$ (95% confidence).Comment: 8 pages LaTeX, 2 eps figures; ApJ accepte

Literacy and Literature: priorities in English studies towards 2000.

Through discussion of a changing and unstable relationship between concepts of 'literacy' and 'literature', this chapter outlines problems of aims and content in university-level English studies, and speculates about future challenges. A historically changing balance is traced between social skills of language use and interpretation (often dismissed as merely 'instrumental') and concern with a body of literature whose fostering of moral and aesthetic values is sometimes deemed essential to national belonging or a sense of being cultured. The view is presented that English studies needs, far more than at present [1995], to integrate linguistic, literary, and media work rather than prioritising any one of these strands or teaching all three, but independently of one another

Raymond Williams's Keywords: investigating meanings ‘offered, felt for, tested, confirmed, asserted, qualified, changed’

Reconsiders the approach developed by Raymond Williams for analysing complex words used in cultural and political debate. Contrasts the semantic and lexicographical emphasis of Williams's work with the history of ideas' focus of Tony Bennett et al's New Keywords (Blackwell, 2005). Also argues that new electronic corpus approaches can enrich Williams's close reading method

Politics and language: Meaning and public deception: a tale of more than ‘very, very few people’

Broad questions of political deception and trust in public figures are examined in this article, with reference to a momentary but explosive interlude in British political life: a series of calls for the resignation of Home Secretary Charles Clarke in April 2006 following allegations that he had misled the public during a BBC2 'Newsnight' interview about the release of foreign nationals from UK prisons. Wider issues concerning accuracy in public communication are drawn out from the example discussed, and a notion of public ‘meaning troublespots’ is outlined (as developed further in the author's 'Meaning in the media: discourse, controversy and debate', CUP, 2010)

On the interpretation of allusions and other innuendo meanings in libel actions: the value of semantic and pragmatic evidence.

Allusions and other cultural references are problematic in defamation actions. This paper presents an account of linguistic evidence concerning a contested expression, ‘economical with the truth’, whose origins as a quotation, coupled with more recent general currency, present an important interpretive challenge. Distinction between idiomatic use and more specialised allusion can be crucial in libel litigation, in that qualification is allowed to the ‘ordinary reader’ test only in respect of so-called ‘innuendo’ meanings (or meanings available only to a sub-set readership with relevant, specialised knowledge). Discussion of semantic and pragmatic evidence suggests that linguists can valuably narrow the scope of plausible interpretation. Linguistic analysis can also contribute to understanding of both the ‘ordinary reader’ and ‘innuendo’ tests of meaning. Generalising from the case under discussion, the author comments on established methods for attributing meanings (and responsibility from meaning) in English libel law, and describes emergent tendencies in the related fields of forensic linguistics and critical legal studies

Exploring inferences prompted by reading a very short story.

Using the illustrative case of a very short story, which generates a large number of inferences that vary interestingly between readers of different social experiences, this article investigates the role in communication performed by inference. For L2 readers, questions of language proficiency are involved, to the extent that even slightly different linguistic formulation would prompt different lines of thinking. Questions of culture are also involved, to the extent that background assumptions combine with linguistic decoding to produce any given interpretation. Together, such linguistic and cultural elements constitute what we informally call comprehension or interpretation. Paying closer attention to the inferential dimension of discourse comprehension, I argue, can make a valuable contribution to language courses which try to bridge the gap between language teaching and literature teaching. My discussion takes the form of an informal report on experimentation with the three-sentence short story, used on a number of occasions and with different kinds of student-reader group