Cryptorchid testis – An unusual intra-abdominal location

AbstractA 14-month old boy who had a history of a complex gastroschisis underwent closure at birth and was subsequently followed for an undescended right testicle. Diagnostic laparoscopy showed the testicle to be in a retroperitoneal location just inferior to the right kidney, and the internal ring was closed. We report our findings and review the unusual intra-abdominal locations of an undescended testicle

Augmenting Board Games using Virtual Reality

Virtual reality, VR, is a relatively new technology which right now shows great commercial potential and garners the attention of many game developers. Even though many games and prototypes have been made using VR technology, few studies have been found which explore how VR could augment games of genres other than computer games. Identifying and characterizing the possibilities of virtual reality could help developers to more effectively incorporate new aspects in their applications, as well as allowing them to easier identify novel areas of different design spaces. In this project, one such design space, Virtual reality augmented board games, is chosen as the subject for examination. Around this subject, two closely intertwined processes are done, one investigative and one developmental. Current games and literature are examined and several elements of interest are identified. Also, an original game, BoardNight, loosely based on an existing board game, is developed simultaneously as a compliment to the investigative effort, which allows for a more thorough examination of certain aspects of the design space. The elements of interest that were identified highlights aspects of the studied subject which was considered interesting in relation to developing BoardNight. While not necessarily enhancing a gameplay experience, all identified elements of interest proved to be of interest when augmenting board games. The resulting elements are not exhaustive and there are still elements within the design space which could be of interest to study further. Also, it would be beneficial to conduct user tests to get more objective results, which as of now could be considered to be somewhat subjective

Management of electrical and chemical burns in children

Background: Pediatric electrical and chemical burns are rare injuries, and the care of these patients varies significantly. We reviewed our experience in management of electrical and chemical burns to analyze the clinical course, management, and outcomes.Methods: A retrospective review was conducted on children with chemical and electrical burns presenting to two large regional pediatric burn centers over a 10-y period (2002-2012). Clinical data including patient demographics, nature of burns, management, and outcomes were collected and analyzed.Results: There were 50 cases, 25 chemical and electrical burns each. Overall, the mean±standard deviation age was 6.2±5.6 y, and the mean total body surface area burn was 4.3±3.2%. Chemical burns were larger, had less depth, and shorter length of stay, whereas electrical burns were smaller, deeper, and had a longer length of stay. Two chemical burns and six electrical burns required grafting. Twelve percent of electrical burns required rehabilitation, and 20% required compression garments for hypertrophic scars. Six percent required late surgeries.Conclusions: Pediatric electric and chemical burns are rare and require specialized care. Graft rates are not high but are mostly noted in electrical burns