Transport of First Rocks of The Solar System by X-winds

It has been suggested that chondrules and calcium-aluminum-rich inclusions (CAIs) were formed at the inner edge of the protoplanetary disk and then entrained in magnetocentrifugal X-winds. We study trajectories of such solid bodies with the consideration of the central star gravity, the protoplanetary disk gravity, and the gas drag of the wind. The efficiency of the gas drag depends on a parameter $\eta$, which is the product of the solid body size and density. We find that the gravity of the protoplanetary disk has a non-negligible effect on the trajectories. If a solid body re-enters the flared disk, the re-entering radius depends on the stellar magnetic dipole moment, the disk's gravity, the parameter $\eta$, and the initial launching angle. The disk's gravity can make the re-entering radius lower by up to 30%. We find a threshold $\eta$, denoted as $\eta_t$, for any particular configuration of the X-wind, below which the solid bodies will be expelled from the planetary system. $\eta_t$ sensitively depends on the initial launching angle, and also depends on the mass of the disk. Only the solid bodies with a $\eta$ larger than but very close to $\eta_t$ can be launched to a re-entering radius larger than 1 AU. This size-sorting effect may explain why chondrules come with a narrow range of sizes within each chondritic class. In general, the size distributions of CAIs and chondrules in chondrites can be determined from the initial size distribution as well as the distribution over the initial launching angle.Comment: Accepted for publication in Ap

Precision Studies of the Higgs Boson Profile at the e+e- Linear Collider

This paper reviews the potential of a high luminosity e+e- linear collider (LC) in the precision study of the Higgs boson profile. The complementarity of the linear collider data with that from the LHC is also discussed together with a comparison with a muon collider.Comment: 20 pages 11 figures, to appear in the Proceedings of the 5th Int. Linear Collider Workshop LCWS2000, Fermilab, October 200

Radio emission signature of Saturn immersions in Jupiter's magnetic tail

During the interval from about May through August 1981, when Voyager 2 was inbound to Saturn, the Planetary Radio Astronomy instrument measured repeated, dramatic decreases in the intensity of the Saturn Kilometric Radiation (SKR). The emission dropouts averaged two orders of magnitude below mean energy levels and varied from about 1 to 10 Saturn rotations in duration. Comparison with pre-Saturn encounter Voyager 1 observations (June to November, 1980) shows that the SKR dropouts were unique to the Voyager 2 observing interval, consistent with the closer proximity of Saturn to Jupiter's distant magnetotail in 1981. Further, the dropouts occurred on the average at times when Voyager 2 is known to have been within or near Jupiter's magnetic tail

Evidence for solar wind control of Saturn radio emission

Using data collected by the Voyager 1 and 2 spacecraft in 1980 and 1981, strong evidence is presented for a direct correlation between variations in the solar wind at Saturn and the level of activity of Saturn's nonthermal radio emission. Correlation coefficients of 57 to 58% are reached at lag times of 0 to 1 days between the arrival at Saturn of high pressure solar wind streams and the onset of increased radio emission. The radio emission exhibits a long-term periodicity of 25 days, identical to the periodicity seen in the solar wind at this time and consistent with the solar rotation period. The energy coupling efficiency between the solar wind with the Saturn radio emission is estimated and compared with that for Earth

CP violation in a light Higgs boson decay from tau-spin correlations at a linear collider

We present a new method to measure the transverse spin correlation in the $H\to\tau^+\tau^-$ decay. The method has been devised to be insensitive to the beamstrahlung which affects the definition of the beam energy at a linear collider. In the case of two $\tau\to\pi^\nu$ decays, using the anticipated detector performance of the TESLA project, we get a promising estimation of the error expected on the measurement of a CP violating phase.Comment: 10 pages, 4 figures, version published in Phys. Lett.