A utilização do laser e da acupuntura na reabilitação de lesões nervosas periféricas – revisão integrativa / The use of laser and acupuncture in the rehabilitation of peripheral nerve lesions - integrative review

O sistema nervoso periférico possui capacidade regenerativa, entretanto, essa ocorre de forma lenta, e por vezes incompleta, ocasionando desconfortos ao paciente devido à disfunção motora e sensorial que afeta o membro. O laser e a acupuntura são métodos terapêuticos diferentes capazes de agir na regeneração nervosa, promovendo efeitos cicatriciais, anti-inflamatórios e analgésicos. O objetivo desse estudo foi descrever uma comparação entre os métodos de laserterapia e acupuntura como intervenção terapêutica na reabilitação de lesões nervosas periféricas. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa. A busca foi realizada nas bases de dados eletrônicas PubMed, no período de 2013 a 2020, e utilizou-se as palavras-chaves “laser therapy”, “acupuncture”, “peripheral nerve repair” AND “peripheral nerve injury”. Foram encontrados 74 artigos, sendo desses, oito selecionados conforme os critérios de inclusão e exclusão. Foi possível concluir que ambos os métodos são eficazes no tratamento das lesões nervosas periféricas.

AVALIAÇÃO DO PERFIL SOCIAL DOS PREMIADOS NAS OLIMPÍADAS DE QUÍMICA DO ESTADO DO RIO GRANDE DO NORTE

The Olympics of Scientific Knowledge have been an important tool for dissemination of science among students. This research consists of evaluating the social profile of students awarded in the Chemistry Olympiad of Rio Grande do Norte (OQRN) from the years 2015 to 2019 with the aim of ascertaining the existence of a pattern. The OQRN awardees considered in this study were those who obtained gold, silver, bronze medals, and honorable mention. The social profile of the OQRN award winners was studied considering two characteristics of this population: the type of school (public or private) and place of residence (capital or countryside). A pattern was observed, where the largest number of winners are students from private schools and in the metropolitan region of the state. Thus, the data reveal that measures are needed to encourage greater participation of students from public schools and students from the interior of the state.Las Olimpiadas del Conocimiento Científico han sido una importante herramienta de divulgación científica entre los estudiantes. Esta investigación consiste en evaluar el perfil social de los estudiantes premiados en la Olimpiada de Química de Rio Grande do Norte (OQRN) de 2015 a 2019 con el fin de verificar la existencia de un patrón en los premiados. Los premiados de la OQRN considerados en este estudio fueron aquellos que obtuvieron medallas de oro, plata, bronce y mención honorífica. El relevamiento del perfil social de los premiados de la OQRN se realizó considerando dos características de esta población: el tipo de colegio (público o privado) y el lugar de residencia (capital o rural). Se observó un patrón, donde la mayor cantidad de ganadores son estudiantes de colegios privados y de la región metropolitana. Así, los datos revelan que se necesitan medidas para incentivar una mayor participación de estudiantes de escuelas públicas y estudiantes del interior del estado.As Olimpíadas de Conhecimento Científico têm sido uma importante ferramenta de divulgação científica entre estudantes. Esta pesquisa consiste em avaliar o perfil social dos alunos premiados na Olimpíada de Química do Rio Grande do Norte (OQRN) dos anos 2015 a 2019, com o objetivo de averiguar a existência de um padrão nos premiados. Os premiados da OQRN considerados neste estudo foram aqueles que obtiveram medalhas de ouro, prata, bronze e menção honrosa. O levantamento do perfil social dos premiados da OQRN foi feito considerando duas características dessa população: o tipo da escola (pública ou privada) e o local de residência (capital ou interior). Foi observado um padrão, onde o maior número de premiados são alunos das escolas privadas e da região metropolitana. Dessa forma, os dados revelam que são necessárias medidas que incentivem uma maior participação dos alunos das escolas públicas e alunos do interior do estado.As Olimpíadas de Conhecimento Científico têm sido uma importante ferramenta de divulgação científica entre estudantes. Esta pesquisa consiste em avaliar o perfil social dos alunos premiados na Olimpíada de Química do Rio Grande do Norte (OQRN) dos anos 2015 a 2019, com o objetivo de averiguar a existência de um padrão nos premiados. Os premiados da OQRN considerados neste estudo foram aqueles que obtiveram medalhas de ouro, prata, bronze e menção honrosa. O levantamento do perfil social dos premiados da OQRN foi feito considerando duas características dessa população: o tipo da escola (pública ou privada) e o local de residência (capital ou interior). Foi observado um padrão, onde o maior número de premiados são alunos das escolas privadas e da região metropolitana. Dessa forma, os dados revelam que são necessárias medidas que incentivem uma maior participação dos alunos das escolas públicas e alunos do interior do estado

Correlation between temporomandibular dysfunction, cervical posture and quality of life

INTRODUÇÃO: As disfunções temporomandibulares apresentam manifestações clínicas variadas, porém com alta prevalência de alterações posturais e impacto na qualidade de vida destes indivíduos. OBJETIVO: Caracterizar o grau de disfunção temporomandibular (DTM) e relacionar com a postura cervical e com a qualidade de vida em universitários. Método: Foram selecionados 98 indivíduos, de ambos os gêneros, com faixa etária entre 18 a 33 anos, através dos questionários, Índice Anamnético de Fonseca, que gradua a severidade da DTM e a versão brasileira do questionário de qualidade de Vida SF-36. A análise da postura de cabeça e pescoço foi realizada pelo software AlcimagemÒ, que oferece uma análise quantitativa dos ângulos. RESULTADOS: 68,36% apresentaram DTM Leve, 23,47% Moderada e 8,16% Severa;os mesmos apresentaram prejuízo principalmente nos domínios Vitalidade e Dor (X²= 0,03), sendo que Aspectos Emocionais e Sociais foram os domínios mais preservados. A média do ângulo cervical em indivíduos com DTM foi 90,76°(±7,72), sendo que há um aumento do ângulo cervical relacionado ao aumento do grau de severidade da DTM, porém não significante estatisticamente (r= 0,09). CONCLUSÃO: Houve uma prevalência maior de Disfunção Temporomandibular (DTM) leve, sendo que em relação ao ângulo cervical, houve um aumento com a severidade do grau de DTM, com piora da qualidade de vida nesta população.INTRODUCTION: Temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD) presents several clinical manifestations, with high prevalence of postural changes and impacts on the individual's quality of life. Objective: To characterize the degree of temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD) and to correlate it with cervical posture and the quality of life of undergraduate students. Materials and METHODS: Ninety-eight individuals between 18 and 33 years old of both sexes were selected by means of the questionnaires Fonseca's Anamnesis Index, which graduates TMD severity, and the Brazilian version of the SF-36 Quality of Life Questionnaire. Analysis of the head and neck posture was performed with the Alcimagem software, which offers a quantitative analysis of the angles. RESULTS: The data collected demonstrated that 68.36% of the subjects presented mild TMD, 23.47% presented moderate TMD and 8.16% presented severe TMD; the participants presented distortions in the Vitality and Pain domains (X²= 0.03), while the domains of Emotional and Social Aspects remained preserved. The average of cervical angle in individuals with TMD was 90.76°(±7.72), and an increase in cervical angle was observed related to the increase in TMD severity degree; however, this data was not statistically significant (r=0.09). CONCLUSION: TMD influenced the quality of life of the sample utilized. A possible increase in cervical angle related to an increased TMD severity degree is suggested

Erisipela: Explorando a Contaminação e a Incidência de Lesões Causadas por Infecção Bacteriana

Introduction: Erysipelas is a pathological condition resulting from skin infection, often triggered by the bacteria Streptococcus pyogenes. The disease can be triggered by several factors, including vulnerability in the skin barrier, poor blood circulation, immunological compromise and lymphatic disorders, thus highlighting the importance of a holistic approach in preventing this skin infection. Objective: To understand the contamination of erysipelas and the incidence of lesions caused by bacterial infection. Methodology: The Pubmed, Cochrane and MedLine databases were used, searching for articles published between 2015 and 2023, in Portuguese or English. Conclusion: Immediate and adequate medical follow-up is essential for better treatment and recovery from erysipelas, which despite not being a contagious disease, can promote skin complications from the emergence of a new infectious agent.Introdução: A erisipela é uma condição patológica resultante da infecção cutânea, frequentemente desencadeada pela bactéria Streptococcus pyogenes. A doença pode ser desencadeada por diversos fatores, dentre eles a vulnerabilidade na barreira cutânea, má circulação sanguínea, comprometimento imunológico e distúrbios linfáticos, sublinhando assim, a importância de uma abordagem holística na prevenção dessa infecção cutânea. Objetivo: Compreender a contaminação da erisipela e a incidência de lesões causadas por infecção bacteriana. Metodologia: Foram utilizadas as bases de dados Pubmed, Cochrane e MedLine, buscando artigos publicados entre os anos 2015 a 2023, nos idiomas Português ou Inglês. Conclusão: O acompanhamento médico imediato e adequado é essencial para o melhor direcionamento de tratamento e recuperação da erisipela, que apesar de não ser uma doença contagiosa, pode promover complicações cutâneas a partir do surgimento de um novo agente infeccioso

Search for dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks in √s = 13 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector

A search for weakly interacting massive particle dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks is presented. Final states containing third-generation quarks and miss- ing transverse momentum are considered. The analysis uses 36.1 fb−1 of proton–proton collision data recorded by the ATLAS experiment at √s = 13 TeV in 2015 and 2016. No significant excess of events above the estimated backgrounds is observed. The results are in- terpreted in the framework of simplified models of spin-0 dark-matter mediators. For colour- neutral spin-0 mediators produced in association with top quarks and decaying into a pair of dark-matter particles, mediator masses below 50 GeV are excluded assuming a dark-matter candidate mass of 1 GeV and unitary couplings. For scalar and pseudoscalar mediators produced in association with bottom quarks, the search sets limits on the production cross- section of 300 times the predicted rate for mediators with masses between 10 and 50 GeV and assuming a dark-matter mass of 1 GeV and unitary coupling. Constraints on colour- charged scalar simplified models are also presented. Assuming a dark-matter particle mass of 35 GeV, mediator particles with mass below 1.1 TeV are excluded for couplings yielding a dark-matter relic density consistent with measurements

Post-intervention Status in Patients With Refractory Myasthenia Gravis Treated With Eculizumab During REGAIN and Its Open-Label Extension

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether eculizumab helps patients with anti-acetylcholine receptor-positive (AChR+) refractory generalized myasthenia gravis (gMG) achieve the Myasthenia Gravis Foundation of America (MGFA) post-intervention status of minimal manifestations (MM), we assessed patients' status throughout REGAIN (Safety and Efficacy of Eculizumab in AChR+ Refractory Generalized Myasthenia Gravis) and its open-label extension. METHODS: Patients who completed the REGAIN randomized controlled trial and continued into the open-label extension were included in this tertiary endpoint analysis. Patients were assessed for the MGFA post-intervention status of improved, unchanged, worse, MM, and pharmacologic remission at defined time points during REGAIN and through week 130 of the open-label study. RESULTS: A total of 117 patients completed REGAIN and continued into the open-label study (eculizumab/eculizumab: 56; placebo/eculizumab: 61). At week 26 of REGAIN, more eculizumab-treated patients than placebo-treated patients achieved a status of improved (60.7% vs 41.7%) or MM (25.0% vs 13.3%; common OR: 2.3; 95% CI: 1.1-4.5). After 130 weeks of eculizumab treatment, 88.0% of patients achieved improved status and 57.3% of patients achieved MM status. The safety profile of eculizumab was consistent with its known profile and no new safety signals were detected. CONCLUSION: Eculizumab led to rapid and sustained achievement of MM in patients with AChR+ refractory gMG. These findings support the use of eculizumab in this previously difficult-to-treat patient population. CLINICALTRIALSGOV IDENTIFIER: REGAIN, NCT01997229; REGAIN open-label extension, NCT02301624. CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE: This study provides Class II evidence that, after 26 weeks of eculizumab treatment, 25.0% of adults with AChR+ refractory gMG achieved MM, compared with 13.3% who received placebo

Minimal Symptom Expression' in Patients With Acetylcholine Receptor Antibody-Positive Refractory Generalized Myasthenia Gravis Treated With Eculizumab

The efficacy and tolerability of eculizumab were assessed in REGAIN, a 26-week, phase 3, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in anti-acetylcholine receptor antibody-positive (AChR+) refractory generalized myasthenia gravis (gMG), and its open-label extension

Çédille, revista de estudios franceses

Presentació

Identification of genetic variants associated with Huntington's disease progression: a genome-wide association study

Background Huntington's disease is caused by a CAG repeat expansion in the huntingtin gene, HTT. Age at onset has been used as a quantitative phenotype in genetic analysis looking for Huntington's disease modifiers, but is hard to define and not always available. Therefore, we aimed to generate a novel measure of disease progression and to identify genetic markers associated with this progression measure. Methods We generated a progression score on the basis of principal component analysis of prospectively acquired longitudinal changes in motor, cognitive, and imaging measures in the 218 indivduals in the TRACK-HD cohort of Huntington's disease gene mutation carriers (data collected 2008–11). We generated a parallel progression score using data from 1773 previously genotyped participants from the European Huntington's Disease Network REGISTRY study of Huntington's disease mutation carriers (data collected 2003–13). We did a genome-wide association analyses in terms of progression for 216 TRACK-HD participants and 1773 REGISTRY participants, then a meta-analysis of these results was undertaken. Findings Longitudinal motor, cognitive, and imaging scores were correlated with each other in TRACK-HD participants, justifying use of a single, cross-domain measure of disease progression in both studies. The TRACK-HD and REGISTRY progression measures were correlated with each other (r=0·674), and with age at onset (TRACK-HD, r=0·315; REGISTRY, r=0·234). The meta-analysis of progression in TRACK-HD and REGISTRY gave a genome-wide significant signal (p=1·12 × 10−10) on chromosome 5 spanning three genes: MSH3, DHFR, and MTRNR2L2. The genes in this locus were associated with progression in TRACK-HD (MSH3 p=2·94 × 10−8 DHFR p=8·37 × 10−7 MTRNR2L2 p=2·15 × 10−9) and to a lesser extent in REGISTRY (MSH3 p=9·36 × 10−4 DHFR p=8·45 × 10−4 MTRNR2L2 p=1·20 × 10−3). The lead single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in TRACK-HD (rs557874766) was genome-wide significant in the meta-analysis (p=1·58 × 10−8), and encodes an aminoacid change (Pro67Ala) in MSH3. In TRACK-HD, each copy of the minor allele at this SNP was associated with a 0·4 units per year (95% CI 0·16–0·66) reduction in the rate of change of the Unified Huntington's Disease Rating Scale (UHDRS) Total Motor Score, and a reduction of 0·12 units per year (95% CI 0·06–0·18) in the rate of change of UHDRS Total Functional Capacity score. These associations remained significant after adjusting for age of onset. Interpretation The multidomain progression measure in TRACK-HD was associated with a functional variant that was genome-wide significant in our meta-analysis. The association in only 216 participants implies that the progression measure is a sensitive reflection of disease burden, that the effect size at this locus is large, or both. Knockout of Msh3 reduces somatic expansion in Huntington's disease mouse models, suggesting this mechanism as an area for future therapeutic investigation