Tindak Tutur Direktif Masyarakat Petani Cengkeh pada Guyub Tutur Adonara Tengah Flores Timur

This study provides an overview of the speech acts of the farming community in Kokotobo Village, Adonara Tengah District, East Flores Regency. The purpose of this writing is to find data and a clear picture of how the directive actions of the farmer community in Kokotobo Village, Adonara Tengah District, East Flores Regency. The method used is the method of engaging free listening proficiently. The technique used is observation, record and note, while the theory used is pragmatic theory. The results of this study indicate that in the directive speech act of the farmer community in Kokotobo Village, Adonara Tengah District, East Flores Regency, it was found: (1) the form of directive speech instructs, the form of advising, the form suggests (2) the meaning of the act said the mutual directive, the meaning of information (3) the speech act function of the request directive, the question function, the command function and the advice function.&nbsp

Modersmål: Investering eller pligt? En undersøgelse af polske forældres og Københavns Kommunes syn på modersmålsundervisning

In this article I investigate Polish parents living in Denmark and their motivations for letting their children participate in mother tongue education by looking at how their investment (or lack of investment) is linked to aspects of socio-economics, identity, and language ideology.I use Norton´s (1995, 2000, 2013) notions regarding motivation not being a primary factor in language acquisition in my investigation of contextual power relations and parental investment. I apply Duchêne and Heller’s (2012) distinction between pride and profit to determine what values parents associate with mother tongue.I find no statistically significant correlation between the children´s participation in mother tongue education and their parents´ education and employment. Sociolinguistic parameters like gender and age are relatively identical for children who attend mother tongue education and those who do not. Subsequently I have to look at language ideology to discover the differences.I find that parents who send children to mother tongue classes are driven by language ideology. They express pride and profit values connected to the mother tongue and learning Polish is considered to be an investment. I find the parent’s perspective to differ from the one of the Copenhagen Municipality and I discuss the possible consequences of this difference.In this article I investigate Polish parents living in Denmark and their motivations for letting their children participate in mother tongue education by looking at how their investment (or lack of investment) is linked to aspects of socio-economics, identity, and language ideology.I use Norton´s (1995, 2000, 2013) notions regarding motivation not being a primary factor in language acquisition in my investigation of contextual power relations and parental investment. I apply Duchêne and Heller’s (2012) distinction between pride and profit to determine what values parents associate with mother tongue.I find no statistically significant correlation between the children´s participation in mother tongue education and their parents´ education and employment. Sociolinguistic parameters like gender and age are relatively identical for children who attend mother tongue education and those who do not. Subsequently I have to look at language ideology to discover the differences.I find that parents who send children to mother tongue classes are driven by language ideology. They express pride and profit values connected to the mother tongue and learning Polish is considered to be an investment. I find the parent’s perspective to differ from the one of the Copenhagen Municipality and I discuss the possible consequences of this difference

Evidence-based nutritional guidelines : what is meant by trustworthy recommendations

The article aims to describe the characteristics of trustworthy recommendations as well as standards for trustworthy guidelines published by the Institute of Medicine and tools that can be used for quality assessment. The next section summarizes published assessments of guidelines quality using AGREE (Appraisal of Guidelines, Research and Evaluation) Instrument and the problems raised by the National Academy of Sciences regarding the development process of nutritional guidelines. Similar problems are also reflected in the assessment of quality of dietary guides, since less than 50?% of the documents were rated as high quality. The article is concluded with the description of the NutriRECS protocol, as an example of a strict, transparent and comprehensive approach to draw up nutritional guidance

Language Works 5(2)

Welcome to this edition of Language Works and merry Christmas and happy New Year from the editorial team. This time in Santa’s linguistic gift sack, we have six articles that represent a wide selection of linguistic areas and that show that linguistic analysis can shed light on many very different issues. In this issue, we travel far and wide. For example, we dive into the Danish Health Authority’s corona communication, we enter into the mind itself in an article on mentalization, and in one article, we go all the way to South America. In short, there’s an article for everyone.Welcome to this edition of Language Works and merry Christmas and happy New Year from the editorial team. This time in Santa’s linguistic gift sack, we have six articles that represent a wide selection of linguistic areas and that show that linguistic analysis can shed light on many very different issues. In this issue, we travel far and wide. For example, we dive into the Danish Health Authority’s corona communication, we enter into the mind itself in an article on mentalization, and in one article, we go all the way to South America. In short, there’s an article for everyone

Language Works 5(2)

Welcome to this edition of Language Works and merry Christmas and happy New Year from the editorial team. This time in Santa’s linguistic gift sack, we have six articles that represent a wide selection of linguistic areas and that show that linguistic analysis can shed light on many very different issues. In this issue, we travel far and wide. For example, we dive into the Danish Health Authority’s corona communication, we enter into the mind itself in an article on mentalization, and in one article, we go all the way to South America. In short, there’s an article for everyone.Welcome to this edition of Language Works and merry Christmas and happy New Year from the editorial team. This time in Santa’s linguistic gift sack, we have six articles that represent a wide selection of linguistic areas and that show that linguistic analysis can shed light on many very different issues. In this issue, we travel far and wide. For example, we dive into the Danish Health Authority’s corona communication, we enter into the mind itself in an article on mentalization, and in one article, we go all the way to South America. In short, there’s an article for everyone

LOS SISTEMAS MULTIMEDIA: UN ENFOQUE CONCEPTUAL COMO PRODUCTOS INFORMÁTICOS PARA EL PROCESO DE ENSEÑANZAAPRENDIZAJE

Las definiciones que existen sobre sistema multimedia, no siempre expresan lascaracterísticas esenciales o no toman en consideración aspectos didácticosactuales basados en el uso de las tecnologías digitales en el proceso deenseñanza- aprendizaje. Los sistemas multimedia, están incrementando supresencia en numerosas esferas de la actividad social, incluida la educación,donde se espera que puedan tener en los próximos años un gran empleo. Losautores coinciden en considerar, que el producto final de un sistema multimediaes algo novedoso como medio de enseñanza, este no significa la suma de lasposibilidades de cada medio que emplea, sino algo completamente distinto ensus relaciones, es decir, el sistema. El trabajo de revisión bibliográfica realizado,permitió comprender en los conceptos analizados, que el sistema multimedia esun conjunto de medios u objetos, que establecen una relación entre sí, la queinfluye en el funcionamiento pedagógico final del conjunto. Estasconceptualizaciones, permiten llegar a considerar cuando estamos en supresencia. El artículo por tanto tiene como objetivo, explicar los fundamentosteórico, mediante un acercamiento al concepto de sistema multimedia comorecurso informático importante en el proceso de enseñanza – aprendizaje

Global, regional, and national sex-specific burden and control of the HIV epidemic, 1990-2019, for 204 countries and territories: the Global Burden of Diseases Study 2019

Background: The sustainable development goals (SDGs) aim to end HIV/AIDS as a public health threat by 2030. Understanding the current state of the HIV epidemic and its change over time is essential to this effort. This study assesses the current sex-specific HIV burden in 204 countries and territories and measures progress in the control of the epidemic. Methods: To estimate age-specific and sex-specific trends in 48 of 204 countries, we extended the Estimation and Projection Package Age-Sex Model to also implement the spectrum paediatric model. We used this model in cases where age and sex specific HIV-seroprevalence surveys and antenatal care-clinic sentinel surveillance data were available. For the remaining 156 of 204 locations, we developed a cohort-incidence bias adjustment to derive incidence as a function of cause-of-death data from vital registration systems. The incidence was input to a custom Spectrum model. To assess progress, we measured the percentage change in incident cases and deaths between 2010 and 2019 (threshold >75% decline), the ratio of incident cases to number of people living with HIV (incidence-to-prevalence ratio threshold <0·03), and the ratio of incident cases to deaths (incidence-to-mortality ratio threshold <1·0). Findings: In 2019, there were 36·8 million (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 35·1–38·9) people living with HIV worldwide. There were 0·84 males (95% UI 0·78–0·91) per female living with HIV in 2019, 0·99 male infections (0·91–1·10) for every female infection, and 1·02 male deaths (0·95–1·10) per female death. Global progress in incident cases and deaths between 2010 and 2019 was driven by sub-Saharan Africa (with a 28·52% decrease in incident cases, 95% UI 19·58–35·43, and a 39·66% decrease in deaths, 36·49–42·36). Elsewhere, the incidence remained stable or increased, whereas deaths generally decreased. In 2019, the global incidence-to-prevalence ratio was 0·05 (95% UI 0·05–0·06) and the global incidence-to-mortality ratio was 1·94 (1·76–2·12). No regions met suggested thresholds for progress. Interpretation: Sub-Saharan Africa had both the highest HIV burden and the greatest progress between 1990 and 2019. The number of incident cases and deaths in males and females approached parity in 2019, although there remained more females with HIV than males with HIV. Globally, the HIV epidemic is far from the UNAIDS benchmarks on progress metrics. Funding: The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, the National Institute of Mental Health of the US National Institutes of Health (NIH), and the National Institute on Aging of the NIH

The global burden of adolescent and young adult cancer in 2019 : a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Background In estimating the global burden of cancer, adolescents and young adults with cancer are often overlooked, despite being a distinct subgroup with unique epidemiology, clinical care needs, and societal impact. Comprehensive estimates of the global cancer burden in adolescents and young adults (aged 15-39 years) are lacking. To address this gap, we analysed results from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019, with a focus on the outcome of disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), to inform global cancer control measures in adolescents and young adults. Methods Using the GBD 2019 methodology, international mortality data were collected from vital registration systems, verbal autopsies, and population-based cancer registry inputs modelled with mortality-to-incidence ratios (MIRs). Incidence was computed with mortality estimates and corresponding MIRs. Prevalence estimates were calculated using modelled survival and multiplied by disability weights to obtain years lived with disability (YLDs). Years of life lost (YLLs) were calculated as age-specific cancer deaths multiplied by the standard life expectancy at the age of death. The main outcome was DALYs (the sum of YLLs and YLDs). Estimates were presented globally and by Socio-demographic Index (SDI) quintiles (countries ranked and divided into five equal SDI groups), and all estimates were presented with corresponding 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs). For this analysis, we used the age range of 15-39 years to define adolescents and young adults. Findings There were 1.19 million (95% UI 1.11-1.28) incident cancer cases and 396 000 (370 000-425 000) deaths due to cancer among people aged 15-39 years worldwide in 2019. The highest age-standardised incidence rates occurred in high SDI (59.6 [54.5-65.7] per 100 000 person-years) and high-middle SDI countries (53.2 [48.8-57.9] per 100 000 person-years), while the highest age-standardised mortality rates were in low-middle SDI (14.2 [12.9-15.6] per 100 000 person-years) and middle SDI (13.6 [12.6-14.8] per 100 000 person-years) countries. In 2019, adolescent and young adult cancers contributed 23.5 million (21.9-25.2) DALYs to the global burden of disease, of which 2.7% (1.9-3.6) came from YLDs and 97.3% (96.4-98.1) from YLLs. Cancer was the fourth leading cause of death and tenth leading cause of DALYs in adolescents and young adults globally. Interpretation Adolescent and young adult cancers contributed substantially to the overall adolescent and young adult disease burden globally in 2019. These results provide new insights into the distribution and magnitude of the adolescent and young adult cancer burden around the world. With notable differences observed across SDI settings, these estimates can inform global and country-level cancer control efforts. Copyright (C) 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.Peer reviewe

Azimuthal anisotropy of charged jet production in root s(NN)=2.76 TeV Pb-Pb collisions

We present measurements of the azimuthal dependence of charged jet production in central and semi-central root s(NN) = 2.76 TeV Pb-Pb collisions with respect to the second harmonic event plane, quantified as nu(ch)(2) (jet). Jet finding is performed employing the anti-k(T) algorithm with a resolution parameter R = 0.2 using charged tracks from the ALICE tracking system. The contribution of the azimuthal anisotropy of the underlying event is taken into account event-by-event. The remaining (statistical) region-to-region fluctuations are removed on an ensemble basis by unfolding the jet spectra for different event plane orientations independently. Significant non-zero nu(ch)(2) (jet) is observed in semi-central collisions (30-50% centrality) for 20 <p(T)(ch) (jet) <90 GeV/c. The azimuthal dependence of the charged jet production is similar to the dependence observed for jets comprising both charged and neutral fragments, and compatible with measurements of the nu(2) of single charged particles at high p(T). Good agreement between the data and predictions from JEWEL, an event generator simulating parton shower evolution in the presence of a dense QCD medium, is found in semi-central collisions. (C) 2015 CERN for the benefit of the ALICE Collaboration. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).Peer reviewe

Production of He-4 and (4) in Pb-Pb collisions at root(NN)-N-S=2.76 TeV at the LHC

Results on the production of He-4 and (4) nuclei in Pb-Pb collisions at root(NN)-N-S = 2.76 TeV in the rapidity range vertical bar y vertical bar <1, using the ALICE detector, are presented in this paper. The rapidity densities corresponding to 0-10% central events are found to be dN/dy4(He) = (0.8 +/- 0.4 (stat) +/- 0.3 (syst)) x 10(-6) and dN/dy4 = (1.1 +/- 0.4 (stat) +/- 0.2 (syst)) x 10(-6), respectively. This is in agreement with the statistical thermal model expectation assuming the same chemical freeze-out temperature (T-chem = 156 MeV) as for light hadrons. The measured ratio of (4)/He-4 is 1.4 +/- 0.8 (stat) +/- 0.5 (syst). (C) 2018 Published by Elsevier B.V.Peer reviewe