Insecticidal Effect Of Labramin, A Lectinlike Protein Isolated From Seeds Of The Beach Apricot Tree, Labramia Bojeri, On The Mediterranean Flour Moth, Ephestia Kuehniella

The objective of this work was to study the insecticidal effect of labramin, a protein that shows lectinlike properties. Labramin was isolated from seeds of the Beach Apricot tree, Labramia bojeri A. DC ex Dubard (Ericales: Sapotaceae), and assessed against the development of the Mediterranean flour moth Ephestia kuehniella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), an important pest of stored products such as corn, wheat, rice, and flour. Results showed that labramin caused 90% larval mortality when incorporated in an artificial diet at a level of 1% (w/w). The presence of 0.25% labramin in the diet affected the larval and pupal developmental periods and the percentage of emerging adults. Treatments resulted in elevated levels of trypsin activity in midgut and fecal materials, indicating that labramin may have affected enzymeregulatory mechanisms by perturbing peritrophic membranes in the midgut of is. kuehniella larvae. The results of dietary experiments with E. kuehniella larvae showed a reduced efficiency for the conversion of ingested and digested food, and an increase in approximate digestibility and metabolic cost. These findings suggest that labramin may hold promise as a control agent to engineer crop plants for insect resistance. © This is an open access paper. We use the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license that permits unrestricted use, provided that the paper is properly attributed.12Ayvaz, A., Osman, S., Salih, K., Ismet, O., Insecticidal activity of the essential oils from different plants against three stored-product insects (2008) Journal of Insect Science, 10, p. 21. , insectscience.org/10.21Boobis, A.R., Ossendorp, B.C., Banasiak, U., Hamey, P.Y., Sebestyen, I., Moretto, A., Cumulative risk assessment of pesticide residues in food (2008) Toxicology Letters, 15, pp. 137-150Boleti, A.P., Kubo, C.E.G., MacEdo, M.L.R., Effect of Pouterin, a protein from Pouteria torta (Sapotaceae) seeds, on the development of Ephestia kuehniella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) (2009) International Journal of Tropical Insect Science, 29, pp. 24-30Bradford, M.M., A rapid and sensitive method for the quantification of microgram quantities of protein using the principle of protein-dye binding (1976) Analytical Biochemistry, 72, pp. 248-254Carlini, C.R., Grossi-De-Sa, M.F., Plant toxic proteins with insecticidal properties. A review on their potentialities as bioinsecticides (2002) Toxicon, 40 (11), pp. 1515-1539. , DOI 10.1016/S0041-0101(02)00240-4, PII S0041010102002404Coelho, M.B., Marangoni, S., Macedo, M.L.R., Insecticidal action of Annona coriacea lectin against the flour moth Anagasta kuehniella and the rice moth Corcyra cephalonica (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) (2007) Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology - C Toxicology and Pharmacology, 146 (3), pp. 406-414. , DOI 10.1016/j.cbpc.2007.05.001, PII S1532045607001354Eisemann, C.H., Donaldson, R.A., Pearson, R.D., Cadagon, L.C., Vacuolo, T., Tellman, R.L., Larvicidal activity of lectins on Lucilia cuprina: Mechanism of action (1994) Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 72, pp. 1-11Fabre, C., Causse, H., Mourey, L., Koninkx, J., Riviere, M., Hendriks, H., Puzo, G., Rouge, P., Characterization and sugar-binding properties of arcelin-1, an insecticidal lectin-like protein isolated from kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L. Cv. RAZ-2) seeds (1998) Biochemical Journal, 329 (3), pp. 551-560Farrar, R.R., Barbour, J.D., Kennedy, G.G., Quantifying food consumption and growth in insects (1989) Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 82, pp. 593-598Fitches, E., Gatehouse, A.M.R., Gatehouse, J.A., Effects of snowdrop lectin (GNA) delivered via artificial diet and transgenic plants on the development of tomato moth (Lacanobia oleracea) larvae in laboratory and glasshouse trials (1997) Journal of Insect Physiology, 43 (8), pp. 727-739. , DOI 10.1016/S0022-1910(97)00042-5, PII S0022191097000425Fitches, E., Gatehouse, J.A., A comparison of the short and long term effects of insecticidal lectins on the activities of soluble and brush border enzymes of tomato moth larvae (Lacanobia oleracea) (1998) Journal of Insect Physiology, 44 (12), pp. 1213-1224. , DOI 10.1016/S0022-1910(98)00090-0, PII S0022191098000900Fitches, E., Wiles, D., Douglas, A.E., Hinchliffe, G., Audsley, N., Gatehouse, J.A., The insecticidal activity of recombinant garlic lectins towards aphids (2008) Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 38, pp. 905-915Gatehouse, A.M., Powell, K.S., Peumans, W.J., Van Damme, E.J., Gatehouse, J.A., Insecticidal properties of plant lectins: Their potential in plant protection (1995) Lectins: Biomedical Perspectives, pp. 35-58. , Pusztai A, Bardocz S, Editors. Taylor and FrancisHarper, M.S., Hopkins, T.L., Czapla, T.H., Effect of wheat germ agglutinin on formation and structure of the peritrophic membrane in European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis) larvae (1998) Tissue and Cell, 30 (2), pp. 166-176. , DOI 10.1016/S0040-8166(98)80065-7Hosseininaveh, V., Bandani, A., Hosseininaveh, F., Digestive proteolytic activity in the Sunn pest, Eurygaster integriceps (2009) Journal of Insect Science, 9, p. 70. , insectscience.org/9.70Laemmili, U.K., Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4 (1970) Nature, 227, pp. 680-685Lam, S.K., Ng, T.B., Lectins: Production and practical applications (2011) Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 89, pp. 45-55MacEdo, M.L.R., Fernandes, K.V.S., Sales, M.P., Xavier-Filho, J., Vicilins variants and the resistance of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) seeds to the cowpea weevil (Callosobruchus maculatus) (1993) Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, 105, pp. 84-94MacEdo, M.L.R., Durigan, R.A., Silva, D.S., Marangoni, S., Freire, M.G.M., Parra, J.R.P., Adenanthera pavonina trypsin inhibitor retard growth of Ephestia kuehniella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) (2010) Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology, 73, pp. 213-231MacEdo, M.L.R., Damico, D.C.S., Freire, M.G.M., Toyama, M.H., Marangoni, S., Novello, J.C., Purification and characterization of an Nacetylglucosamine- binding lectin from Koelreuteria paniculata seeds and its effect on the larval development of Callosobruchus maculatus (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) and Ephestia kuehniella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) (2003) Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 51, pp. 2980-2986MacEdo, M.L.R., Freire, M.G.M., Martins, L.T.D.M., Martinez, D.S.T., Gomes, V.M., Smolka, M.B., Toyama, M.H., Coelho, L.C.B.B., Novel protein from Labramia bojeri A. DC. Seeds homologue to kunitz-type trypsin inhibitor with lectin-like properties (2004) Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 52, pp. 7548-7554Macedo, M.L.R., De Castro, M.M., Freire, M.D.G.M., Mechanisms of the insecticidal action of TEL (Talisia esculenta Lectin) against Callosobruchus maculatus (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) (2004) Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology, 56 (2), pp. 84-96. , DOI 10.1002/arch.10145Macedo, M.L.R., Freire, M.D.G.M., Da Silva, M.B.R., Coelho, L.C.B.B., Insecticidal action of Bauhinia monandra leaf lectin (BmoLL) against Anagasta kuehniella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), Zabrotes subfasciatus and Callosobruchus maculatus (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) (2007) Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology - A Molecular and Integrative Physiology, 146 (4), pp. 486-498. , DOI 10.1016/j.cbpa.2006.01.020, PII S1095643306000316, Second Special Issue of CBP dedicated to "The Face of Latin American Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology"Machuka, J., Van Damme, E.J.M., Peumans, W.J., Jackai, L.E.N., Effect of plant lectins on larval development of the legume pod borer, Maruca vitrata (1999) Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 93 (2), pp. 179-187. , DOI 10.1023/A:1003801120192Murdock, L.L., Shade, R.E., Lectins and protease inhibitors as plant defenses against insects (2002) Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 50 (22), pp. 6605-6611. , DOI 10.1021/jf020192cOliveira, C.F.R., Luz, L.A., Paiva, P.M.G., Coelho, L.C.B.B., Marangoni, S., MacEdo, M.L.R., Evaluation of seed coagulant Moringa oleifera lectin (cMoL) as a bioinsecticidal tool with potential for the control of insects (2011) Process Biochemistry, 46, pp. 498-504Pusztai, A., Ewen, S.W.B., Grant, G., Peumans, W.J., Van Damme, E.J.M., Rubio, L., Bardocz, S., Relationship between survival and binding of plant lectins during small intestinal passage and their effectiveness as growth factors (1990) Digestion, 46 (SUPPL. 2), pp. 308-316Scriber, J.M., Slansky Jr., F., He nutritional ecology of immature insects (1981) Annual Review of Entomology, 26, pp. 183-211Sharma, H.C., Sharma, K.K., Crouch, J.H., Genetic transformation of crops for insect resistance: Potential and limitations (2004) Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences, 23 (1), pp. 47-72. , DOI 10.1080/07352680490273400Srinivasan, A., Giri, A.P., Gupta, V.S., Structural and functional diversities in lepidopteran serine proteases (2006) Cellular and Molecular Biology Letters, 11 (1), pp. 132-154. , http://www.springerlink.com/content/r034203283014155/fulltext.pdf, DOI 10.2478/s11658-006-0012-8Terra, W.R., Ferreira, C., Jordao, B.P., Dilion, R.J., Digestive enzymes (1996) Biology of the Insect Midgut, pp. 153-194. , Lehane MJ, Billingsley PF, Editors. Chapman and HallTerra, W.R., The origin and functions of the insect peritrophic membrane and peritrophic gel (2001) Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology, 47 (2), pp. 47-61. , DOI 10.1002/arch.1036Vandenborre, G., Smagghe, G., Van Damme, E.J., Plant lectins as defense proteins against phytophagous insects (2011) Phytochemistry, 72 (13), pp. 1538-1550Vasconcelos, I.M., Oliveira, J.T.A., Ntinutritional properties of plant lectins (2004) Toxicon, 15, pp. 385-403Wang, P., Granados, R.R., Molecular structure of the peritrophic membrane (PM): Identification of potential PM target sites for insect control (2001) Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology, 47 (2), pp. 110-118. , DOI 10.1002/arch.1041Wheeler, D.A., Isman, M.B., Antifeedant and toxic activity of Trichilia americana extract against the larvae of Spodoptera litura (2001) Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 98 (2), pp. 9-1

Resposta à flexão e análise de tenacidade de argamassas reforçadas com fibra de Curauá

O desenvolvimento e comercialização de materiais compósitos produzidos a partir de fibras naturais são considerados extremamente importante, uma vez que essas fibras reduzirão a dependência dos materiais produzidos com recursos não renováveis. Dentre essas fibras naturais destaca-se a fibra do curauá, sua utilização na produção de compósitos melhora de forma notável as propriedades do conjunto fibra matriz, logo o presente artigo objetiva estudar as propriedades mecânicas de compósitos reforçados com fibra de curauá, em especial sua resistência à flexão e tenacidade. Para isso foram confeccionadas cinco famílias de argamassas, uma de referência sem utilização da fibra e as outras quatro reforçada com fibra variando o comprimento da fibra e sua fração volumétrica. Verificou-se que a fibra do curauá ao ser adicionada em matriz cimentícia melhora suas propriedades mecânicas comparada a um compósito não reforçado com fibra, sua deformação, resistência à flexão e tenacidade são melhoradas

Measurement of the cross section for isolated-photon plus jet production in pp collisions at √s=13 TeV using the ATLAS detector

The dynamics of isolated-photon production in association with a jet in proton–proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV are studied with the ATLAS detector at the LHC using a dataset with an integrated luminosity of 3.2 fb−1. Photons are required to have transverse energies above 125 GeV. Jets are identified using the anti- algorithm with radius parameter and required to have transverse momenta above 100 GeV. Measurements of isolated-photon plus jet cross sections are presented as functions of the leading-photon transverse energy, the leading-jet transverse momentum, the azimuthal angular separation between the photon and the jet, the photon–jet invariant mass and the scattering angle in the photon–jet centre-of-mass system. Tree-level plus parton-shower predictions from Sherpa and Pythia as well as next-to-leading-order QCD predictions from Jetphox and Sherpa are compared to the measurements

A search for resonances decaying into a Higgs boson and a new particle X in the XH → qqbb final state with the ATLAS detector

A search for heavy resonances decaying into a Higgs boson (H) and a new particle (X) is reported, utilizing 36.1 fb−1 of proton–proton collision data at collected during 2015 and 2016 with the ATLAS detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. The particle X is assumed to decay to a pair of light quarks, and the fully hadronic final state is analysed. The search considers the regime of high XH resonance masses, where the X and H bosons are both highly Lorentz-boosted and are each reconstructed using a single jet with large radius parameter. A two-dimensional phase space of XH mass versus X mass is scanned for evidence of a signal, over a range of XH resonance mass values between 1 TeV and 4 TeV, and for X particles with masses from 50 GeV to 1000 GeV. All search results are consistent with the expectations for the background due to Standard Model processes, and 95% CL upper limits are set, as a function of XH and X masses, on the production cross-section of the resonance

Combination of searches for Higgs boson pairs in pp collisions at \sqrts = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector

This letter presents a combination of searches for Higgs boson pair production using up to 36.1 fb(-1) of proton-proton collision data at a centre-of-mass energy root s = 13 TeV recorded with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The combination is performed using six analyses searching for Higgs boson pairs decaying into the b (b) over barb (b) over bar, b (b) over barW(+)W(-), b (b) over bar tau(+)tau(-), W+W-W+W-, b (b) over bar gamma gamma and W+W-gamma gamma final states. Results are presented for non-resonant and resonant Higgs boson pair production modes. No statistically significant excess in data above the Standard Model predictions is found. The combined observed (expected) limit at 95% confidence level on the non-resonant Higgs boson pair production cross-section is 6.9 (10) times the predicted Standard Model cross-section. Limits are also set on the ratio (kappa(lambda)) of the Higgs boson self-coupling to its Standard Model value. This ratio is constrained at 95% confidence level in observation (expectation) to -5.0 &lt; kappa(lambda) &lt; 12.0 (-5.8 &lt; kappa(lambda) &lt; 12.0). In addition, limits are set on the production of narrow scalar resonances and spin-2 Kaluza-Klein Randall-Sundrum gravitons. Exclusion regions are also provided in the parameter space of the habemus Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model and the Electroweak Singlet Model. For complete list of authors see http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2019.135103</p

Searches for lepton-flavour-violating decays of the Higgs boson in s=13\sqrt{s}=13 TeV pp\mathit{pp} collisions with the ATLAS detector

This Letter presents direct searches for lepton flavour violation in Higgs boson decays, H → eτ and H → μτ , performed with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The searches are based on a data sample of proton–proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy √s = 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 36.1 fb−1. No significant excess is observed above the expected background from Standard Model processes. The observed (median expected) 95% confidence-level upper limits on the leptonflavour-violating branching ratios are 0.47% (0.34+0.13−0.10%) and 0.28% (0.37+0.14−0.10%) for H → eτ and H → μτ , respectively.publishedVersio

Search for flavour-changing neutral currents in processes with one top quark and a photon using 81 fb⁻¹ of pp collisions at \sqrts = 13 TeV with the ATLAS experiment

A search for flavour-changing neutral current (FCNC) events via the coupling of a top quark, a photon, and an up or charm quark is presented using 81 fb−1 of proton–proton collision data taken at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. Events with a photon, an electron or muon, a b-tagged jet, and missing transverse momentum are selected. A neural network based on kinematic variables differentiates between events from signal and background processes. The data are consistent with the background-only hypothesis, and limits are set on the strength of the tqγ coupling in an effective field theory. These are also interpreted as 95% CL upper limits on the cross section for FCNC tγ production via a left-handed (right-handed) tuγ coupling of 36 fb (78 fb) and on the branching ratio for t→γu of 2.8×10−5 (6.1×10−5). In addition, they are interpreted as 95% CL upper limits on the cross section for FCNC tγ production via a left-handed (right-handed) tcγ coupling of 40 fb (33 fb) and on the branching ratio for t→γc of 22×10−5 (18×10−5). © 2019 The Author(s