RELACIÓN ENTRE CONDICIÓN FÍSICA Y RENDIMIENTO ACADÉMICO EN ESTUDIANTES DE COLEGIOS MUNICIPALES DE LA SERENA-CHILE.

The aim of this investigation was to compare the relationship between different components of physical fitness with academic performance in public school students from La Serena, Chile. To perform the analysis, data from the following test was collected: Test Course-Navette, horizontal broad jump, body mass index (B.M.I.) and waist perimeter, test applied to public school students during 2019; as well as grades averages from Language, Mathematics, Sciences, History, Physical Education, and grade point average. The data from 1629 students from 19 different schools were included for the analysis. To compare the relationship between the mentioned variables, the Spearman correlation coefficient was applied through IBM® SPSS® statistics. Of the four test considered, waist perimeter and maximal oxygen consumption (VO2máx) were the ones with the highest number of statistically significant relationships with the different subjects and grade point average, with 3 out of 6 (50%) and 4 out of 6 (66,6%) respectively. According to the obtained results, it concludes that a significant relationship exists between the variables waist perimeter and VO2máx with academic performance in students from public schools from La Serena, Chile, so it is proposed to dedicate efforts and to use better strategies to strengthen both variables of physical fitness in educational institutions with the purpose to stimulate the academic performance of the students.El objetivo de esta investigación fue comparar la relación entre distintos componentes de la condición física con el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes de colegios municipales de La Serena, Chile. Para llevar a cabo dicho análisis, se recogieron los datos de las siguientes pruebas: Test Course-Navette, prueba de salto horizontal, índice de masa corporal (I.M.C), y perímetro de cintura, pruebas aplicadas a los estudiantes de colegios municipales durante 2019; así como sus promedios de notas en las asignaturas de Lenguaje, Matemática, Ciencias, Historia, Educación Física y el promedio general. Los datos de 1629 estudiantes de 19 colegios distintos fueron incluidos para su análisis. Para comparar la relación entre las variables mencionadas, se aplicó el coeficiente de correlación de Spearman mediante el programa estadístico IBM® SPPS®. De las cuatro pruebas consideradas, el perímetro de cintura y el consumo máximo de oxígeno (VO2máx) fueron los que presentaron mayor cantidad de relaciones estadísticamente significativas con las distintas asignaturas y promedio general, con 3 de 6 (50%) y 4 de 6 (66,6%) respectivamente. Según los resultados obtenidos, se concluye que existe una relación significativa entre las variables perímetro de cintura y VO2máx con el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes de colegio de dependencia municipal en la comuna de La Serena, Chile, por lo que se propone dedicar esfuerzos y usar mejores estrategias para fortalecer ambas variables de la condición física en las instituciones educativas con el fin de favorecer el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes

Retrospective evaluation of whole exome and genome mutation calls in 746 cancer samples

Funder: NCI U24CA211006Abstract: The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) curated consensus somatic mutation calls using whole exome sequencing (WES) and whole genome sequencing (WGS), respectively. Here, as part of the ICGC/TCGA Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) Consortium, which aggregated whole genome sequencing data from 2,658 cancers across 38 tumour types, we compare WES and WGS side-by-side from 746 TCGA samples, finding that ~80% of mutations overlap in covered exonic regions. We estimate that low variant allele fraction (VAF < 15%) and clonal heterogeneity contribute up to 68% of private WGS mutations and 71% of private WES mutations. We observe that ~30% of private WGS mutations trace to mutations identified by a single variant caller in WES consensus efforts. WGS captures both ~50% more variation in exonic regions and un-observed mutations in loci with variable GC-content. Together, our analysis highlights technological divergences between two reproducible somatic variant detection efforts

Plant performance on Mediterranean green roofs: interaction of species-specific hydraulic strategies and substrate water relations

6noRecent studies have highlighted the ecological, economic and social benefits assured by green roof technology to urban areas. However, green roofs are very hostile environments for plant growth because of shallow substrate depths, high temperatures and irradiance and wind exposure. This study provides experimental evidence for the importance of accurate selection of plant species and substrates for implementing green roofs in hot and arid regions, like the Mediterranean area. Experiments were performed on two shrub species (Arbutus unedo L. and Salvia officinalis L.) grown in green roof experimental modules with two substrates slightly differing in their water retention properties, as derived from moisture release curves. Physiological measurements were performed on both well-watered and drought-stressed plants. Gas exchange, leaf and xylem water potential and also plant hydraulic conductance were measured at different time intervals following the last irrigation. The substrate type significantly affected water status. Arbutus unedo and S. officinalis showed different hydraulic responses to drought stress, with the former species being substantially isohydric and the latter one anisohydric. Both A. unedo and S. officinalis were found to be suitable species for green roofs in the Mediterranean area. However, our data suggest that appropriate choice of substrate is key to the success of green roof installations in arid environments, especially if anisohydric species are employed.openopenRaimondo, Fabio; Trifilò, Patrizia; Lo Gullo, Maria A; Andri, Sergio; Savi, Tadeja; Nardini, AndreaRaimondo, Fabio; Trifilò, Patrizia; Lo Gullo, Maria A; Andri, Sergio; Savi, Tadeja; Nardini, Andre

Gap-Filling of NDVI Satellite Data Using Tucker Decomposition: Exploiting Spatio-Temporal Patterns

Remote sensing satellite images in the optical domain often contain missing or misleading data due to overcast conditions or sensor malfunctioning, concealing potentially important information. In this paper, we apply expectation maximization (EM) Tucker to NDVI satellite data from the Iberian Peninsula in order to gap-fill missing information. EM Tucker belongs to a family of tensor decomposition methods that are known to offer a number of interesting properties, including the ability to directly analyze data stored in multidimensional arrays and to explicitly exploit their multiway structure, which is lost when traditional spatial-, temporal- and spectral-based methods are used. In order to evaluate the gap-filling accuracy of EM Tucker for NDVI images, we used three data sets based on advanced very-high resolution radiometer (AVHRR) imagery over the IberianPeninsula with artificially added missing data as well as a data set originating from the Iberian Peninsula with natural missing data. The performance of EM Tucker was compared to a simple mean imputation, a spatio-temporal hybrid method, and an iterative method based on principal component analysis (PCA). In comparison, imputation of the missing data using EM Tucker consistently yielded the most accurate results across the three simulated data sets, with levels of missing data ranging from 10 to 90

MemPool Meets Systolic: Flexible Systolic Computation in a Large Shared-Memory Processor Cluster

Systolic arrays and shared-memory manycore clusters are two widely used architectural templates that offer vastly different trade-offs. Systolic arrays achieve exceptional performance for workloads with regular dataflow at the cost of a rigid architecture and programming model. Shared-memory manycore systems are more flexible and easy to program, but data must be moved explicitly to/from cores. This work combines the best of both worlds by adding a systolic overlay to a general-purpose shared-memory manycore cluster allowing for efficient systolic execution while maintaining flexibility. We propose and implement two instruction set architecture extensions enabling native and automatic communication between cores through shared memory. Our hybrid approach allows configuring different systolic topologies at execution time and running hybrid systolic-shared-memory computations. The hybrid architecture's convolution kernel outperforms the optimized shared-memory one by 18%

Within-subject comparison of [(11)C]-(+)-PHNO and [(11)C]raclopride sensitivity to acute amphetamine challenge in healthy humans

[(11)C]PHNO is a D(2)/D(3) agonist positron emission tomography radiotracer, with higher in vivo affinity for D(3) than for D(2) receptors. As [(11)C]-(+)-PHNO is an agonist, its in vivo binding is expected to be more affected by acute fluctuations in synaptic dopamine than that of antagonist radiotracers such as [(11)C]raclopride. In this study, the authors compared the effects of an oral dose of the dopamine releaser amphetamine (0.3 mg/kg) on in vivo binding of [(11)C]-(+)-PHNO and [(11)C]raclopride in healthy subjects, using a within-subjects, counterbalanced, open-label design. In the dorsal striatum, where the density of D(3) receptors is negligible and both tracers predominantly bind to D(2) receptors, the reduction of [(11)C]-(+)-PHNO binding potential (BP(ND)) was 1.5 times larger than that of [(11)C]raclopride. The gain in sensitivity associated with the agonist [(11)C]-(+)-PHNO implies that ∼65% of D(2) receptors are in the high-affinity state in vivo. In extrastriatal regions, where [(11)C]-(+)-PHNO predominantly binds to D(3) receptors, the amphetamine effect on [(11)C]-(+)-PHNO BP(ND) was even larger, consistent with the higher affinity of dopamine for D(3). This study indicates that [(11)C]-(+)-PHNO is superior to [(11)C]raclopride for studying acute fluctuations in synaptic dopamine in the human striatum. [(11)C]-(+)-PHNO also enables measurement of synaptic dopamine in D(3) regions

Sex differences in oncogenic mutational processes

Funder: Canadian Network for Research and Innovation in Machining Technology, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC Canadian Network for Research and Innovation in Machining Technology); doi: https://doi.org/10.13039/501100002790Funder: Genome Canada (Génome Canada); doi: https://doi.org/10.13039/100008762Funder: Canada Foundation for Innovation (Fondation canadienne pour l'innovation); doi: https://doi.org/10.13039/501100000196Funder: Terry Fox Research Institute (Institut de Recherche Terry Fox); doi: https://doi.org/10.13039/501100004376Abstract: Sex differences have been observed in multiple facets of cancer epidemiology, treatment and biology, and in most cancers outside the sex organs. Efforts to link these clinical differences to specific molecular features have focused on somatic mutations within the coding regions of the genome. Here we report a pan-cancer analysis of sex differences in whole genomes of 1983 tumours of 28 subtypes as part of the ICGC/TCGA Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) Consortium. We both confirm the results of exome studies, and also uncover previously undescribed sex differences. These include sex-biases in coding and non-coding cancer drivers, mutation prevalence and strikingly, in mutational signatures related to underlying mutational processes. These results underline the pervasiveness of molecular sex differences and strengthen the call for increased consideration of sex in molecular cancer research

Sex differences in oncogenic mutational processes

Sex differences have been observed in multiple facets of cancer epidemiology, treatment and biology, and in most cancers outside the sex organs. Efforts to link these clinical differences to specific molecular features have focused on somatic mutations within the coding regions of the genome. Here we report a pan-cancer analysis of sex differences in whole genomes of 1983 tumours of 28 subtypes as part of the ICGC/TCGA Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) Consortium. We both confirm the results of exome studies, and also uncover previously undescribed sex differences. These include sex-biases in coding and non-coding cancer drivers, mutation prevalence and strikingly, in mutational signatures related to underlying mutational processes. These results underline the pervasiveness of molecular sex differences and strengthen the call for increased consideration of sex in molecular cancer research.Sex differences have been observed in multiple facets of cancer epidemiology, treatment and biology, and in most cancers outside the sex organs. Efforts to link these clinical differences to specific molecular features have focused on somatic mutations within the coding regions of the genome. Here we report a pan-cancer analysis of sex differences in whole genomes of 1983 tumours of 28 subtypes as part of the ICGC/TCGA Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) Consortium. We both confirm the results of exome studies, and also uncover previously undescribed sex differences. These include sex-biases in coding and non-coding cancer drivers, mutation prevalence and strikingly, in mutational signatures related to underlying mutational processes. These results underline the pervasiveness of molecular sex differences and strengthen the call for increased consideration of sex in molecular cancer research.Peer reviewe

Retrospective evaluation of whole exome and genome mutation calls in 746 cancer samples

Funder: NCI U24CA211006Abstract: The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) curated consensus somatic mutation calls using whole exome sequencing (WES) and whole genome sequencing (WGS), respectively. Here, as part of the ICGC/TCGA Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) Consortium, which aggregated whole genome sequencing data from 2,658 cancers across 38 tumour types, we compare WES and WGS side-by-side from 746 TCGA samples, finding that ~80% of mutations overlap in covered exonic regions. We estimate that low variant allele fraction (VAF < 15%) and clonal heterogeneity contribute up to 68% of private WGS mutations and 71% of private WES mutations. We observe that ~30% of private WGS mutations trace to mutations identified by a single variant caller in WES consensus efforts. WGS captures both ~50% more variation in exonic regions and un-observed mutations in loci with variable GC-content. Together, our analysis highlights technological divergences between two reproducible somatic variant detection efforts