The Irish Colleges in France

The abstract is included in the text

Myth or Memory? Recollections of Penal Times in Irish Folklore

Stories of priests being hunted down and murdered at Mass Rocks by priest catchers and soldiers during the Penal era in Ireland persist to the present day. Using Ó Ciosáin’s (2004) tripartite taxonomy of memory this paper explores the reasons why these images continue to dominate and reflect persecuted nature of Catholicism

Irish Language

The Irish language has been the main but never the sole means of communication on the island of Ireland from the dawn of history until the beginning of the modern period when it began to be superseded by English. Over the more than 1500 years of its written attestation, it has undergone substantial changes in its grammatical and lexical aspects, partly reflecting its changing sociolinguistic and cultural role