International Conference Architecture and Spatial Planning

UBT Annual International Conference is the 8th international interdisciplinary peer reviewed conference which publishes works of the scientists as well as practitioners in the area where UBT is active in Education, Research and Development. The UBT aims to implement an integrated strategy to establish itself as an internationally competitive, research-intensive university, committed to the transfer of knowledge and the provision of a world-class education to the most talented students from all background. The main perspective of the conference is to connect the scientists and practitioners from different disciplines in the same place and make them be aware of the recent advancements in different research fields, and provide them with a unique forum to share their experiences. It is also the place to support the new academic staff for doing research and publish their work in international standard level. This conference consists of sub conferences in different fields like: – Computer Science and Communication Engineering– Management, Business and Economics– Mechatronics, System Engineering and Robotics– Energy Efficiency Engineering– Information Systems and Security– Architecture – Spatial Planning– Civil Engineering , Infrastructure and Environment– Law– Political Science– Journalism , Media and Communication– Food Science and Technology– Pharmaceutical and Natural Sciences– Design– Psychology– Education and Development– Fashion– Music– Art and Digital Media– Dentistry– Applied Medicine– Nursing This conference is the major scientific event of the UBT. It is organizing annually and always in cooperation with the partner universities from the region and Europe. We have to thank all Authors, partners, sponsors and also the conference organizing team making this event a real international scientific event. Edmond Hajrizi, President of UBTUBT – Higher Education Institutio

A Prestressed Glass Folded Plate Roof

[ITA/ENG] La costruzione di coperture in vetro nelle corti di antichi palazzi è scelta spesso come via per integrare la corte nella vita contemporanea dell'edificio. Di solito il vetro però ha solo un ruolo strutturale marginale. Questa tesi presenta un metodo di progettazione per una copertura dalla struttura ibrida vetro-acciaio basata sulla tecnologia delle travi TVT, portando così il vetro ad avere un ruolo strutturale primario, attraverso l'utilizzo di una geometria Folded Plate. Questo metodo di progettazione verrà usato per realizzare una copertura per il cortile ovest della Scuola di Ingegneria a Pisa. Il metodo di progettazione connette la definizione geometrica della copertura con altri parametri parametri importanti, come il comportamento strutturale, e le condizioni climatiche e di luce, al fine di garantire un controllo immediato durante la manipolazione geometrica. Inoltre, viene presentato un modello strutturale semplificato e rapido per lo studio della struttura Folded Plate ibrida vetro-acciaio, che viene validato attraverso l'uso di statica grafica e analisi agli Elementi Finiti basati sull'Analisi Limite ed il Teorema Statico. Applicando il metodo di progettazione si realizza quindi una copertura per la corte ovest della Scuola di Ingegneria. Ha una luce di circa 15 metri e presenta una chiara ed espressiva configurazione di piegature nello spazio, che porta ad avere sollecitazioni ragionevolmente basse e condizioni termoigrometriche e di illuminamento controllate. The construction of glass roofs in ancient courtyards is often chosen as a way to integrate the court in the contemporary life of the building. However, glass has usually a marginal structural role. This thesis presents a design method for a hybrid glass-steel roof based on the TVT beam technology, which brings the glass to a primary load-bearing role, by using a folded plate structure. The method will be used to cover the west courtyard of the Main Engineering Building in Pisa. The design method connects the geometrical definition of the roof with other relevant parameters such as the structural behavior, lighting and environmental conditions, in order to have immediate results during geometrical manipulation. Furthermore, it is presented a simplified and design-effective structural model for this specific type of glass folded plates, which is validated with graphic statics and FE analysis based on the theory of plasticity and lower-bound theorem. By applying the design method, a final project for the courtyard space was achieved. It spans circa 15 meters, and has a clear and expressive folding pattern, which yielded to reasonable low stresses on structural elements, and controlled environmental and lighting conditions

Problemas de localização-distribuição de serviços semiobnóxios: aproximações e apoio à decisão

Doutoramento em Gestão IndustrialA presente tese resulta de um trabalho de investigação cujo objectivo se centrou no problema de localização-distribuição (PLD) que pretende abordar, de forma integrada, duas actividades logísticas intimamente relacionadas: a localização de equipamentos e a distribuição de produtos. O PLD, nomeadamente a sua modelação matemática, tem sido estudado na literatura, dando origem a diversas aproximações que resultam de diferentes cenários reais. Importa portanto agrupar as diferentes variantes por forma a facilitar e potenciar a sua investigação. Após fazer uma revisão e propor uma taxonomia dos modelos de localização-distribuição, este trabalho foca-se na resolução de alguns modelos considerados como mais representativos. É feita assim a análise de dois dos PLDs mais básicos (os problema capacitados com procura nos nós e nos arcos), sendo apresentadas, para ambos, propostas de resolução. Posteriormente, é abordada a localização-distribuição de serviços semiobnóxios. Este tipo de serviços, ainda que seja necessário e indispensável para o público em geral, dada a sua natureza, exerce um efeito desagradável sobre as comunidades contíguas. Assim, aos critérios tipicamente utilizados na tomada de decisão sobre a localização destes serviços (habitualmente a minimização de custo) é necessário adicionar preocupações que reflectem a manutenção da qualidade de vida das regiões que sofrem o impacto do resultado da referida decisão. A abordagem da localização-distribuição de serviços semiobnóxios requer portanto uma análise multi-objectivo. Esta análise pode ser feita com recurso a dois métodos distintos: não interactivos e interactivos. Ambos são abordados nesta tese, com novas propostas, sendo o método interactivo proposto aplicável a outros problemas de programação inteira mista multi-objectivo. Por último, é desenvolvida uma ferramenta de apoio à decisão para os problemas abordados nesta tese, sendo apresentada a metodologia adoptada e as suas principais funcionalidades. A ferramenta desenvolvida tem grandes preocupações com a interface de utilizador, visto ser direccionada para decisores que tipicamente não têm conhecimentos sobre os modelos matemáticos subjacentes a este tipo de problemas.This thesis main objective is to address the location-routing problem (LRP) which intends to tackle, using an integrated approach, two highly related logistics activities: the location of facilities and the distribution of materials. The LRP, namely its mathematical formulation, has been studied in the literature, and several approaches have emerged, corresponding to different real-world scenarios. Therefore, it is important to identify and group the different LRP variants, in order to segment current research and foster future studies. After presenting a review and a taxonomy of location-routing models, the following research focuses on solving some of its variants. Thus, a study of two of the most basic LRPs (capacitated problems with demand either on the nodes or on the arcs) is performed, and new approaches are presented. Afterwards, the location-routing of semi-obnoxious facilities is addressed. These are facilities that, although providing useful and indispensible services, given their nature, bring about an undesirable effect to adjacent communities. Consequently, to the usual objectives when considering their location (cost minimization), new ones must be added that are able to reflect concerns regarding the quality of life of the communities impacted by the outcome of these decisions. The location-routing of semi-obnoxious facilities therefore requires to be analysed using multi-objective approaches, which can be of two types: noninteractive or interactive. Both are discussed and new methods proposed in this thesis; the proposed interactive method is suitable to other multi-objective mixed integer programming problems. Finally, a newly developed decision-support tool to address the LRP is presented (being the adopted methodology discussed, and its main functionalities shown). This tool has great concerns regarding the user interface, as it is directed at decision makers who typically don’t have specific knowledge of the underlying models of this type of problems

BUILT UTOPIAS IN THE COUNTRYSIDE: THE RURAL AND THE MODERN IN FRANCO’S SPAIN

Anchored by Hüppauf and Umbach’s notion of Vernacular Modernism and focusing on architecture and urbanism during Franco’s dictatorship from 1939 to 1975, this thesis challenges the hegemonic and Northern-oriented narrative of urban modernity. It develops arguments about the reciprocal influences between the urban and the rural that characterize Spanish modernity, and analyzes the intense architectural and urban debates that resulted from the crisis of 1898, as they focused on the importance of vernacular architecture, in particular the Mediterranean one, in the definition of an “other modernity.†This search culminated before 1936 with the “Lessons of Ibiza,†and was revived at the beginning of the 1950s, when architects like Coderch, Fisac, Bohigas, and the cosigners of the Manifiesto de la Alhambra brought back the discourse of the modern vernacular as a politically acceptable form of Spanish modernity, and extended its field of application from the individual house and the rural architecture to the urban conditions, including social and middle-class housing. The core of the dissertation addresses the 20th century phenomenon of the modern agricultural village as built emergence of a rural paradigm of modernity in parallel or alternative to the metropolitan condition. In doing so, it interrogates the question of tradition, modernity, and national identity in urban form between the 1920s and the 1960s. Regarding Spain, it studies the actuation of the two Institutes that were created to implement the Francoist policy of post-war reconstruction and interior colonization—the Dirección General de Regiones Devastadas, and the Instituto Nacional de Colonización. It examines the ideological, political, urban, and architectural principles of Franco’s reconstruction of the devastated countryside, as well as his grand “hydro-social dream†of modernization of the countryside. It analyzes their role in national-building policies in liaison with the early 20th-century Regenerationist Movement of Joaquín Costa, the first works of hydraulic infrastructure under Primo de Rivera, and the aborted agrarian reform of the Second Republic. Inspired by the Zionist colonization of Palestine and Mussolini’s reclaiming of the Pontine Marshes, Falangist planners developed a national strategy of “interior colonization†that, along with the reclamation and irrigation of extensive and unproductive river basins, entailed the construction of three hundred modern villages or pueblos between 1940 and 1971. Each village was designed as a “rural utopia,†centered on a plaza mayor and the church, which embodied the political ideal of civil life under the nationalcatholic regime and evolved from a traditional town design in the 1940s to an increasingly abstract and modern vision, anchored on the concept of the “Heart of the City†after 1952. The program was an important catalyst for the development of Spanish modern architecture after the first period of autarchy and an effective incubator for a new generation of architects, including Alejandro de la Sota, José Luis Fernández del Amo, and others. Between tradition and modernity, these architects reinvented the pueblos as platforms of urban and architectonic experimentation in their search for a depurated rural vernacular and a modern urban form. Whereas abstraction was the primary design tool that Fernández del Amo deployed to the limits of the continuity of urban form, de la Sota reversed the fundamental reference to the countryside that characterizes Spanish surrealism to bring surrealism within the process of rural modernization in Franco’s Spain

Reconstructing Italy: The Ina-Casa neighborhoods of the Postwar Era.

At the end of the Second World War, Italy was socially divided and physically shattered, the former by two decades under Fascism, and the latter by the destruction of millions of housing units. At this moment of crisis action had to be taken to rebuild the nation both physically and psychologically. One way was through architecture and urbanism: the Ina-Casa plan for workers’ housing created more than 350,000 units of housing throughout Italy during two seven year phases (1949–56 and 1956–63) and the jobs to build them. Bringing together the efforts of politicians, reformers, architects, and even the workers themselves, the Ina-Casa administration as well as the neighborhoods they built provided an important means by which Italians re-imagined themselves and their national community in the postwar period. Of the many neighborhoods that were built three—the Tiburtino in Rome, Borgo Panigale in Bologna, and Villa Longo in Matera, are cogent as case studies that demonstrate the major results of the plan. Ina-Casa urban design and planning contributed to the prevailing tendency of locating the lower classes on the periphery of cities in part because it was easier to build large scale projects where land was cheap. In the architecture, often characterized as neorealist, the use of regional vernaculars reflected the desire of many designers to break with the recent past, but modernist characteristics, particularly in the projects of those who had practiced under Fascism also indicate continuity. Inside the homes, the domestic lives of millions of families were redefined through the provision of basic amenities such as running water, plumbing, and electricity and through the planning of spaces to reflect developing conceptions of the family. By increasing the basic standard of living of the most needy, Ina-Casa did more to unify the nation than any other earlier entity. From the exterior of Ina-Casa projects, however, the picture that emerges is of a fragmented and divided society, a nation weary of nationalism.Ph.D.ArchitectureUniversity of Michigan, Horace H. Rackham School of Graduate Studieshttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/64761/1/spilat_3.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/64761/2/spilat_2.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/64761/3/spilat_1.pd

FCC-hh: The Hadron Collider: Future Circular Collider Conceptual Design Report Volume 3

In response to the 2013 Update of the European Strategy for Particle Physics (EPPSU), the Future Circular Collider (FCC) study was launched as a world-wide international collaboration hosted by CERN. The FCC study covered an energy-frontier hadron collider (FCC-hh), a highest-luminosity high-energy lepton collider (FCC-ee), the corresponding 100 km tunnel infrastructure, as well as the physics opportunities of these two colliders, and a high-energy LHC, based on FCC-hh technology. This document constitutes the third volume of the FCC Conceptual Design Report, devoted to the hadron collider FCC-hh. It summarizes the FCC-hh physics discovery opportunities, presents the FCC-hh accelerator design, performance reach, and staged operation plan, discusses the underlying technologies, the civil engineering and technical infrastructure, and also sketches a possible implementation. Combining ingredients from the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), the high-luminosity LHC upgrade and adding novel technologies and approaches, the FCC-hh design aims at significantly extending the energy frontier to 100 TeV. Its unprecedented centre of-mass collision energy will make the FCC-hh a unique instrument to explore physics beyond the Standard Model, offering great direct sensitivity to new physics and discoveries

FCC-hh: The Hadron Collider: Future Circular Collider Conceptual Design Report Volume 3

Overview of the physics potential of a future hadron collider