Conocimientos, actitudes relacionadas con la planificación y el embarazo en las ciudades de marsella y la comuna 13 de cali

Este trabajo intenta hacer un análisis sobre el fenómeno de embarazo en adolescente el cual define las características de él y de la adolescente la cual está marcada por cambios trascendentales, teniendo en cuenta que el embarazo de las adolescentes es cada día más frecuentes en nuestro diario vivir, los cuales en muchas ocasiones la sociedad no acepta, generando rechazo a muchos de estos. La adolescencia es una etapa de la vida en la que la mujer está expuesta a muchos riesgos, en la que sobresale el "Embarazo Precoz" que es producto de la influencia de muchos factores como son los psico-afectivos el entorno familiar, amigos, medios de comunicación, convivencia con padres, entre otros son algunos de los factores de influencia, la ausencia o presencia de algunos de ellos en la toma de decisiones afectará su vida ocasionando que ella pueda quedar embarazada. Por tanto es lógico considerarlo indiscutiblemente como un tema de estudio, es importante saber que un embarazo en la adolescencia es traumático en la mayoría de los casos, las causas y consecuencias impiden tener un buen desarrollo en las madres adolescentes .Como estudiante me motiva a conocer los factores que influyen en las adolescentes al quedar embarazadas, de manera que podría seguir indagando y desarrollando el tema que ayudaría de mucho a ganar experiencia para un futuro.This paper attempts to analyze the phenomenon of teen pregnancy which defines the characteristics of it and adolescent which is marked by major changes, given that teenage pregnancy is increasingly common in our daily lives, which often does not accept society , generating rejection of many of these . Adolescence is a stage of life in which a woman is exposed to many risks, in projecting the " Early Pregnancy " is the product of the influence of many factors such as psycho- affective family environment, friends, media communication, living with parents, among others are some of the influencing factors, the absence or presence of some of them in making decisions that affect your life causing her to become pregnant. Therefore it is logical to consider unquestionably as a topic of study, it is important to know that teenage pregnancy is traumatic in most cases, the causes and consequences prevent having a good development in adolescent mothers. Motivates me as a student to know factors influencing teenagers to become pregnant, so that could continue investigating and developing the subject of much help to gain experience for the future

A global experiment on motivating social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic

Finding communication strategies that effectively motivate social distancing continues to be a global public health priority during the COVID-19 pandemic. This cross-country, preregistered experiment (n = 25,718 from 89 countries) tested hypotheses concerning generalizable positive and negative outcomes of social distancing messages that promoted personal agency and reflective choices (i.e., an autonomy-supportive message) or were restrictive and shaming (i.e., a controlling message) compared with no message at all. Results partially supported experimental hypotheses in that the controlling message increased controlled motivation (a poorly internalized form of motivation relying on shame, guilt, and fear of social consequences) relative to no message. On the other hand, the autonomy-supportive message lowered feelings of defiance compared with the controlling message, but the controlling message did not differ from receiving no message at all. Unexpectedly, messages did not influence autonomous motivation (a highly internalized form of motivation relying on one’s core values) or behavioral intentions. Results supported hypothesized associations between people’s existing autonomous and controlled motivations and self-reported behavioral intentions to engage in social distancing. Controlled motivation was associated with more defiance and less long-term behavioral intention to engage in social distancing, whereas autonomous motivation was associated with less defiance and more short- and long-term intentions to social distance. Overall, this work highlights the potential harm of using shaming and pressuring language in public health communication, with implications for the current and future global health challenges

An international validation of the AO spine subaxial injury classification system

Purpose To validate the AO Spine Subaxial Injury Classification System with participants of various experience levels, subspecialties, and geographic regions. Methods A live webinar was organized in 2020 for validation of the AO Spine Subaxial Injury Classification System. The validation consisted of 41 unique subaxial cervical spine injuries with associated computed tomography scans and key images. Intraobserver reproducibility and interobserver reliability of the AO Spine Subaxial Injury Classification System were calculated for injury morphology, injury subtype, and facet injury. The reliability and reproducibility of the classification system were categorized as slight (? = 0-0.20), fair (? = 0.21-0.40), moderate (? = 0.41-0.60), substantial (? = 0.61-0.80), or excellent (? = > 0.80) as determined by the Landis and Koch classification. Results A total of 203 AO Spine members participated in the AO Spine Subaxial Injury Classification System validation. The percent of participants accurately classifying each injury was over 90% for fracture morphology and fracture subtype on both assessments. The interobserver reliability for fracture morphology was excellent (? = 0.87), while fracture subtype (? = 0.80) and facet injury were substantial (? = 0.74). The intraobserver reproducibility for fracture morphology and subtype were excellent (? = 0.85, 0.88, respectively), while reproducibility for facet injuries was substantial (? = 0.76). Conclusion The AO Spine Subaxial Injury Classification System demonstrated excellent interobserver reliability and intraobserver reproducibility for fracture morphology, substantial reliability and reproducibility for facet injuries, and excellent reproducibility with substantial reliability for injury subtype

A global experiment on motivating social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic

Finding communication strategies that effectively motivate social distancing continues to be a global public health priority during the COVID-19 pandemic. This cross-country, preregistered experiment (n = 25,718 from 89 countries) tested hypotheses concerning generalizable positive and negative outcomes of social distancing messages that promoted personal agency and reflective choices (i.e., an autonomy-supportive message) or were restrictive and shaming (i.e., a controlling message) compared with no message at all. Results partially supported experimental hypotheses in that the controlling message increased controlled motivation (a poorly internalized form of motivation relying on shame, guilt, and fear of social consequences) relative to no message. On the other hand, the autonomy-supportive message lowered feelings of defiance compared with the controlling message, but the controlling message did not differ from receiving no message at all. Unexpectedly, messages did not influence autonomous motivation (a highly internalized form of motivation relying on one’s core values) or behavioral intentions. Results supported hypothesized associations between people’s existing autonomous and controlled motivations and self-reported behavioral intentions to engage in social distancing. Controlled motivation was associated with more defiance and less long-term behavioral intention to engage in social distancing, whereas autonomous motivation was associated with less defiance and more short- and long-term intentions to social distance. Overall, this work highlights the potential harm of using shaming and pressuring language in public health communication, with implications for the current and future global health challenges