Rentabilidad de cultivos hortícolas bajo condiciones de arriendo de tierra

47 p.Este trabajo tuvo por objetivo estimar la rentabilidad de cuatro cultivos hortícolas en la zona de villa Alegre, provincia de Linares, VII región del Maule, en condiciones de arrendamiento de tierra y servicios. Los cultivos son: Repollo (Brassica oleracea var. Bullata), Coliflor (Brassica oleracea var. Bullata), Brócoli (Brassica oleracea conv. botrytis var. itálica Plenck) y Tomate (Lycopersicon esculentum M.). Para lograr el objetivo indicado se entrevistaron agricultores de la zona estudiada, con el fin de obtener fichas técnicas y estimaciones de los costos de producción. También se realizó un estudio de precios de venta en los mercados mayoristas de Santiago, en cada mes del año y paralelamente un análisis de los volúmenes ofrecidos en cada mes. Se pudo observar que los meses de invierno es cuando se obtienen los mejores precios, debido principalmente a la disminución de la producción que ocurre en esa estación del año. Al estimar la rentabilidad de largo plazo (últimos cinco años), se concluyó que la horticultura para agricultores que pagan arriendo de terreno y de servicios en la Zona de Villa Alegre es rentable, especialmente si se produce en meses que disminuye su oferta. Los cultivos más rentables son el repollo seguido por tomate, brócoli y coliflor./ ABSTRACT :This study aims at determining the profitability of four horticultural crops of the county of Villa Alegre, province of Linares, Maule Región of Chile, carried out renting services and land. The activities are: cabbage, cauliflower, broccoli and tomato. Information on costs was gathered by directly interviewing farmers of the area. Concurrently, a price study at the producer level was carried out, using the data that is weekly recorded in the wholesale auction markets of Santiago. A seasonal behaviour was observed, with prices at winter time being the highest due to the relative scarcity of the crops studied. It was concluded that horticultural crops are profitable in the county of Villa Alegre, after paying for all services, inputs and land rental. The most profitable crop is cabbage, followed by tomato, broccoli and cauliflower

Production of He-4 and (4) in Pb-Pb collisions at root(NN)-N-S=2.76 TeV at the LHC

Results on the production of He-4 and (4) nuclei in Pb-Pb collisions at root(NN)-N-S = 2.76 TeV in the rapidity range vertical bar y vertical bar <1, using the ALICE detector, are presented in this paper. The rapidity densities corresponding to 0-10% central events are found to be dN/dy4(He) = (0.8 +/- 0.4 (stat) +/- 0.3 (syst)) x 10(-6) and dN/dy4 = (1.1 +/- 0.4 (stat) +/- 0.2 (syst)) x 10(-6), respectively. This is in agreement with the statistical thermal model expectation assuming the same chemical freeze-out temperature (T-chem = 156 MeV) as for light hadrons. The measured ratio of (4)/He-4 is 1.4 +/- 0.8 (stat) +/- 0.5 (syst). (C) 2018 Published by Elsevier B.V.Peer reviewe

Azimuthal anisotropy of charged jet production in root s(NN)=2.76 TeV Pb-Pb collisions

We present measurements of the azimuthal dependence of charged jet production in central and semi-central root s(NN) = 2.76 TeV Pb-Pb collisions with respect to the second harmonic event plane, quantified as nu(ch)(2) (jet). Jet finding is performed employing the anti-k(T) algorithm with a resolution parameter R = 0.2 using charged tracks from the ALICE tracking system. The contribution of the azimuthal anisotropy of the underlying event is taken into account event-by-event. The remaining (statistical) region-to-region fluctuations are removed on an ensemble basis by unfolding the jet spectra for different event plane orientations independently. Significant non-zero nu(ch)(2) (jet) is observed in semi-central collisions (30-50% centrality) for 20 <p(T)(ch) (jet) <90 GeV/c. The azimuthal dependence of the charged jet production is similar to the dependence observed for jets comprising both charged and neutral fragments, and compatible with measurements of the nu(2) of single charged particles at high p(T). Good agreement between the data and predictions from JEWEL, an event generator simulating parton shower evolution in the presence of a dense QCD medium, is found in semi-central collisions. (C) 2015 CERN for the benefit of the ALICE Collaboration. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).Peer reviewe

Pseudorapidity and transverse-momentum distributions of charged particles in proton-proton collisions at root s=13 TeV

The pseudorapidity (eta) and transverse-momentum (p(T)) distributions of charged particles produced in proton-proton collisions are measured at the centre-of-mass energy root s = 13 TeV. The pseudorapidity distribution in vertical bar eta vertical bar <1.8 is reported for inelastic events and for events with at least one charged particle in vertical bar eta vertical bar <1. The pseudorapidity density of charged particles produced in the pseudorapidity region vertical bar eta vertical bar <0.5 is 5.31 +/- 0.18 and 6.46 +/- 0.19 for the two event classes, respectively. The transverse-momentum distribution of charged particles is measured in the range 0.15 <p(T) <20 GeV/c and vertical bar eta vertical bar <0.8 for events with at least one charged particle in vertical bar eta vertical bar <1. The evolution of the transverse momentum spectra of charged particles is also investigated as a function of event multiplicity. The results are compared with calculations from PYTHIA and EPOS Monte Carlo generators. (C) 2015 CERN for the benefit of the ALICE Collaboration. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).Peer reviewe

Centrality evolution of the charged-particle pseudorapidity density over a broad pseudorapidity range in Pb-Pb collisions at root s(NN)=2.76TeV

Peer reviewe

CHLSOC: the Chilean Soil Organic Carbon database, a multi-institutional collaborative effort

A critical aspect of predicting soil organic carbon (SOC) concentrations is the lack of available soil information; where information on soil characteristics is available, it is usually focused on regions of high agricultural interest. To date, in Chile, a large proportion of the SOC data have been collected in areas of intensive agricultural or forestry use; however, vast areas beyond these forms of land use have few or no soil data available. Here we present a new SOC database for the country, which is the result of an unprecedented national effort under the framework of the Global Soil Partnership. This partnership has helped build the largest database of SOC to date in Chile, named the Chilean Soil Organic Carbon database (CHLSOC), comprising 13 612 data points compiled from numerous sources, including unpublished and difficult-to-access data. The database will allow users to fill spatial gaps where no SOC estimates were publicly available previously. Presented values of SOC range from 6 x 10(-5) % to 83.3 %, reflecting the variety of ecosystems that exist in Chile. The database has the potential to inform and test current models that predict SOC stocks and dynamics at larger spatial scales, thus enabling benefits from the richness of geochemical, topographic and climatic variability in Chile.Comision Nacional de Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnologica (CONICYT) CONICYT FONDECYT 11160372 Convenio CONAF-UDeC 2015 Perturbaciones Araucaria ERANet-LAC joint program ELAC2014/DCC-0092 Comision Nacional de Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnologica (CONICYT) CONICYT FONDECYT 1161492 Global Soil Partnership - Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) South America Soil Partnership - Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO

Where Brain, Body and World Collide

The production cross section of electrons from semileptonic decays of beauty hadrons was measured at mid-rapidity (|y| &lt; 0.8) in the transverse momentum range 1 &lt; pt &lt; 8 Gev/c with the ALICE experiment at the CERN LHC in pp collisions at a center of mass energy sqrt{s} = 7 TeV using an integrated luminosity of 2.2 nb^{-1}. Electrons from beauty hadron decays were selected based on the displacement of the decay vertex from the collision vertex. A perturbative QCD calculation agrees with the measurement within uncertainties. The data were extrapolated to the full phase space to determine the total cross section for the production of beauty quark-antiquark pairs