Foliar Methyl Jasmonate Application Activates Antioxidant Mechanisms to Counteract Water Deficits and Aluminum Stress in Vaccinium corymbosum L.

Due to climate change, water deficits (WDs) and aluminum (Al) toxicity are increasing, affecting plants, especially crops such as blueberries (Vaccinium corymbosum L.). The application of methyl jasmonate (MeJA) could mitigate these effects. This work aimed to evaluate the effective MeJA dose to overcome oxidative stress provoked by combined WD+Al stress in blueberries. Plants of Al-sensitive (Star) and Al-resistant (Legacy) cultivars were exposed to control (Al at 65 mg/Kg, 80% field capacity), WD+Al (50% field capacity; Al at 1665 mg/Kg), and WD+Al treatment with different foliar MeJA doses (10, 50, and 100 ?M) during 7 and 21 days. Data revealed that plants exposed to WD+Al and treated with 50 µM MeJA reduced Al up to 3.2-fold in roots and 2.7-fold in leaves and improved water potential (?w) up to 2.5-fold. The sensitive cultivar decreased the relative growth rate under WD+Al, increasing by 1.9-fold with 50 µM MeJA. Under WD+Al stress, all MeJA doses mitigated the decrease in relative water content in Al-resistant cultivars, restoring values like control plants. In the sensitive cultivar, 50 µM MeJA increased photosynthesis (1.5-fold) and stomatal conductance (1.4-fold), without changes in transpiration. Lipid peroxidation decreased (1.2-fold) and increased antioxidant activity (1.8-fold), total phenols (1.6-fold), and superoxide dismutase activity (3.3-fold) under WD+Al and 50 µM-MeJA. It was concluded that the most effective dose to alleviate the WD+Al stress was 50 µM MeJA due to the activation of antioxidants in blueberry plants. Therefore, the MeJA application could be a potential strategy for enhancing the resilience of V. corynbosum exposed to WD+Al stress. © 2024 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.meja, fold, stress, plants, water, application, sensitiv

Techno-Typological and Geochemical Analysis of Lithic Artifacts (Microliths) from Alero Doña Mica, a Camp inside the Northern Patagonian Forest of Argentina during the Spanish-Indian Contact

Presentamos la caracterización de la tecnología lítica de un sitio bajo abrigo rocoso emplazado en un sector de poco acceso y visibilidad dentro del cordón Chapelco, Neuquén, Argentina. El sitio se distingue por el uso de obsidianas procedentes de al menos tres fuentes, dos disponibles a menos de 25 km y otra distante 150 km al norte. Los artefactos están relacionados con la conformación y/o mantenimiento de instrumentos bifaciales que aparecieron manufacturados en el sitio. Entre estos instrumentos predominan pequeñas lascas o microlitos de obsidiana con rastros de uso, que postulamos como producto del mantenimiento de utensilios expeditivos enmangados. Finalmente, en base a su cronología y contextos arqueológicos asociados cercanamente, se sostiene que el sitio y las actividades desarrolladas en el mismo son parte de estrategias vinculadas a la temprana resistencia y enfrentamiento con conquistadores hispanos.We present the characterization of the lithic technology of a site under a rock shelter located in an area of poor access and visibility within the Chapelco range, Neuquén, Argentina. The site is distinguished by the use of obsidian from at least three sources, two available within 25 km and another one 150 km to the north. The artifacts are related to the shaping and/or maintenance of bifacial tools that appeared manufactured at the site. Among these instruments, small obsidian flakes or microliths with traces of use predominate, which we postulate as a product of the maintenance of expeditious tools with sleeves. Finally, based on its chronology and closely associated archaeological contexts, it is argued that the site and the activities carried out there are part of strategies linked to early resistance and confrontation with Hispanic conquerors. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.lisis, tecno, tipol, gico, geoqu, mico, artefacto

En los orígenes de la presencia jesuita en Cerdeña

El artículo propone los primeros resultados de una investigación en curso sobre la presencia de los jesuitas en Cerdeña entre los siglos XVI y XVII. En particular, se centra en el estudio del caso de Sardara, donde los jesuitas tomaron posesión de una casa en el centro del pueblo donada por el canónigo Giacomo Spiga, de la diócesis de Ales. La confiscación de las rentas eclesiásticas por parte de la Compañía crea considerables fricciones con los párrocos de la comunidad, que se sienten empobrecidos y penalizados. La disputa sólo acaba con la supresión de la Compañía y los bienes de los jesuitas son embargados por la clase dirigente local y la comunidad.Il contributo propone i primi risultati di una ricerca ancora in corso sulla presenza dei gesuiti in Sardegna tra XVI e XVII secolo. In particolare, l’attenzione si focalizza sul caso studio di Sardara dove i gesuiti entrano in possesso di una casa nel centro del villaggio donata dal canonico Giacomo Spiga della diocesi di Ales. L’incameramento delle rendite ecclesiastiche da parte della Compagnia crea notevoli frizioni con i parroci della comunità, che ritengono di essere impoveriti e penalizzati. La contesa si chiude solo con la soppressione della Compagnia e i beni dei gesuiti saranno incamerati dal ceto dirigente locale e dalla comunità.This article presents the first results of an ongoing research on the presence of the Jesuits in Sardinia between the 16th and 17th century. In par-ticular, the focus is on the case study of Sardara, where the Jesuits took posses-sion of a house in the center of the village donated by Canon Giacomo Spiga of the diocese of Ales. The appropriation of ecclesiastical rents by the Company creates considerable tension with the parish priests of the community, who feel that they are impoverished and penalized. The dispute ended only with the suppression of the Compagnia, and the Jesuit property was forfeited to the local ruling class and communit

First report on seasonal abundance of malacostracans in the allipén river (38°51's, north Patagonia, Araucania region, Chile)

first, report, seasonal, abundance, malacostracans, allip, rive

Calibration of a sedimentation model through a continuous genetic algorithm

In this contribution we consider the problem of flux identification in a scalar conservation law modelling the phenomenon of sedimentation. The experimental observation data used for the calibration consist of a solid concentration profile at a fixed time. The identification problem is formulated as an optimization one, where the distance between the profiles of the model simulation and observation data is minimized by a least squares cost function. The direct problem is approximated by a monotone finite volume scheme. The numerical solution of the calibration problem is obtained by a continuous genetic algorithm. Numerical results are presented in order to validate the efficiency of the proposed algorithm. © 2019 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.problem, calibration, algorithm, identification, sedimentation, observation, dat

Family decisions in the management of ornamental plants from the Cañón del Usumacinta Natural Protected Area

Se compararon decisiones influyentes en el cuidado y utilización uso de plantas ornamentales de acuerdo con los roles del sistema familia, asumiendo que son: económicas, políticas, de valor y significado y vivencias adquiridas, en el Ejido Ignacio Allende, municipio de Tenosique, Tabasco, México, ubicado en el Área Natural Protegida a nivel nacional “Cañón del Usumacinta”. Se utilizó la teoría de los sistemas sociales, operacionalizada bajo un enfoque mixto, el tamaño de muestra (n: 21) de 158 hogares. Se observaron los roles del sistema familia, distinguiéndose acoplamientos entre familias y parientes que explican interpenetración y generación de espacios de sentido sobre el manejo de plantas ornamentales. El papel de la mujer, de la mamá es relevante (48%). La adquisición de plantas codifica: a través de intercambio entre familiares/parientes (33.3%). Los programas de capacitación, iterables entre las familias, supondría un aumento resiliente del conocimiento sobre el manejo de plantas en vivero; del valor que le otorgan, codifican las categorías: “estética”, “medicinal” y “bienestar psicológico”. De las vivencias adquiridas se tiene que, de 21 familias entrevistadas, se registraron 230 plantas, agrupadas en 31 familias; destacando las Euphorbiaceae, Rosaceae y Lamiaceae, por uso ornamental, medicinal y consumo alimenticio. Las familias prefieren sembrar sus plantas directo al suelo o en macetas. Las plantas se propagan por esquejes, semillas, hijuelos y rizomas o bulbos. Se acepta que el sistema familia decide en función de la iterabilidad simbólica de significados, determinados por las políticas, valor/significado y vivencias adquiridas, del aspecto económico, se observó que no comercializan sus plantas.Influential decisions in the management and use of ornamental plants were compared according to the roles of the family system, assuming these are: economical, political, of value and meaning and acquired experiences. The study was conducted in the Ejido Ignacio Allende, located inside the "Cañón del Usumacinta" Natural Protected Area, municipality of Tenosique, in Tabasco, Mexico. We used the social systems theory, operationalized under a mixed approach with a sample size (n: 21) of 158 households.The roles of the family system were observed, distinguishing pairings between families and relatives, which explains the interpenetration and generation of spaces of meaning for management of ornamental plants. The role of women, of the mother, is relevant (48%). The acquisition of plants encodes as: "exchanges between family members/relatives" (33.3%). The training programs, iterable among families, would entail a resilient increase of knowledge on the management of plants in the nursery and their perceived value, encoded as: “aesthetic”, “medicinal” and “psychological well-being”. From the experiences acquired, we found that, out of 21 interviewed families, 230 plants were recorded and grouped into 31 families; highlighting the Euphorbiaceae, Rosaceae and Lamiaceae for ornamental and medicinal use, and food consumption. Families prefer to sow their plants directly into the ground or in pots. Plants are propagated by cuttings, seeds, shoots, and rhizomes or bulbs. It is accepted that the family system makes decisions based on the symbolic iterability of meanings, determined by policies, value/meaning and acquired experiences. On the economic aspect, we observed that families don’t sell their plants

First Report of Arthropod Fauna in Flooded Plains of Northern Patagonia (38° S, Araucania Region Chile)

In northern Patagonia, there is a kind of water body characterized as fl ooded plains (vegas), resulting from heavy rains. Th ey have submerged vegetation that sustains aquatic insects and crustaceans, including burrowing crayfi sh of the genus Parastacus. Th e object of the present study was to present the fi rst description of the community structure of three such water bodies. Th e results revealed the existence of seven species in the only site with Parastacus pugnax Poeppig, 1835, whereas in the sites where P. pugnax was absent there were one and three species respectively. Th e niche-sharing null model revealed the absence of niche-sharing due to interspecifi c absence. Th is kind of habitat presents marked heterogeneity, attributable to specifi c micro-environmental variations

Endophytic selenobacteria and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus for selenium biofortification and Gaeumannomyces graminis biocontrol

Selenium (Se) is an important antioxidant considered among the fertilization programs in developed countries. In Chile, chemical fertilization based in Se is inefficient due the physicochemical characteristics of Andisol that sustain the 60% of crop production. Andisol also are highly conductive to take-all disease caused by Gaeuman-nonyces graminis var tritici (Ggt). Here, we evaluated the effect of Bacillus sp.E5 and Acinetobacter sp.E6.2 and Claroideoglomus claroideum as potential inocula for Se biofortification and Ggt bicontrol in wheat. Plants inoculated with Acinetobacter sp.E6.2 showed major root growth and major Se content in shoots and grains. The antioxidant role of Se regarding DPPH activity was shown in Se-supplemented plants with small Se nanoparticles founded inside the roots. Mycorrhizal plants showed major SOD activity in shoots but no affected the Se uptake. Respect to pathogen biocontrol, plants inoculated with both bacteria showed an efficient control against Ggt independent to mycorrhization. Thus, our inocula could make important contributions to produce enriched Se flours for human nutrition and biocontrol against Ggt. © 2019 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.plants, showed, major, biocontrol, selenium, important, antioxidan

Electronic Government as Technology for Social Inclusion: Reflections based on Social Work

El gobierno electrónico es una herramienta de política pública aparentemente inevitable que transforma la acción del gobierno y la práctica profesional del trabajo social. Sobre la base del desafío ético y político que implica la práctica profesional del trabajo social, se presenta un análisis crítico sobre las interpretaciones del gobierno electrónico como una herramienta neutral o ideológicamente determinada. También se discute su relación con el poder y sus efectos negativos sobre la ciudadanía. Finalmente, se propone como alternativa para el trabajo social pensar el gobierno electrónico como una tecnología social orientada a la inclusión social y a la formación de una ciudadanía socio-técnica capaz de comprender los efectos de la tecnología en la sociedad y en su vida.O governo eletrônico é uma ferramenta de política pública aparentemente inevitável que transforma a ação do governo e a prática profissional do Serviço Social. Este trabalho apresenta uma análise crítica das interpretações sobre governo eletrônico como uma ferramenta neutra ou ideologicamente determinada, considerando os desafios éticos e políticos envolvidos na prática profissional do Serviço Social. Também discute sua relação com o poder e seus efeitos negativos sobre a cidadania. Finalmente, propõe como alternativa para o Serviço Social pensar o governo eletrônico como uma tecnologia social orientada para a inclusão social e a formação de uma cidadania sócio-técnica capaz de compreender os efeitos da tecnologia na sociedade e na vida.Electronic government is an apparently inevitable public policy tool that transforms government action and the professional practice of social work. This paper presents a critical analysis of interpretations of electronic government as a neutral or ideologically determined tool, considering the ethical and political challenges involved in the professional practice of social work. It also discusses its relationship with power and its negative effects on citizenship. Finally, it proposes that social work consider electronic government as a social technology that is oriented towards social inclusion and to formation of socio-technical citizenship that is capable of comprehending the effects of technology in society and in life

Foam front propagation in anisotropic oil reservoirs

The pressure-driven growth model is considered, describing the motion of a foam front through an oil reservoir during foam improved oil recovery, foam being formed as gas advances into an initially liquid-filled reservoir. In the model, the foam front is represented by a set of so-called material points that track the advance of gas into the liquid-filled region. According to the model, the shape of the foam front is prone to develop concave sharply curved concavities, where the orientation of the front changes rapidly over a small spatial distance: these are referred to as concave corners. These concave corners need to be propagated differently from the material points on the foam front itself. Typically the corner must move faster than those material points, otherwise spurious numerical artifacts develop in the computed shape of the front. A propagation rule or speed up rule is derived for the concave corners, which is shown to be sensitive to the level of anisotropy in the permeability of the reservoir and also sensitive to the orientation of the corners themselves. In particular if a corner in an anisotropic reservoir were to be propagated according to an isotropic speed up rule, this might not be sufficient to suppress spurious numerical artifacts, at least for certain orientations of the corner. On the other hand, systems that are both heterogeneous and anisotropic tend to be well behaved numerically, regardless of whether one uses the isotropic or anisotropic speed up rule for corners. This comes about because, in the heterogeneous and anisotropic case, the orientation of the corner is such that the correct anisotropic speed is just very slightly less than the incorrect isotropic one. The anisotropic rule does however manage to keep the corner very slightly sharper than the isotropic rule does.foam, front, anisotropic, rule, corners, corner, reservoi