Dispersal patterns of endogenous bacteria among grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) guts

The formation and regulation of vertebrate endogenous intestinal microbiota has been widely studied as the microbiota plays a crucial role in the host nutrition, development, and health. Despite the importance of microbiota for host health, it is still unclear whether the endogenous intestinal microorganisms are genetically distinct or whether they are genetically related with each other in different host individuals. In the present study, the dispersal situation of the endogenous intestinal bacteria in grass carp was investigated by constructing bacterial 16S rRNA gene clone libraries. The results indicate that the bacteria harbored in the grass carp gut could be separated into the following two groups: a- the private operational taxonomic units (OTUs), which include Cetobacterium somerae, Aeromonas jandaei, Citrobacter freundii, Achromobacter xylosoxidans and Bacteroides species; b- the shared OTUs, which include Vibrio cholerae, Plesiomonas shigelloides and Pasteurella speices. The results obtained in this investigation provide valuable information for assessing the mechanism of spread of the endogenous intestinal bacteria, especially the pathogenic ones. However, the mechanisms involved in different modes of bacterial dispersal in the grass carp gut still require further research

Real-Time Substructure Tests and Numerical Simulation of Mechanical Characteristics of Natural Rubber-Laminated Bearings

Natural rubber lamination is a kind of seismic isolation of bearings often used in civil engineering. The advantage of laminated bearings is large vertical stiffness and small lateral stiffness. In seismic regions, structural periods would be extended and the effect of seismic forces can be lowered using bearings. In previous tests, the static cyclic loading method was mainly used that failed to take account of the loading rate. The real-time substructure testing is proposed to simulate true seismic loads. This testing and test setup were first introduced, and the effect of the loading rate was studied. Then the effects of vertical pressure and peak acceleration of ground motion were studied. At last the test results were simulated by the finite element method, and an accurate method to calculate seismic responses of bridges with laminated bearings was proposed.Ламинирование природным каучуком – один из видов сейсмической изоляции опор, часто используемый в гражданском строительстве. Ламинированные опоры характеризуются высокой вертикальной жесткостью и низкой поперечной жесткостью. В сейсмических регионах сроки строительства увеличиваются, а влияние сейсмических сил может быть уменьшено за счет применения подобных опор. До сих пор основой для испытаний служил статический метод циклического нагружения, не позволявший учитывать его скорость. Предложен метод испытания в реальных условиях эксплуатации, моделирующий истинные сейсмические нагрузки. Внедрены метод испытаний и испытательная установка, изучено влияние скорости нагружения, вертикального давления и пикового ускорения движения грунта. Выполнено моделирование результатов испытания с помощью метода конечных элементов. Предложен точный метод расчета сейсмических характеристик мостов с опорами, ламинированными природным каучуком

Preface paper to the Semi-Arid Land-Surface-Atmosphere (SALSA) Program special issue

The Semi-Arid Land-Surface-Atmosphere Program (SALSA) is a multi-agency, multi-national research effort that seeks to evaluate the consequences of natural and human-induced environmental change in semi-arid regions. The ultimate goal of SALSA is to advance scientific understanding of the semi-arid portion of the hydrosphere–biosphere interface in order to provide reliable information for environmental decision making. SALSA approaches this goal through a program of long-term, integrated observations, process research, modeling, assessment, and information management that is sustained by cooperation among scientists and information users. In this preface to the SALSA special issue, general program background information and the critical nature of semi-arid regions is presented. A brief description of the Upper San Pedro River Basin, the initial location for focused SALSA research follows. Several overarching research objectives under which much of the interdisciplinary research contained in the special issue was undertaken are discussed. Principal methods, primary research sites and data collection used by numerous investigators during 1997–1999 are then presented. Scientists from about 20 US, five European (four French and one Dutch), and three Mexican agencies and institutions have collaborated closely to make the research leading to this special issue a reality. The SALSA Program has served as a model of interagency cooperation by breaking new ground in the approach to large scale interdisciplinary science with relatively limited resources

Search for heavy resonances decaying into a vector boson and a Higgs boson in final states with charged leptons, neutrinos, and b quarks

Peer reviewe

Search for leptophobic Z ' bosons decaying into four-lepton final states in proton-proton collisions at root s=8 TeV

Peer reviewe

Search for black holes and other new phenomena in high-multiplicity final states in proton-proton collisions at root s=13 TeV

Peer reviewe

Measurements of differential production cross sections for a Z boson in association with jets in pp collisions at root s=8 TeV

Peer reviewe

Search for high-mass diphoton resonances in proton-proton collisions at 13 TeV and combination with 8 TeV search

Peer reviewe

Search for neutral resonances decaying into a Z boson and a pair of b jets or τ leptons

A search is performed for a new resonance decaying into a lighter resonance and a Z boson. Two channels are studied, targeting the decay of the lighter resonance into either a pair of oppositely charged τ leptons or a bb‾ pair. The Z boson is identified via its decays to electrons or muons. The search exploits data collected by the CMS experiment at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.8 fb −1 . No significant deviations are observed from the standard model expectation and limits are set on production cross sections and parameters of two-Higgs-doublet models