Effective Rheology of Bubbles Moving in a Capillary Tube

We calculate the average volumetric flux versus pressure drop of bubbles moving in a single capillary tube with varying diameter, finding a square-root relation from mapping the flow equations onto that of a driven overdamped pendulum. The calculation is based on a derivation of the equation of motion of a bubble train from considering the capillary forces and the entropy production associated with the viscous flow. We also calculate the configurational probability of the positions of the bubbles.Comment: 4 pages, 1 figur

A note on comonotonicity and positivity of the control components of decoupled quadratic FBSDE

In this small note we are concerned with the solution of Forward-Backward Stochastic Differential Equations (FBSDE) with drivers that grow quadratically in the control component (quadratic growth FBSDE or qgFBSDE). The main theorem is a comparison result that allows comparing componentwise the signs of the control processes of two different qgFBSDE. As a byproduct one obtains conditions that allow establishing the positivity of the control process.Comment: accepted for publicatio

Alignment of the ALICE Inner Tracking System with cosmic-ray tracks

37 pages, 15 figures, revised version, accepted by JINSTALICE (A Large Ion Collider Experiment) is the LHC (Large Hadron Collider) experiment devoted to investigating the strongly interacting matter created in nucleus-nucleus collisions at the LHC energies. The ALICE ITS, Inner Tracking System, consists of six cylindrical layers of silicon detectors with three different technologies; in the outward direction: two layers of pixel detectors, two layers each of drift, and strip detectors. The number of parameters to be determined in the spatial alignment of the 2198 sensor modules of the ITS is about 13,000. The target alignment precision is well below 10 micron in some cases (pixels). The sources of alignment information include survey measurements, and the reconstructed tracks from cosmic rays and from proton-proton collisions. The main track-based alignment method uses the Millepede global approach. An iterative local method was developed and used as well. We present the results obtained for the ITS alignment using about 10^5 charged tracks from cosmic rays that have been collected during summer 2008, with the ALICE solenoidal magnet switched off.Peer reviewe

Surgical site infection after gastrointestinal surgery in high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries: a prospective, international, multicentre cohort study

Background: Surgical site infection (SSI) is one of the most common infections associated with health care, but its importance as a global health priority is not fully understood. We quantified the burden of SSI after gastrointestinal surgery in countries in all parts of the world. Methods: This international, prospective, multicentre cohort study included consecutive patients undergoing elective or emergency gastrointestinal resection within 2-week time periods at any health-care facility in any country. Countries with participating centres were stratified into high-income, middle-income, and low-income groups according to the UN's Human Development Index (HDI). Data variables from the GlobalSurg 1 study and other studies that have been found to affect the likelihood of SSI were entered into risk adjustment models. The primary outcome measure was the 30-day SSI incidence (defined by US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria for superficial and deep incisional SSI). Relationships with explanatory variables were examined using Bayesian multilevel logistic regression models. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02662231. Findings: Between Jan 4, 2016, and July 31, 2016, 13 265 records were submitted for analysis. 12 539 patients from 343 hospitals in 66 countries were included. 7339 (58·5%) patient were from high-HDI countries (193 hospitals in 30 countries), 3918 (31·2%) patients were from middle-HDI countries (82 hospitals in 18 countries), and 1282 (10·2%) patients were from low-HDI countries (68 hospitals in 18 countries). In total, 1538 (12·3%) patients had SSI within 30 days of surgery. The incidence of SSI varied between countries with high (691 [9·4%] of 7339 patients), middle (549 [14·0%] of 3918 patients), and low (298 [23·2%] of 1282) HDI (p < 0·001). The highest SSI incidence in each HDI group was after dirty surgery (102 [17·8%] of 574 patients in high-HDI countries; 74 [31·4%] of 236 patients in middle-HDI countries; 72 [39·8%] of 181 patients in low-HDI countries). Following risk factor adjustment, patients in low-HDI countries were at greatest risk of SSI (adjusted odds ratio 1·60, 95% credible interval 1·05–2·37; p=0·030). 132 (21·6%) of 610 patients with an SSI and a microbiology culture result had an infection that was resistant to the prophylactic antibiotic used. Resistant infections were detected in 49 (16·6%) of 295 patients in high-HDI countries, in 37 (19·8%) of 187 patients in middle-HDI countries, and in 46 (35·9%) of 128 patients in low-HDI countries (p < 0·001). Interpretation: Countries with a low HDI carry a disproportionately greater burden of SSI than countries with a middle or high HDI and might have higher rates of antibiotic resistance. In view of WHO recommendations on SSI prevention that highlight the absence of high-quality interventional research, urgent, pragmatic, randomised trials based in LMICs are needed to assess measures aiming to reduce this preventable complication

Why Are Outcomes Different for Registry Patients Enrolled Prospectively and Retrospectively? Insights from the Global Anticoagulant Registry in the FIELD-Atrial Fibrillation (GARFIELD-AF).

Background: Retrospective and prospective observational studies are designed to reflect real-world evidence on clinical practice, but can yield conflicting results. The GARFIELD-AF Registry includes both methods of enrolment and allows analysis of differences in patient characteristics and outcomes that may result. Methods and Results: Patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and ≥1 risk factor for stroke at diagnosis of AF were recruited either retrospectively (n = 5069) or prospectively (n = 5501) from 19 countries and then followed prospectively. The retrospectively enrolled cohort comprised patients with established AF (for a least 6, and up to 24 months before enrolment), who were identified retrospectively (and baseline and partial follow-up data were collected from the emedical records) and then followed prospectively between 0-18 months (such that the total time of follow-up was 24 months; data collection Dec-2009 and Oct-2010). In the prospectively enrolled cohort, patients with newly diagnosed AF (≤6 weeks after diagnosis) were recruited between Mar-2010 and Oct-2011 and were followed for 24 months after enrolment. Differences between the cohorts were observed in clinical characteristics, including type of AF, stroke prevention strategies, and event rates. More patients in the retrospectively identified cohort received vitamin K antagonists (62.1% vs. 53.2%) and fewer received non-vitamin K oral anticoagulants (1.8% vs . 4.2%). All-cause mortality rates per 100 person-years during the prospective follow-up (starting the first study visit up to 1 year) were significantly lower in the retrospective than prospectively identified cohort (3.04 [95% CI 2.51 to 3.67] vs . 4.05 [95% CI 3.53 to 4.63]; p = 0.016). Conclusions: Interpretations of data from registries that aim to evaluate the characteristics and outcomes of patients with AF must take account of differences in registry design and the impact of recall bias and survivorship bias that is incurred with retrospective enrolment. Clinical Trial Registration: - URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov . Unique identifier for GARFIELD-AF (NCT01090362)

Cultura de emprendimiento y su influencia en la responsa-bilidad social de las empresas del sector construcción, Tru-jillo

The purpose of this paper is to determine the influence of the culture of entrepreneurship on the social responsibility of companies in the construction sector, trujillo; said study was based on the methods of the non-experimental design of a descriptive correlational type, for which 45 managers of the construction companies were used as a sample size for the application of the instruments during the collection of information. The data obtained were processed through the statistical software for social sciences spss v23. Likewise, the results found are shown in tables and statistical figures in an orderly and detailed manner. It is concluded that there is a significant influence between the level of entrepreneurial culture and the level of social responsibility of companies in the construction sector of trujillo, thanks to the value of the spearman coefficient test at a significance level (p&lt; 0.05).El presente trabajo tiene por finalidad determinar la influencia de la cultura de emprendimiento en la responsabilidad social de las empresas del sector construccion, trujillo; dicho estudio se basó en los métodos del diseño no experimental de tipo correlacional descriptivo, para ello se contó con 45 gerentes de las empresas constructoras como tamaño de muestra para la aplicación de los instrumentos durante la recolección de información. Los datos obtenidos fueron procesados a través del software de estadística para ciencias sociales spss v23. Así mismo los resultados encontrados se muestran en tablas y figuras estadísticas de forma ordenada y detallada. Se concluye que existe influencia significativa entre el nivel de cultura de emprendimiento y el nivel de responsabilidad socila de las empresas del sector construccion de trujillo, gracias al valor de la prueba de coeficiente de spearman a un nivel de significancia (p&lt;0.05)

Plan estratégico de recursos humanos para el proceso de expansión, con cambio generacional

El presente trabajo tiene como finalidad desarrollar un plan estratégico de recursos humanos para ferretería Ferre Mas, empresa familiar dedicada a la comercialización de productos del rubro ferretero y materiales de construcción. Fue fundada en el año 2005 por el matrimonio Mas Goñas y, actualmente, cuenta con presencia en el mercado de Lima Norte, con dos sedes, una en el distrito de San Martín de Porres y otra en la Provincia Constitucional del Callao. La empresa tiene planes de expansión a los distritos de Carabayllo y Puente Piedra. A lo largo de estos años, Ferre Mas ha crecido en cuanto a cifras en personal, rentabilidad y logística; sin embargo, los procesos se manejan de manera empírica y las decisiones han sido centradas más en la operatividad que en la estrategia. Se identificó que la organización familiar de estudio está atravesando dos cambios importantes: El primero, es concretar su plan de crecimiento y expansión con la implementación de sus nuevos puntos de venta, y el segundo, es la sucesión de la gerencia general a la siguiente generación. Bajo ese escenario se consideró importante diseñar un plan estratégico de Recursos Humanos que brinde soporte y acompañamiento al plan de expansión y cambio generacional. El plan de intervención inició con un diagnóstico sobre los principales procesos del área de Recursos Humanos, como son reclutamiento y selección, inducción, capacitación y administración de personal. En el diagnóstico se encontró que la organización no cuenta con un área de Recursos Humanos y que actualmente la administradora realiza los procesos de compensación, reclutamiento y selección. Los procesos de inducción y capacitación no están formalmente definidos, y se ejecutan de manera empírica

Malnutrición y fragilidad física en adultos mayores sometidos a cirugía electiva abdomino pélvico en un hospital general, Lima-Perú

Introducción: Malnutrición y fragilidad fisica son condiciones comunes en adultos mayores que incrementan el riesgo para eventos adversos en la salud. Diferentes factores pueden contribuir al desarrollo de fragilidad y uno de ellos es el estado nutricional. El objetivo del estudio es describir la relación entre malnutrición y fragilidad fisica en adultos mayores que fueron sometidos a cirugía abdomino pélvica en un hospital general en Lima, Perú. Material y Métodos: Estudio secundario de base de datos del estudio de de cohorte prospectivo “Fragilidad física y eventos adversos en adultos mayores sometidos a cirugía abdomino pélvica en un hospital general en Lima, Perú”, SIDISI: 67507, el cual se llevó a cabo entre Agosto 2017 a marzo del 2019. Los participantes incluídos en este estudio fueron aquellos que tenían en la base de datos la evaluación nutricional y de fragilidad. La evaluación nutricional fue realizada a través del Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) y Fragilidad fue evaluada usando los criterios de Fried. Resultados: Se incluyeron 171 adultos mayores. La edad promedio 68.69 ± 6.82 años, 86 (50.29%) fueron mujeres. Según los criterios de Fried, 49 (28.65%) adultos mayores fueron frágiles y 122 (71.35%) no frágiles. Según el MNA, 53 (30.99%) estuvieron en riesgo de malnutrición o tenían malnutrición. Fragilidad fue significativamente estadística en pacientes con dependencia funcional, compromiso cognitivo,en riesgo de malnutrición o malnutridos (p<0.005) -En el análisis multivariado de regresión logística múltiple se encontró que individuos con pobre estado nutricional presentaron 3,26 veces más riesgo de fragilidad que individuos con un estado nutricional normal [ (95% CI (1.48-7.16), p<0.003], ajustado por las variables de funcionalidad y edad. Conclusiones: Los adultos mayores con pobre estado nutricional tienen mayor riesgo de presentar fragilidad.2021-09-1

EP 250108a/SN 2025kg:Observations of the Most Nearby Broad-line Type Ic Supernova Following an Einstein Probe Fast X-Ray Transient

With a small sample of fast X-ray transients (FXTs) with multiwavelength counterparts discovered to date, their progenitors and connections to γ-ray bursts (GRBs) and supernovae (SNe) remain ambiguous. Here, we present photometric and spectroscopic observations of SN 2025kg, the SN counterpart to the FXT EP 250108a. At z = 0.17641, this is the closest known SN discovered following an Einstein Probe (EP) FXT. We show that SN 2025kg’s optical spectra reveal the hallmark features of a broad-lined Type Ic SN. Its light-curve evolution and expansion velocities are comparable to those of GRB-SNe, including SN 1998bw, and two past FXT-SNe. We present JWST/NIRSpec spectroscopy taken around SN 2025kg’s maximum light, and find weak absorption due to He I 1.0830 μm and 2.0581 μm and a broad, unidentified emission feature at ∼4–4.5 μm. Further, we observe broadened Hα in optical data at 42.5 days that is not detected at other epochs, indicating interaction with H-rich material. From its light curve, we derive a 56Ni mass of 0.2–0.6 M⊙. Together with our companion Letter, our broadband data are consistent with a trapped or low-energy (≲1051 erg) jet-driven explosion from a collapsar with a zero-age main-sequence mass of 15–30 M⊙. Finally, we show that the sample of EP FXT-SNe supports past estimates that low-luminosity jets seen through FXTs are more common than successful (GRB) jets, and that similar FXT-like signatures are likely present in at least a few percent of the brightest Type Ic-BL SNe

Learning of Teaching in the Professional Socialization in Physical Education

Abstract AIMS to investigate how the professional socialization happens through teacher education. METHODS a qualitative research, descriptive, was developed using exploratory interview and narrative interview to clarify and deepen the collected information. Two Physical Education teachers with different stories of personal and professional development participated in this study. Through content analysis the data was organized in themes: the cultural capital and the learning of teaching, as a social, spatial and temporal process; a cognitive, plural and heterogenic process and a human, moral and relational process. RESULTS life settings can be viewed as the building scaffoldings of a professional socialization with the aim of understanding teachers and their practices in the knowledge of their lives, as influenced by social interactions. In this process of successive socializations, teachers build their professional identity, valuing social interactions in the environments they inhabit. In this study, practice was viewed as a site for training, the production of knowledge, and professional socialization in the acquisition of cultural capital. The knowledge of teachers was conceived as having a social nature, bringing underlying sources of acquisition associated with the family, school, and university because they decisively contribute to the structure of the educational practice. CONCLUSION the professional socialization is a dynamic process which involves not only the learning, but the acquisition of a professional ethos and, mainly, a teacher's identity and a base of knowledge that support the social interaction and the teaching culture in the activities and individual socialization in the habitus perspective