Fumonisin B1 And Ochratoxin A In Beers Made In Brazil

Samples of beer made in Brazil were analyzed for the presence of fumonisin B1 (FB1) and ochratoxin A (OTA). FB1 was searched for in 58 beer samples from 30 plants located in nine states. The samples were concentrated and cleaned up with strong ion exchange column, derivatized with OPA and analyzed by HPLC with fluorescence detection. The limit of detection was 0.26 ng.mL-1 and the average recovery was 98%. Twenty-five samples contained FB1 ranging from 1 to 40 ng.mL -1. Beer (123 samples) from 36 plants located in 5 states were analyzed for OTA by means of immunoaffinity column cleanup followed by liquid chromatography associated with fluorescence. The detection limit was 0.1 ng.mL-1 and the average recovery was 92%. Five samples contained OTA in concentrations from 1 to 18 ng.mL-1. The results indicate that FB1 and OTA contamination in Brazilian beer is not geographically limited and that beer does not contribute significantly to FB1 intake by consumers. 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Gas Chromatography - Mass Spectrometry Determination Of Trichothecene Mycotoxins In Commercial Corn Harvested In The State Of São Paulo, Brazil

The incidence of deoxynivalenol (DON), nivalenol (NIV), diacetoxyscirpenol (DAS), and toxins T-2 (T2) and HT-2 (HT2) in 80 samples of commercial corn harvested in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. They were collected in the silos of the two largest corn farmer's cooperatives of this state. The samples were extracted with water/acetonitrile and cleaned-up with MycoSep columns. After trifluoroacetic anhydride derivatization the samples were submitted to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Detection limits ranged from 10 ng g -1 to 40 ng g-1. NIV was present in 5 samples and DON and NIV occurred simultaneously in one sample. DAS, T2 and HT2 were not detected. This is the first report that shows the prevalence of NIV over DON in com harvested in Brazil. © 2006 Sociedade Brasileira de Química.172412416Ueno, Y., (1983) Development in Food Science, 4. , Ueno, Y., ed.Elsevier Press: Tokyo(1993) Toxins Derived from Fusarium Graminearum, F. Culmorum and F. Crookwellense: Zearalenone, Deoxynivalenol, Nivalenol and Fusarenone X, pp. 467-488. , IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to HumanSome Naturally Occurring SubstancesFood Items and Constituents, Heterocyclic Aromatic Amines and Mycotoxins. IARC: LyonSharma, R.P., Kim, Y.-W., (1991) Mycotoxins and Phytoalexins, , Sharma, R. P.Salunkhe, D.K., eds.CRC Press Inc.: Boca Raton, ch. 13Ciegler, A., (1978) J. Food Prot., 41, p. 399Scott, P.M., (1997) Food Addit. Contam., 14, p. 333Tanaka, T., Hasegawa, A., Yamamoto, S., Lee, U.S., Sugiura, Y., Ueno, Y., (1988) J Agric. Food Chem., 36, p. 979Snyder, A.P., (1986) J. Food Prot., 49, p. 544Abbas, H.K., Mirocha, C.J., Tuite, J., (1986) Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 51, p. 841Chulze, S., Bertinetti, C., Dalcero, A., Etcheverry, M., Farnochi, C., Torres, A., Rizzo, I., Varsavsky, E., (1989) Mycot. Res., 5, p. 9Kim, J.-C., Kang, H.-J., Lee, D.-H., Lee, Y.-W., Yoshizawa, T., (1993) Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 59, p. 3798Lauren, D.R., Agnew, M.P., Smith, W.A., Sayers, S.T., (1991) Food Addit. Contam., 8, p. 599Luo, Y., Yoshizawa, T., Zhang, S.-Y., Zhang, B.-J., (1992) Mycot. Res., 8, p. 85Okoye, Z.S.C., (1992) Food Addit. Contam., 10, p. 631Park, J.J., Smalley, E.B., Chu, P.S., (1996) Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 62, p. 1642Yamashita, A., Yoshizawa, T., Aiura, Y., Sanchez, P.C., Dizon, E.I., Arim, R.H., Sardjone, (1995) Biosci. Biotechnol. Bioch., 59, p. 1804Prado, G., Oliveira, M.S., Ferreira, S.O., Corrêa, T.B.S., Affonso, B.R.R., (1997) Ciêne. Tecnol. Alim., 17, p. 259Oliveira, A.Q., Scares, L.M.V., Sawazaki, E., (2001) Ciênc.Tecnol. Alim., 21, p. 330Scott, P.M., (1982) J. Assoc. Off. Anal. Chem., 65, p. 876(1990) Selected Mycotoxins: Ochratoxins, Trichothecenes, Ergot, p. 71. , Environmental and Health Criteria 105. IPCS (International Programme on Chemical Safety): Geneva, ch.2Biselli, S., Hummet, C., (2005) Food Addit. Contam., 22, p. 752Laganà, A., Curini, R., D'Ascenzo, G., De Leva, I., Faberi, A., Pastorini, E., (2005) Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom., 19, p. 2085Schwadorf, K., Muller, H.-M., (1991) Chromatographia, 32, p. 137Schollenberger, M., Lauber, U., Terry Jara, H., Suchy, S., Drochner, W., Muller, H.-M., (1998) J. Chromatogr. A, 815, p. 123Taylor, J.K., (1987) Quality Assurance of Chemical Measurements, 2nd Ed., , Lewis Publishers: ChelseaMiller, J.D., (1995) J. Stored Prod. Res., 31, p.

Impact of dietary plant protein levels on the consumer acceptability of senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis Kaup, 1858)

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Precise measurements of the eta and the neutral kaon meson masses with the KLOE detector

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