Towards a reconfigurable hardware architecture for implementing a LDPC module suitable for software radio systems

Forward Error Correction is a key piece in modern digital communications. When a signal is transmitted over a noisy channel, multiple errors are generated. FEC techniques are directed towards the recovery of such errors. In last years, LDPC (Low Density Parity Check) codes have attracted attention of researchers because of their excellent error correction capabilities, but for actual radios high performance is not enough since they require to communicate with other multiple radios too. In general, communication between multiple radios requires the use of different standards. In this sense, Software Defined Radio (SDR) approach allows building multi standard radios based on reconfigurability abilities which means that base components including recovery errors block must provide reconfigurable options. In this paper, some open problems in designing and implementing reconfigurable LDPC components are presented and discussed. Some features of works in the state of the art are commented and possible research lines proposed

Callus Induction and Cellular Suspensions from Murtilla (Ugni molinae Turcz.) for trans-resveratrol Production

The present study reports for the first time the quantification of resveratrol and the use of biotechnological techniques applied to stilbene productions in species from genus Ugni and calli production from adult explants (fruits). Resveratrol is synthesized by a series of families of higher plants, which has generated much interest in recent years for its antioxidant, anticancer and antitumor properties, which would allow longevity of cells to be prolonged. In this study, leaves and mature fruits were collected from three sites in Southern Chile and correspond to three ecotypes of the Chilean endemic species Ugni molinae Turz. (murtilla). These were established in vitro to prepare the callus and subsequent development of cellular suspensions for trans-resveratrol production. Our results showed that these stilbenes are present in murtilla and that their concentrations vary between ecotypes and tissues, reaching up to 553.5 µg g-1 of t-resveratrol produced in ecotype 3 callus. These values are relatively higher than those found in other plant species. Under optimum culture conditions, extraction of resveratrol from Ugni molinae is scalable to industrial levels, which makes it a viable alternative for obtaining stilbenes.This research was supported by a project of the Innova BíoBío, Corfo-Chile No.12.247

Barreras para la atención en salud durante el diagnóstico y tratamiento del cáncer gástrico

Gastric cancer is a malignant neoplasm of high morbi-mortality. It ranks fifth in world prevalence. Objective: To describe the obstacles to health care during the diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer. Methodology: PubMed, Lilacs, Ebsco, Science-direct, Ovid and google scholar were used to the review of literature that included the consultation of clinical trials, topic reviews and management guides related to gastric cancer and its barriers during diagnosis and treatment between 2009 and 2016. Results: 56 articles achieved the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The obstacles found are administrative, institutional, economic, cultural and knowledge of the patient and the physician about gastric cancer which could limit the access to medical care. Conclusion: In Colombia, the fragmentation and segmentation of the health system impose obstacles on the care of adults with gastric cancer, which cause disparities in health that impact on their survival.Introducción: El cáncer gástrico es una neoplasia maligna de alta morbimortalidad. Ocupa el quinto lugar en prevalencia mundial. Objetivo: Describir las barreras para la atención en salud durante el diagnóstico y tratamiento del cáncer gástrico. Metodología: Para la revisión de la literatura se emplearon bases de datos (PubMed, Lilacs, Ebsco, Science-direct, Ovid y google académico), que incluyó la consulta de ensayos clínicos, revisiones de tema y guías de manejo relacionadas con cáncer gástrico y sus barreras durante el diagnóstico y tratamiento, entre 2009-2016. Resultados: 56 artículos cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión y exclusión. Las barreras halladas son administrativas, institucionales, económicas, culturales y de conocimientos del paciente y el médico, que limitan el acceso a la atención médica. Conclusión: En Colombia, la fragmentación y segmentación del sistema de salud impone barreras en la atención de los adultos con cáncer gástrico ocasionando las disparidades en salud que impactan en su sobrevida

Optimasi Portofolio Resiko Menggunakan Model Markowitz MVO Dikaitkan dengan Keterbatasan Manusia dalam Memprediksi Masa Depan dalam Perspektif Al-Qur`an

Risk portfolio on modern finance has become increasingly technical, requiring the use of sophisticated mathematical tools in both research and practice. Since companies cannot insure themselves completely against risk, as human incompetence in predicting the future precisely that written in Al-Quran surah Luqman verse 34, they have to manage it to yield an optimal portfolio. The objective here is to minimize the variance among all portfolios, or alternatively, to maximize expected return among all portfolios that has at least a certain expected return. Furthermore, this study focuses on optimizing risk portfolio so called Markowitz MVO (Mean-Variance Optimization). Some theoretical frameworks for analysis are arithmetic mean, geometric mean, variance, covariance, linear programming, and quadratic programming. Moreover, finding a minimum variance portfolio produces a convex quadratic programming, that is minimizing the objective function ðð¥with constraintsð ð 𥠥 ðandð´ð¥ = ð. The outcome of this research is the solution of optimal risk portofolio in some investments that could be finished smoothly using MATLAB R2007b software together with its graphic analysis

Lancet

BACKGROUND: In 2015, the second cycle of the CONCORD programme established global surveillance of cancer survival as a metric of the effectiveness of health systems and to inform global policy on cancer control. CONCORD-3 updates the worldwide surveillance of cancer survival to 2014. METHODS: CONCORD-3 includes individual records for 37.5 million patients diagnosed with cancer during the 15-year period 2000-14. Data were provided by 322 population-based cancer registries in 71 countries and territories, 47 of which provided data with 100% population coverage. The study includes 18 cancers or groups of cancers: oesophagus, stomach, colon, rectum, liver, pancreas, lung, breast (women), cervix, ovary, prostate, and melanoma of the skin in adults, and brain tumours, leukaemias, and lymphomas in both adults and children. Standardised quality control procedures were applied; errors were rectified by the registry concerned. We estimated 5-year net survival. Estimates were age-standardised with the International Cancer Survival Standard weights. FINDINGS: For most cancers, 5-year net survival remains among the highest in the world in the USA and Canada, in Australia and New Zealand, and in Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden. For many cancers, Denmark is closing the survival gap with the other Nordic countries. Survival trends are generally increasing, even for some of the more lethal cancers: in some countries, survival has increased by up to 5% for cancers of the liver, pancreas, and lung. For women diagnosed during 2010-14, 5-year survival for breast cancer is now 89.5% in Australia and 90.2% in the USA, but international differences remain very wide, with levels as low as 66.1% in India. For gastrointestinal cancers, the highest levels of 5-year survival are seen in southeast Asia: in South Korea for cancers of the stomach (68.9%), colon (71.8%), and rectum (71.1%); in Japan for oesophageal cancer (36.0%); and in Taiwan for liver cancer (27.9%). By contrast, in the same world region, survival is generally lower than elsewhere for melanoma of the skin (59.9% in South Korea, 52.1% in Taiwan, and 49.6% in China), and for both lymphoid malignancies (52.5%, 50.5%, and 38.3%) and myeloid malignancies (45.9%, 33.4%, and 24.8%). For children diagnosed during 2010-14, 5-year survival for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia ranged from 49.8% in Ecuador to 95.2% in Finland. 5-year survival from brain tumours in children is higher than for adults but the global range is very wide (from 28.9% in Brazil to nearly 80% in Sweden and Denmark). INTERPRETATION: The CONCORD programme enables timely comparisons of the overall effectiveness of health systems in providing care for 18 cancers that collectively represent 75% of all cancers diagnosed worldwide every year. It contributes to the evidence base for global policy on cancer control. Since 2017, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development has used findings from the CONCORD programme as the official benchmark of cancer survival, among their indicators of the quality of health care in 48 countries worldwide. Governments must recognise population-based cancer registries as key policy tools that can be used to evaluate both the impact of cancer prevention strategies and the effectiveness of health systems for all patients diagnosed with cancer. FUNDING: American Cancer Society; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Swiss Re; Swiss Cancer Research foundation; Swiss Cancer League; Institut National du Cancer; La Ligue Contre le Cancer; Rossy Family Foundation; US National Cancer Institute; and the Susan G Komen Foundation

Search for new particles in events with energetic jets and large missing transverse momentum in proton-proton collisions at root s=13 TeV

A search is presented for new particles produced at the LHC in proton-proton collisions at root s = 13 TeV, using events with energetic jets and large missing transverse momentum. The analysis is based on a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 101 fb(-1), collected in 2017-2018 with the CMS detector. Machine learning techniques are used to define separate categories for events with narrow jets from initial-state radiation and events with large-radius jets consistent with a hadronic decay of a W or Z boson. A statistical combination is made with an earlier search based on a data sample of 36 fb(-1), collected in 2016. No significant excess of events is observed with respect to the standard model background expectation determined from control samples in data. The results are interpreted in terms of limits on the branching fraction of an invisible decay of the Higgs boson, as well as constraints on simplified models of dark matter, on first-generation scalar leptoquarks decaying to quarks and neutrinos, and on models with large extra dimensions. Several of the new limits, specifically for spin-1 dark matter mediators, pseudoscalar mediators, colored mediators, and leptoquarks, are the most restrictive to date.Peer reviewe

Probing effective field theory operators in the associated production of top quarks with a Z boson in multilepton final states at root s=13 TeV

Peer reviewe

Measurement of the W gamma Production Cross Section in Proton-Proton Collisions at root s=13 TeV and Constraints on Effective Field Theory Coefficients

A fiducial cross section for W gamma production in proton-proton collisions is measured at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV in 137 fb(-1) of data collected using the CMS detector at the LHC. The W -> e nu and mu nu decay modes are used in a maximum-likelihood fit to the lepton-photon invariant mass distribution to extract the combined cross section. The measured cross section is compared with theoretical expectations at next-to-leading order in quantum chromodynamics. In addition, 95% confidence level intervals are reported for anomalous triple-gauge couplings within the framework of effective field theory.Peer reviewe

Bose-Einstein correlations of charged hadrons in proton-proton collisions at s\sqrt s = 13 TeV

Bose-Einstein correlations of charged hadrons are measured over a broad multiplicity range, from a few particles up to about 250 reconstructed charged hadrons in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV. The results are based on data collected using the CMS detector at the LHC during runs with a special low-pileup configuration. Three analysis techniques with different degrees of dependence on simulations are used to remove the non-Bose-Einstein background from the correlation functions. All three methods give consistent results. The measured lengths of homogeneity are studied as functions of particle multiplicity as well as average pair transverse momentum and mass. The results are compared with data from both CMS and ATLAS at $\sqrt{s}$ = 7 TeV, as well as with theoretical predictions.[graphic not available: see fulltext]Bose-Einstein correlations of charged hadrons are measured over a broad multiplicity range, from a few particles up to about 250 reconstructed charged hadrons in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s} =$ 13 TeV. The results are based on data collected using the CMS detector at the LHC during runs with a special low-pileup configuration. Three analysis techniques with different degrees of dependence on simulations are used to remove the non-Bose-Einstein background from the correlation functions. All three methods give consistent results. The measured lengths of homogeneity are studied as functions of particle multiplicity as well as average pair transverse momentum and mass. The results are compared with data from both CMS and ATLAS at $\sqrt{s} =$ 7 TeV, as well as with theoretical predictions

Measurement of the top quark forward-backward production asymmetry and the anomalous chromoelectric and chromomagnetic moments in pp collisions at √s = 13 TeV

Abstract The parton-level top quark (t) forward-backward asymmetry and the anomalous chromoelectric (d̂ t) and chromomagnetic (μ̂ t) moments have been measured using LHC pp collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, collected in the CMS detector in a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb−1. The linearized variable AFB(1) is used to approximate the asymmetry. Candidate t t ¯ events decaying to a muon or electron and jets in final states with low and high Lorentz boosts are selected and reconstructed using a fit of the kinematic distributions of the decay products to those expected for t t ¯ final states. The values found for the parameters are AFB(1)=0.048−0.087+0.095(stat)−0.029+0.020(syst),μ̂t=−0.024−0.009+0.013(stat)−0.011+0.016(syst), and a limit is placed on the magnitude of | d̂ t| < 0.03 at 95% confidence level. [Figure not available: see fulltext.