8 research outputs found
AgNPs decorated Mg-doped ZnO heterostructure with dramatic SERS activity for trace detection of food contaminants
No full textResearch on the Water Diversion Ratio Characteristics of the Plain River Network--A Case Study of the Channel in Zhangjiagang
No full textOne-step preparation of a N-CNTs@Ni foam electrode material with the co-production of H2 by catalytic reforming of N-containing compound of biomass tar
No full textExperimental and theoretical tools to elucidate the binding mechanisms of solid-binding peptides
No full textBlockade of Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Improves the Arrhythmia Morbidity in Mice With Left Ventricular Hypertrophy
No full textExperimental characterization and simulation of amino acid and peptide interactions with inorganic materials
No full textAncestral reconstruction of tick lineages
No full textAncestral reconstruction in its fullest sense aims to describe the complete evolutionary history of a lineage.
This depends on accurate phylogenies and an understanding of the key characters of each parental
lineage. An attempt is made to delineate our current knowledge with regard to the ancestral reconstruction
of the tick (Ixodida) lineage. Tick characters may be assigned to Core of Life, Lineages of Life or Edges
of Life phenomena depending on how far back these characters may be assigned in the evolutionary Tree
of Life. These include housekeeping genes, sub-cellular systems, heme processing (Core of Life), development,
moulting, appendages, nervous and organ systems, homeostasis, respiration (Lineages of Life),
specific adaptations to a blood-feeding lifestyle, including the complexities of salivary gland secretions
and tick–host interactions (Edges of Life). The phylogenetic relationships of lineages, their origins and
importance in ancestral reconstruction are discussed. Uncertainties with respect to systematic relationships,
ancestral reconstruction and the challenges faced in comparative transcriptomics (next-generation
sequencing approaches) are highlighted. While almost 150 years of information regarding tick biology
have been assembled, progress in recent years indicates that we are in the infancy of understanding tick
evolution. Even so, broad reconstructions can be made with relation to biological features associated with
various lineages. Conservation of characters shared with sister and parent lineages are evident, but appreciable
differences are present in the tick lineage indicating modification with descent, as expected for
Darwinian evolutionary theory. Many of these differences can be related to the hematophagous lifestyle
of ticks.This project was funded by the Joy Liebenberg Trust (21/19/JT02)allocated to BM, incentive funding for rated researchers grant from the National Research Foundation of South Africa (NRF-Mans76499), and the ARC Tick Vaccine project (30/01/V010).http://www.elsevier.com/locate/ttbdis2017-06-30hb2016Veterinary Tropical Disease
