Implementación de un sistema automatizado para el reservorio 66 del Sistema de Riego Chambo-Guano.

En el presente proyecto de investigación como una propuesta tecnológica e innovación, se implementa un sistema automatizado para el reservorio 66 del sistema de riego Chambo Guano, provincia de Chimborazo, para controlar válvulas con mecanismo de mariposa y de compuerta para el ingreso y distribución de agua de riego de manera respetiva, en base a variables como horas de funcionamiento, control de nivel en un tanque reservorio de 18000m3 y el posicionamiento de las válvulas a partir de un sensor inductivo. Los equipos y materiales utilizados para el control y monitoreo del proceso por medio de la red GSM/GPRS están constituidos por, una antena 4G LTE y un módulo de comunicaciones CP1242-7 conectado a un PLC programado para enviar mensajes con notificaciones como el estado de las válvulas, corte y restablecimiento de la energía eléctrica, también recibe acciones de control por parte de los operarios encargados del sistema de riego de manera remota. La metodología utilizada se basa en la comparación de los costos generados en el desplazamiento hasta el reservorio y los costos producidos mediante un control por la red GSM/GPRS. Localmente existe la programación de una red industrial PROFINET entre el PLC y una pantalla HMI, en la que el usuario puede realizar el control, monitoreo y modificación de parámetros de operación, en función a condiciones climáticas o nuevos requerimientos por parte de los usuarios de la red de riego, convirtiéndose en un sistema automatizado eficiente por disminuir los costos de operación ejecutando los procesos en tiempo real y evitando el desplazamiento del personal hasta el reservorio.The present research work as a technological proposal and innovation, implements an automated system for reservoir 66 of the system of irrigation Chambo Guano, in the province of Chimborazo, to control valves with mechanism of butterfly and gate for the income and distribution of irrigation water from repetitive manner, based on variables such as hours of operation, level control in an attack reservoir of 18000m3 and the positioning of valves from an inductive sensor. The equipment and materials used for the control and monitoring of the process by means of the GSM/GPRS network are constituted by an antenna 4G LTE and a communications module CP 1242-7 connected to a PLC programmed to send messages with notifications as the status of valves, court and restoration of electrical energy, also receives actions of control from them operators responsible of the system of irrigation of way remote. The methodology used is based on the comparison of the costs generated in the offset to the reservoir and the costs produced by a control by the GSM/GPRS network. Locally there is the programming of an industrial network PROFINET between the PLC and a screen HMI, in which the user can perform the control, monitoring and modification of parameters of operation, depending on condition climatic in new requests on the part of the users of the network of irrigation, becoming an efficient automated system by reducing the cost of operation by executing the processes in real-time and avoiding the displacement of staff up to the reservoir

Implementación de un sistema automatizado para el reservorio 66 del Sistema de Riego Chambo-Guano.

En el presente proyecto de investigación como una propuesta tecnológica e innovación, se implementa un sistema automatizado para el reservorio 66 del sistema de riego Chambo Guano, provincia de Chimborazo, para controlar válvulas con mecanismo de mariposa y de compuerta para el ingreso y distribución de agua de riego de manera respetiva, en base a variables como horas de funcionamiento, control de nivel en un tanque reservorio de 18000m3 y el posicionamiento de las válvulas a partir de un sensor inductivo. Los equipos y materiales utilizados para el control y monitoreo del proceso por medio de la red GSM/GPRS están constituidos por, una antena 4G LTE y un módulo de comunicaciones CP1242-7 conectado a un PLC programado para enviar mensajes con notificaciones como el estado de las válvulas, corte y restablecimiento de la energía eléctrica, también recibe acciones de control por parte de los operarios encargados del sistema de riego de manera remota. La metodología utilizada se basa en la comparación de los costos generados en el desplazamiento hasta el reservorio y los costos producidos mediante un control por la red GSM/GPRS. Localmente existe la programación de una red industrial PROFINET entre el PLC y una pantalla HMI, en la que el usuario puede realizar el control, monitoreo y modificación de parámetros de operación, en función a condiciones climáticas o nuevos requerimientos por parte de los usuarios de la red de riego, convirtiéndose en un sistema automatizado eficiente por disminuir los costos de operación ejecutando los procesos en tiempo real y evitando el desplazamiento del personal hasta el reservorio.The present research work as a technological proposal and innovation, implements an automated system for reservoir 66 of the system of irrigation Chambo Guano, in the province of Chimborazo, to control valves with mechanism of butterfly and gate for the income and distribution of irrigation water from repetitive manner, based on variables such as hours of operation, level control in an attack reservoir of 18000m3 and the positioning of valves from an inductive sensor. The equipment and materials used for the control and monitoring of the process by means of the GSM/GPRS network are constituted by an antenna 4G LTE and a communications module CP 1242-7 connected to a PLC programmed to send messages with notifications as the status of valves, court and restoration of electrical energy, also receives actions of control from them operators responsible of the system of irrigation of way remote. The methodology used is based on the comparison of the costs generated in the offset to the reservoir and the costs produced by a control by the GSM/GPRS network. Locally there is the programming of an industrial network PROFINET between the PLC and a screen HMI, in which the user can perform the control, monitoring and modification of parameters of operation, depending on condition climatic in new requests on the part of the users of the network of irrigation, becoming an efficient automated system by reducing the cost of operation by executing the processes in real-time and avoiding the displacement of staff up to the reservoir

Diseño, implementación y simulación de un proceso de ensamblaje por prensado controlado con músculo neumático y monitoreado con sistema SCADA

Diseño, implementación y simulación de un proceso de ensamblaje por prensado controlado con músculo neumático y monitoreado con sistema SCADA, realizado en la Facultad de Informática y Electrónica, escuela de Ingeniería Electrónica en Control y Redes Industriales de la Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo. El objetivo es obtener un sistema de control adecuado para aplicar una determinada fuerza sobre un área específica mediante un músculo neumático para que la pieza sea ensamblada correctamente. Para la optimización del proceso se usó métodos experimentales, lógicos y de medición por medio del software Totally Integrated Automation (TIA) Portal v10.5 con la finalidad de linealizar las señales del sistema. Las herramientas para implementar el sistema son principalmente el software Scada Industrial WinCC 2008, Controlador Lógico Programable (PLC) s7-1200 que controla el automatismo, instrumentación y sensores, HMI KTP 600 conectados mediante una red Industrial Ethernet por medio de un router, un completo Sistema de Adquisición de Datos y Control Supervisor (SCADA), actuadores como motores, cilindros y el músculo neumático. Los resultados numéricos principales obtenidos en el transcurso de la simulación e implementación del proyecto son curvas estables con variaciones de ±0.5 psi respecto al valor de consigna, entradas y salidas analógicas al PLC entre 0 y 10 Voltios, valores lógicos de 0 y 24 Voltios. Concluimos que las pruebas para dotar de mayor precisión al control del músculo neumático fueron satisfactorias, se monitorea dinámicamente el proceso, además se logra fortalecer los laboratorios con nuevas tecnologías para el desarrollo en el aprendizaje del estudiante. Se recomienda incursionar en el uso de controles modernos para lograr mejor aprovechamiento de las capacidades del Músculo Neumático en ámbito industrial

Colombian consensus recommendations for diagnosis, management and treatment of the infection by SARS-COV-2/ COVID-19 in health care facilities - Recommendations from expert´s group based and informed on evidence

La Asociación Colombiana de Infectología (ACIN) y el Instituto de Evaluación de Nuevas Tecnologías de la Salud (IETS) conformó un grupo de trabajo para desarrollar recomendaciones informadas y basadas en evidencia, por consenso de expertos para la atención, diagnóstico y manejo de casos de Covid 19. Estas guías son dirigidas al personal de salud y buscar dar recomendaciones en los ámbitos de la atención en salud de los casos de Covid-19, en el contexto nacional de Colombia

Search for dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks in √s = 13 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector

A search for weakly interacting massive particle dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks is presented. Final states containing third-generation quarks and miss- ing transverse momentum are considered. The analysis uses 36.1 fb−1 of proton–proton collision data recorded by the ATLAS experiment at √s = 13 TeV in 2015 and 2016. No significant excess of events above the estimated backgrounds is observed. The results are in- terpreted in the framework of simplified models of spin-0 dark-matter mediators. For colour- neutral spin-0 mediators produced in association with top quarks and decaying into a pair of dark-matter particles, mediator masses below 50 GeV are excluded assuming a dark-matter candidate mass of 1 GeV and unitary couplings. For scalar and pseudoscalar mediators produced in association with bottom quarks, the search sets limits on the production cross- section of 300 times the predicted rate for mediators with masses between 10 and 50 GeV and assuming a dark-matter mass of 1 GeV and unitary coupling. Constraints on colour- charged scalar simplified models are also presented. Assuming a dark-matter particle mass of 35 GeV, mediator particles with mass below 1.1 TeV are excluded for couplings yielding a dark-matter relic density consistent with measurements

Determination of the strong coupling constant αs from transverse energy–energy correlations in multijet events at s√=8 TeV using the ATLAS detector

Measurements of transverse energy–energy correlations and their associated asymmetries in multi-jet events using the ATLAS detector at the LHC are presented. The data used correspond to s√=8 TeV proton–proton collisions with an integrated luminosity of 20.2 fb−1 . The results are presented in bins of the scalar sum of the transverse momenta of the two leading jets, unfolded to the particle level and compared to the predictions from Monte Carlo simulations. A comparison with next-to-leading-order perturbative QCD is also performed, showing excellent agreement within the uncertainties. From this comparison, the value of the strong coupling constant is extracted for different energy regimes, thus testing the running of αs(μ) predicted in QCD up to scales over 1 TeV . A global fit to the transverse energy–energy correlation distributions yields αs(mZ)=0.1162±0.0011(exp.) +0.0084−0.0070(theo.) , while a global fit to the asymmetry distributions yields a value of αs(mZ)=0.1196±0.0013(exp.) +0.0075−0.0045(theo.)

Global, regional, and national burden of disorders affecting the nervous system, 1990–2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

BackgroundDisorders affecting the nervous system are diverse and include neurodevelopmental disorders, late-life neurodegeneration, and newly emergent conditions, such as cognitive impairment following COVID-19. Previous publications from the Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and Risk Factor Study estimated the burden of 15 neurological conditions in 2015 and 2016, but these analyses did not include neurodevelopmental disorders, as defined by the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-11, or a subset of cases of congenital, neonatal, and infectious conditions that cause neurological damage. Here, we estimate nervous system health loss caused by 37 unique conditions and their associated risk factors globally, regionally, and nationally from 1990 to 2021.MethodsWe estimated mortality, prevalence, years lived with disability (YLDs), years of life lost (YLLs), and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), with corresponding 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs), by age and sex in 204 countries and territories, from 1990 to 2021. We included morbidity and deaths due to neurological conditions, for which health loss is directly due to damage to the CNS or peripheral nervous system. We also isolated neurological health loss from conditions for which nervous system morbidity is a consequence, but not the primary feature, including a subset of congenital conditions (ie, chromosomal anomalies and congenital birth defects), neonatal conditions (ie, jaundice, preterm birth, and sepsis), infectious diseases (ie, COVID-19, cystic echinococcosis, malaria, syphilis, and Zika virus disease), and diabetic neuropathy. By conducting a sequela-level analysis of the health outcomes for these conditions, only cases where nervous system damage occurred were included, and YLDs were recalculated to isolate the non-fatal burden directly attributable to nervous system health loss. A comorbidity correction was used to calculate total prevalence of all conditions that affect the nervous system combined.FindingsGlobally, the 37 conditions affecting the nervous system were collectively ranked as the leading group cause of DALYs in 2021 (443 million, 95% UI 378–521), affecting 3·40 billion (3·20–3·62) individuals (43·1%, 40·5–45·9 of the global population); global DALY counts attributed to these conditions increased by 18·2% (8·7–26·7) between 1990 and 2021. Age-standardised rates of deaths per 100 000 people attributed to these conditions decreased from 1990 to 2021 by 33·6% (27·6–38·8), and age-standardised rates of DALYs attributed to these conditions decreased by 27·0% (21·5–32·4). Age-standardised prevalence was almost stable, with a change of 1·5% (0·7–2·4). The ten conditions with the highest age-standardised DALYs in 2021 were stroke, neonatal encephalopathy, migraine, Alzheimer's disease and other dementias, diabetic neuropathy, meningitis, epilepsy, neurological complications due to preterm birth, autism spectrum disorder, and nervous system cancer.InterpretationAs the leading cause of overall disease burden in the world, with increasing global DALY counts, effective prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation strategies for disorders affecting the nervous system are needed

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Correction to: Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat