11 research outputs found
Clarifying the source of Conicofrontia sesamoides Hampson (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) population in South African sugarcane using morphological identification and mitochondrial DNA analysis
- Author
- A Battisti
- A Polaszek
- AJT Janse
- AVZ Brower
- B Giffard
- B. Le Ru
- BP Ru Le
- BP Ru Le
- BP Ru Le
- C Fuller
- C. Capdevielle-Dulac
- CD Thomas
- CE Pemberton
- CW Fox
- D Bourguet
- D Gutiérrez
- DE Conlong
- DE Conlong
- DJ Funk
- DK Dowling
- DL Swofford
- EG Brockerhoff
- F Rousset
- FO Onyango
- G Leslie
- GA Sword
- GD Hurst
- GF Hampson
- GF Hampson
- HJ Bandelt
- HR Pulliam
- I Hanski
- J Dick
- J Moolman
- J Pons
- JD Parker
- JD Thompson
- JL Feder
- KL Silva-Brandão
- KM Harris
- M Sezonlin
- M. Goftishu
- MA Birkett
- MC Whitlock
- MJ Way
- ML Harvey
- NJ Mills
- P Nosil
- P-A Calatayud
- PDN Hebert
- PF Rugman-Jones
- R Kfir
- R Ndemah
- R Staden
- RF Osborne
- S Mopper
- SD Schneider
- SH Berlocher
- SH Tan
- SI Hussain
- SM Velasco‐Cuervo
- T Matama-Kauma
- WG Abrahamson
- WHT Tams
- X Yang
- Y Assefa
- Y Assefa
- Y Assefa
- Y Assefa
- Y Assefa
- Y Assefa
- Y. Assefa
- Publication venue
- 'Springer Science and Business Media LLC'
- Publication date
- Field of study
Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy.
- Author
- Abdalla Fc
- Abeliovich H
- Abraham Rt
- Acevedo Arozena A
- Adeli K
- Agholme L
- Agnello M
- Agostinis P
- Aguirre Ghiso Ja
- Ahn Hj
- Ait Mohamed O
- Ait Si Ali S
- Akematsu T
- Akira S
- Al Younes Hm
- Al Zeer Ma
- Albert Ml
- Albin Rl
- Alegre Abarrategui J
- Aleo Mf
- Alirezaei M
- Almasan A
- Almonte Becerril M
- Amano A
- Amaravadi R
- Amarnath S
- Amer Ao
- Anantharam V
- Andrieu Abadie N
- Ann Dk
- Anoopkumar Dukie S
- Aoki H
- Apostolova N
- Arancia G
- Aris Jp
- Asanuma K
- Asare Ny
- Ashida H
- Askanas V
- Askew Ds
- Auberger P
- B\ue1nhegyi G
- B\ue9chet Dm
- Baba M
- Backues Sk
- Baehrecke Eh
- Bahr Ba
- Bai Xy
- Bailly Y
- Baiocchi R
- Baldini G
- Balduini W
- Ballabio A
- Bamber Ba
- Bampton Et
- Bartholomew Cr
- Bassham Dc
- Bast RC Jr
- Batoko H
- Bay Bh
- Beau I
- Begley Tj
- Behl C
- Behrends C
- Bekri S
- Bellaire B
- Bendall Lj
- Benetti L
- Berliocchi L
- Bernardi H
- Bernassola F
- Besteiro S
- Bhatia Kissova I
- Bi X
- Biard Piechaczyk M
- Blum Js
- Boise Lh
- Bonaldo P
- Boone Dl
- Bornhauser Bc
- Bortoluci Kr
- Bossis I
- Bost F
- Bourquin Jp
- Boya P
- Boyer Guittaut M
- Bozhkov Pv
- Brady Nr
- Brancolini C
- Brech A
- Brenman Je
- Brennand A
- Bresnick Eh
- Brest P
- Bridges D
- Bristol Ml
- Brookes Ps
- Brown Ej
- Brumell Jh
- Brunetti Pierri N
- Brunk Ut
- Bulman De
- Bultman Sj
- Bultynck G
- Burbulla Lf
- Bursch W
- Butchar Jp
- Buzgariu W
- Bydlowski Sp
- Cadwell K
- Cahov\ue1 M
- Cai D
- Cai J
- Cai Q
- Calabretta B
- Calvo Garrido J
- Camougrand N
- Campanella M
- Campos Salinas J
- Candi E
- Cao L
- Caplan Ab
- Carding Sr
- Cardoso Sm
- Carew Js
- Carlin Cr
- Carmignac V
- Carneiro La
- Carra S
- Caruso Ra
- Casari G
- Casas C
- Castino R
- Cebollero E
- Cecconi F
- Celli J
- Chaachouay H
- Chae Hj
- Chai Cy
- Chan Dc
- Chan Ey
- Chang Rc
- Che Cm
- Chen Cc
- Chen Gc
- Chen Gq
- Chen M
- Chen Q
- Chen Ss
- Chen W
- Chen X
- Chen X
- Chen X
- Chen Y
- Chen Y
- Chen Yg
- Chen Yj
- Chen Z
- Cheng A
- Cheng Ch
- Cheng Y
- Cheong H
- Cheong Jh
- Cherry S
- Chess Williams R
- Cheung Zh
- Chevet E
- Chiang Hl
- Chiarelli R
- Chiba T
- Chin Ls
- Chiou Sh
- Chisari Fv
- Cho Ch
- Cho Dh
- Choi Am
- Choi D
- Choi Ks
- Choi Me
- Chouaib S
- Choubey D
- Choubey V
- Chu Ct
- Chuang Th
- Chueh Sh
- Chun T
- Chwae Yj
- Chye Ml
- Ciarcia R
- Ciriolo Mr
- Clague Mj
- Clark Rs
- Clarke Pg
- Clarke R
- Codogno P
- Coller Ha
- Colombo Mi
- Comincini S
- Condello M
- Condorelli F
- Cookson Mr
- Coombs Gh
- Coppens I
- Corbalan R
- Cossart P
- Costelli P
- Costes S
- Coto Montes A
- Couve E
- Coxon Fp
- Cregg Jm
- Crespo Jl
- Cronj\ue9 Mj
- Cuervo Am
- Cullen Jj
- Czaja Mj
- D'Amelio M
- D\uedaz Araya G
- D\uedaz Laviada I
- Darfeuille Michaud A
- Davids Lm
- Davies Fe
- De Felici M
- de Groot Jf
- de Haan Ca
- De Martino L
- De Milito A
- De Tata V
- Debnath J
- Degterev A
- Dehay B
- Delbridge Lm
- Demarchi F
- Deng Yz
- Dengjel J
- Dent P
- Denton D
- Deretic V
- Desai Sd
- Devenish Rj
- Di Gioacchino M
- Di Paolo G
- Di Pietro C
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- Diaz Nido J
- Dikic I
- Dinesh Kumar Sp
- Ding Wx
- Distelhorst Cw
- Diwan A
- Djavaheri Mergny M
- Dokudovskaya S
- Dong Z
- Dorsey Fc
- Dosenko V
- Dowling Jj
- Doxsey S
- Dreux M
- Drew Me
- Duan Q
- Duchosal Ma
- Duff K
- Dugail I
- Durbeej M
- Duszenko M
- Edelstein Cl
- Edinger Al
- Egea G
- Eichinger L
- Eissa Nt
- Ekmekcioglu S
- El Deiry Ws
- Elazar Z
- Elgendy M
- Ellerby Lm
- Eng Ke
- Engelbrecht Am
- Engelender S
- Erenpreisa J
- Escalante R
- Esclatine A
- Eskelinen El
- Espert L
- Espina V
- F\ue9s\ufcs L
- Fan H
- Fan J
- Fan Qw
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- Fanto M
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- Farr\ue9 Jc
- Faure M
- Fechheimer M
- Feng Cg
- Feng J
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- Feng Y
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- Figueiredo Pereira Me
- Fimia Gm
- Fingar Dc
- Finkbeiner S
- Finkel T
- Finley Kd
- Fiorito F
- Fisher Ea
- Fisher Pb
- Flajolet M
- Florez McClure Ml
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- Fox Hs
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- Frankel Lb
- Fransen M
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- Fueyo J
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- Fujisaki K
- Fujita E
- Fukuda M
- Furukawa Rh
- Gaestel M
- Gailly P
- Gajewska M
- Galliot B
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- Ganetzky B
- Ganley Ig
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- Gao Gf
- Gao J
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- Gautel M
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- Gegg Me
- Geng J
- Germain M
- Gestwicki Je
- Gewirtz Da
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- Ghosh P
- Giammarioli Am
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- Golstein P
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- Grant Gd
- Green Kn
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- Hamasaki M
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- Hansen M
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- Harada M
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- Harris J
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- Helfrich Mh
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- Hofmann Tg
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- Hua Y
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- Huber Tb
- Huh Wk
- Hung Th
- Hupp Tr
- Hur Gm
- Hurley Jb
- Hussain Sn
- Hussey Pj
- Hwang Jj
- Hwang S
- Ichihara A
- Ilkhanizadeh S
- Inoki K
- Into T
- Iovane V
- Iovanna Jl
- Ip Ny
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- Ishida H
- Isidoro C
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- Iwasaki A
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- Izumi Y
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- Jendrach M
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- Jeung Eb
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- Jiang X
- Jim\ue9nez A
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- Jin S
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- Juillerat Jeanneret L
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- Jung Yk
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- Kaminskyy Vo
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- Kanamori H
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- Kang Ya
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- Kanno H
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- Kanthasamy Ag
- Karantza V
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- Kaushik S
- Kawazoe Y
- Ke Py
- Kehrl Jh
- Kelekar A
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- Kiel Ja
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- Kihara A
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- Klionsky Dj
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- Knecht E
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- Koh Yh
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- Komatsu M
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- Korolchuk Vi
- Kotake Y
- Koukourakis Mi
- Kouri Flores Jb
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- Kretz Remy C
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- Mysorekar I
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- Notterpek L
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- Priault M
- Produit Zengaffinen N
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- Proikas Cezanne T
- Przedborski S
- Przyklenk K
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- Puyal J
- Qian Sb
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- R\ue9gnier Vigouroux A
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- Roninson Ib
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- Rubinsztein Dc
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- Rucker EB 3rd
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- Scorrano Luca
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- Seiliez I
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- Silva Zacarin Ec
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- Simon Hu
- Simone C
- Simonsen A
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- Sinha D
- Sinicrope Fa
- Sirko A
- Siu Pm
- Sivridis E
- Skop V
- Skulachev Vp
- Slack Rs
- Smaili Ss
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- Soldati T
- Song X
- Sood Ak
- Soong Tw
- Sotgia F
- Spector Sa
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- Subauste Cs
- Sui X
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- Sy Lk
- Szabadkai Gyorgy
- T\uf6nges L
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- Tafani M
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- Takegawa K
- Takemura G
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- Tanaka K
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- Thevissen K
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- Thorburn A
- Thumm M
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- Tian Y
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- Tolkovsky Am
- Tomino Y
- Tooze Sa
- Tournier C
- Tower J
- Towns R
- Trajkovic V
- Travassos Lh
- Tsai Tf
- Tschan Mp
- Tsubata T
- Tsung A
- Turk B
- Turner Ls
- Tyagi Sc
- Uchiyama Y
- Ueno T
- Umekawa M
- Umemiya Shirafuji R
- Unni Vk
- Vaccaro Mi
- Valente Em
- Van den Berghe G
- van der Klei Ij
- van Doorn W
- van Dyk Lf
- van Egmond M
- van Grunsven La
- Vandenabeele P
- Vandenberghe Wp
- Vanhorebeek I
- Vaquero Ec
- Velasco G
- Vellai T
- Vicencio Jm
- Vierstra Rd
- Vila M
- Vindis C
- Viola G
- Viscomi Mt
- Voitsekhovskaja Ov
- von Haefen C
- Votruba M
- Wada K
- Wade Martins R
- Walker Cl
- Walsh Cm
- Walter J
- Wan Xb
- Wang A
- Wang C
- Wang D
- Wang F
- Wang F
- Wang G
- Wang H
- Wang Hd
- Wang Hg
- Wang J
- Wang K
- Wang M
- Wang Rc
- Wang X
- Wang X
- Wang Y
- Wang Yj
- Wang Z
- Wang Z
- Wang Zc
- Wansink Dg
- Ward Dm
- Watada H
- Waters Sl
- Webster P
- Wei L
- Weihl Cc
- Weiss Wa
- Welford Sm
- Wen Lp
- Whitehouse Ca
- Whitton Jl
- Whitworth Aj
- Wileman T
- Wiley Jw
- Wilkinson S
- Willbold D
- Williams Rl
- Williamson Pr
- Wouters Bg
- Wu C
- Wu Dc
- Wu Wk
- Wyttenbach A
- Xavier Rj
- Xi Z
- Xia P
- Xiao G
- Xie Z
- Xie Z
- Xu Dz
- Xu J
- Xu L
- Xu X
- Yamamoto A
- Yamamoto A
- Yamashina S
- Yamashita M
- Yan X
- Yanagida M
- Yang Ds
- Yang E
- Yang Jm
- Yang Sy
- Yang W
- Yang Wy
- Yang Z
- Yao Mc
- Yao Tp
- Yeganeh B
- Yen Wl
- Yin Jj
- Yin Xm
- Yoo Oj
- Yoon G
- Yoon Sy
- Yorimitsu T
- Yoshikawa Y
- Yoshimori T
- Yoshimoto K
- You Hj
- Youle Rj
- Younes A
- Yu L
- Yu L
- Yu Sw
- Yu Wh
- Yuan Zm
- Yue Z
- Yun Ch
- Yuzaki M
- Zabirnyk O
- Zacks D
- Zacksenhaus E
- Zaffaroni N
- Zakeri Z
- Zeh HJ 3rd
- Zeitlin So
- Zhang H
- Zhang Hl
- Zhang J
- Zhang Jp
- Zhang L
- Zhang L
- Zhang My
- Zhang Xd
- Zhao M
- Zhao Y
- Zhao Yf
- Zhao Zj
- Zheng X
- Zhivotovsky B
- Zhong Q
- Zhou Cz
- Zhu C
- Zhu Wg
- Zhu X
- Zhu Xf
- Zhu Y
- Zoladek T
- Zong Wx
- Zorzano A
- Zschocke J
- Zuckerbraun B.
- Publication venue
- Publication date
- 01/01/2012
- Field of study
Guidelines for the Use and Interpretation of Assays for Monitoring Autophagy
- Author
- Abdalla FC
- Abeliovich H
- Abraham RT
- Acevedo-Arozena A
- Adeli K
- Agholme L
- Agnello M
- Agostinis P
- Aguirre-Ghiso JA
- Ahn HJ
- Ait-Mohamed O
- Ait-Si-Ali S
- Akematsu T
- Akira S
- Al-Younes HM
- Al-Zeer MA
- Albert ML
- Albin RL
- Alegre-Abarrategui J
- Aleo MF
- Alirezaei M
- Almasan A
- Almonte-Becerril M
- Amano A
- Amaravadi R
- Amarnath S
- Amer AO
- Anantharam V
- Andrieu-Abadie N
- Ann DK
- Anoopkumar-Dukie S
- Aoki H
- Apostolova N
- Arancia G
- Aris JP
- Asanuma K
- Asare NY
- Ashida H
- Askanas V
- Askew DS
- Auberger P
- B\ue1nhegyi G
- B\ue9chet DM
- Baba M
- Backues SK
- Baehrecke EH
- Bahr BA
- Bai XY
- Bailly Y
- Baiocchi R
- Baldini G
- Balduini W
- Ballabio A
- Bamber BA
- Bampton ET
- Bartholomew CR
- Bassham DC
- Bast RC Jr
- Batoko H
- Bay BH
- Beau I
- Begley TJ
- Behl C
- Behrends C
- Bekri S
- Bellaire B
- Bendall LJ
- Benetti L
- Berliocchi L
- Bernardi H
- Bernassola F
- Besteiro S
- Bhatia-Kissova I
- Bi X
- Biard-Piechaczyk M
- Blum JS
- Boise LH
- Bonaldo P
- Boone DL
- Bornhauser BC
- Bortoluci KR
- Bossis I
- Bost F
- Bourquin JP
- Boya P
- Boyer-Guittaut M
- Bozhkov PV
- Brady NR
- Brancolini C
- Brech A
- Brenman JE
- Brennand A
- Bresnick EH
- Brest P
- Bridges D
- Bristol ML
- Brookes PS
- Brown EJ
- Brumell JH
- Brunetti-Pierri N
- Brunk UT
- Bulman DE
- Bultman SJ
- Bultynck G
- Burbulla LF
- Bursch W
- Butchar JP
- Buzgariu W
- Bydlowski SP
- Cadwell K
- Cahov\ue1 M
- Cai D
- Cai J
- Cai Q
- Calabretta B
- Calvo-Garrido J
- Camougrand N
- Campanella M
- Campos-Salinas J
- Candi E
- Cao L
- Caplan AB
- Carding SR
- Cardoso SM
- Carew JS
- Carlin CR
- Carmignac V
- Carneiro LA
- Carra S
- Caruso RA
- Casari G
- Casas C
- Castino R
- Cebollero E
- Cecconi F
- Celli J
- Chaachouay H
- Chae HJ
- Chai CY
- Chan DC
- Chan EY
- Chang RC
- Che CM
- Chen SS
- Chen CC
- Chen GC
- Chen GQ
- Chen M
- Chen Q
- Chen W
- Chen X
- Chen X
- Chen X
- Chen Y
- Chen Y
- Chen YG
- Chen YJ
- Chen Z
- Cheng A
- Cheng CH
- Cheng Y
- Cheong H
- Cheong JH
- Cherry S
- Chess-Williams R
- Cheung ZH
- Chevet E
- Chiang HL
- Chiarelli R
- Chiba T
- Chin LS
- Chiou SH
- Chisari FV
- Cho CH
- Cho DH
- Choi AM
- Choi D
- Choi KS
- Choi ME
- Chouaib S
- Choubey D
- Choubey V
- Chu CT
- Chuang TH
- Chueh SH
- Chun T
- Chwae YJ
- Chye ML
- Ciarcia R
- Ciriolo MR
- Clague MJ
- Clark RS
- Clarke PG
- Clarke R
- Codogno P
- Coller HA
- Colombo MI
- Comincini S
- Condello M
- Condorelli F
- Cookson MR
- Coombs GH
- Coppens I
- Corbalan R
- Cossart P
- Costelli P
- Costes S
- Coto-Montes A
- Couve E
- Coxon FP
- Cregg JM
- Crespo JL
- Cronj\ue9 MJ
- Cuervo AM
- Cullen JJ
- Czaja MJ
- D'Amelio M
- D\uedaz-Araya G
- D\uedaz-Laviada I
- Darfeuille-Michaud A
- Davids LM
- Davies FE
- De Felici M
- de Groot JF
- de Haan CA
- De Martino L
- De Milito A
- De Tata V
- Debnath J
- Degterev A
- Dehay B
- Delbridge LM
- Demarchi F
- Deng YZ
- Dengjel J
- Dent P
- Denton D
- Deretic V
- Desai SD
- Devenish RJ
- Di Gioacchino M
- Di Paolo G
- Di Pietro C
- Diaz-Meco MT
- Diaz-Nido J
- Dikic I
- Dinesh-Kumar SP
- Ding WX
- Distelhorst CW
- Diwan A
- Djavaheri-Mergny M
- Dokudovskaya S
- Dong Z
- Dorsey FC
- Dosenko V
- Dowling JJ
- Doxsey S
- Dreux M
- Drew ME
- Duan Q
- Duchosal MA
- Duff K
- Dugail I
- Durbeej M
- Duszenko M
- Edelstein CL
- Edinger AL
- Egea G
- Eichinger L
- Eissa NT
- Ekmekcioglu S
- El-Deiry WS
- Elazar Z
- Elgendy M
- Ellerby LM
- Eng KE
- Engelbrecht AM
- Engelender S
- Erenpreisa J
- Escalante R
- Esclatine A
- Eskelinen EL
- Espert L
- Espina V
- F\ue9s\ufcs L
- Fan H
- Fan J
- Fan QW
- Fan Z
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- Fang Y
- Fanto M
- Fanzani A
- Farkas T
- Farr\ue9 JC
- Faure M
- Fechheimer M
- Feng CG
- Feng J
- Feng Q
- Feng Y
- Feuer R
- Figueiredo-Pereira ME
- Fimia GM
- Fingar DC
- Finkbeiner S
- Finkel T
- Finley KD
- Fiorito F
- Fisher EA
- Fisher PB
- Flajolet M
- Florez-McClure ML
- Florio S
- Fon EA
- Fornai F
- Fortunato F
- Fotedar R
- Fowler DH
- Fox HS
- Franco R
- Frankel LB
- Fransen M
- Fuentes JM
- Fueyo J
- Fujii J
- Fujisaki K
- Fujita E
- Fukuda M
- Furukawa RH
- Gaestel M
- Gailly P
- Gajewska M
- Galliot B
- Galy V
- Ganesh S
- Ganetzky B
- Ganley IG
- Gao FB
- Gao GF
- Gao J
- Garcia L
- Garcia-Manero G
- Garcia-Marcos M
- Garmyn M
- Gartel AL
- Gatti E
- Gautel M
- Gawriluk TR
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- Geng J
- Germain M
- Gestwicki JE
- Gewirtz DA
- Ghavami S
- Ghosh P
- Giammarioli AM
- Giatromanolaki AN
- Gibson SB
- Gilkerson RW
- Ginger ML
- Ginsberg HN
- Golab J
- Goligorsky MS
- Golstein P
- Gomez-Manzano C
- Goncu E
- Gongora C
- Gonz\ue1lez-Est\ue9vez C
- Gonz\ue1lez-Polo RA
- Gonzalez CD
- Gonzalez R
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- Gorbunov NV
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- Goruppi S
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- Grant GD
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- H\uf6hfeld J
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- Hamasaki M
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- Han T
- Hancock MK
- Hansen M
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- Harada M
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- Harris AL
- Harris J
- Harris SD
- Hashimoto M
- Haspel JA
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- He C
- He YW
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- Helfrich MH
- Helgason GV
- Henske EP
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- Herman PK
- Hetz C
- Hilfiker S
- Hill JA
- Hocking LJ
- Hofman P
- Hofmann TG
- Holyoake TL
- Hong MH
- Hood DA
- Hotamisligil GS
- Houwerzijl EJ
- Hu B
- Hu CA
- Hu HM
- Hua Y
- Huang S
- Huang C
- Huang J
- Huang WP
- Huber TB
- Huh WK
- Hung TH
- Hupp TR
- Hur GM
- Hurley JB
- Hussain SN
- Hussey PJ
- Hwang JJ
- Hwang S
- Ichihara A
- Ilkhanizadeh S
- Inoki K
- Into T
- Iovane V
- Iovanna JL
- Ip NY
- Isaka Y
- Ishida H
- Isidoro C
- Isobe K
- Iwasaki A
- Izquierdo M
- Izumi Y
- J\ue4\ue4ttel\ue4 M
- Jaakkola PM
- Jackson GR
- Jackson WT
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- Jendrach M
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- Jeung EB
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- Jiang H
- Jiang H
- Jiang JX
- Jiang M
- Jiang Q
- Jiang X
- Jim\ue9nez A
- Jin M
- Jin S
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- Joseph SK
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- Juh\ue1sz G
- Juillerat-Jeanneret L
- Jung YK
- Jung CH
- Kaarniranta K
- Kaasik A
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- Kadowaki M
- Kagedal K
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- Kaminskyy VO
- Kampinga HH
- Kanamori H
- Kang C
- Kang KB
- Kang KI
- Kang R
- Kang YA
- Kanki T
- Kanneganti TD
- Kanno H
- Kanthasamy A
- Kanthasamy AG
- Karantza V
- Kaushal GP
- Kaushik S
- Kawazoe Y
- Ke PY
- Kehrl JH
- Kelekar A
- Kerkhoff C
- Kessel DH
- Khalil H
- Kiel JA
- Kiger AA
- Kihara A
- Kim DH
- Kim DH
- Kim DR
- Kim EK
- Kim HR
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- Kim JH
- Kim JK
- Kim JS
- Kim PK
- Kim SW
- Kim Y
- Kim YS
- Kimchi A
- Kimmelman AC
- King JS
- Kinsella TJ
- Kirkin V
- Kirshenbaum LA
- Kitamoto K
- Kitazato K
- Klein L
- Klimecki WT
- Klionsky DJ
- Klucken J
- Knecht E
- Ko BC
- Koch JC
- Koga H
- Koh JY
- Koh YH
- Koike M
- Komatsu M
- Kominami E
- Kong HJ
- Kong WJ
- Korolchuk VI
- Kotake Y
- Koukourakis MI
- Kouri Flores JB
- Kov\ue1cs AL
- Kr\ue4mer H
- Kr\ufcger R
- Kraft C
- Krainc D
- Kretz-Remy C
- Krichevsky AM
- Kroemer G
- Krut O
- Ktistakis NT
- Kuan CY
- Kucharczyk R
- Kumar A
- Kumar R
- Kumar S
- Kundu M
- Kung HJ
- Kurz T
- Kwon HJ
- L\u151w P
- L\ue1szl\uf3 L
- L\uf3pez-Ot\uedn C
- La Spada AR
- Lafont F
- Lamark T
- Landry J
- Lane JD
- Lapaquette P
- Laporte JF
- Lavandero S
- Lavoie JN
- Layfield R
- Lazo PA
- Le Cam L
- Le W
- Ledbetter DJ
- Lee GM
- Lee AJ
- Lee BW
- Lee J
- Lee JH
- Lee M
- Lee MS
- Lee SH
- Leeuwenburgh C
- Legembre P
- Legouis R
- Lehmann M
- Lei HY
- Lei QY
- Leib DA
- Leiro J
- Lemasters JJ
- Lemoine A
- Lesniak MS
- Lev D
- Levenson VV
- Levine B
- Levy E
- Li YB
- Li F
- Li JL
- Li L
- Li S
- Li W
- Li XJ
- Li YP
- Liang C
- Liang Q
- Liao YF
- Liberski PP
- Lieberman A
- Lim HJ
- Lim K
- Lim KL
- Lin CF
- Lin FC
- Lin J
- Lin JD
- Lin K
- Lin WC
- Lin WW
- Lin YL
- Linden R
- Lingor P
- Lippincott-Schwartz J
- Lisanti MP
- Liton PB
- Liu L
- Liu B
- Liu CF
- Liu K
- Liu QA
- Liu W
- Liu Y
- Liu YC
- Lockshin RA
- Lok CN
- Lonial S
- Loos B
- Lopez-Berestein G
- Lossi L
- Lotze MT
- Lu Z
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- Lu B
- Lu B
- Luciano F
- Lukacs NW
- Lund AH
- Lynch-Day MA
- M\ufcller S
- M\ufcnger K
- M\ufcnz C
- Ma Y
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- MacKeigan JP
- Macleod KF
- Madeo F
- Maiuri L
- Maiuri MC
- Malagoli D
- Malicdan MC
- Malorni W
- Man N
- Mandelkow EM
- Manon S
- Manov I
- Mao K
- Mao X
- Mao Z
- Marambaud P
- Marazziti D
- Marcel YL
- Marchbank K
- Marchetti P
- Marciniak SJ
- Marcondes M
- Mardi M
- Marfe G
- Mari\uf1o G
- Markaki M
- Marten MR
- Martin SJ
- Martinand-Mari C
- Martinet W
- Martinez-Vicente M
- Masini M
- Matarrese P
- Matsuo S
- Matteoni R
- Mayer A
- Mazure NM
- McConkey DJ
- McConnell MJ
- McDermott C
- McDonald C
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- Meisler MH
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- Menna-Barreto RF
- Menon MB
- Menzies FM
- Mercer CA
- Merighi A
- Merry DE
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- Meyer TF
- Miao CY
- Miao JY
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- Michiels C
- Mijaljica D
- Milojkovic A
- Minucci S
- Miracco C
- Miranti CK
- Mitroulis I
- Miyazawa K
- Mizushima N
- Mograbi B
- Mohseni S
- Molero X
- Mollereau B
- Mollinedo F
- Momoi T
- Monastyrska I
- Monick MM
- Monteiro MJ
- Moore MN
- Mora R
- Moreau K
- Moreira PI
- Moriyasu Y
- Moscat J
- Mostowy S
- Mottram JC
- Motyl T
- Moussa CE
- Muller S
- Murphy LO
- Murphy ME
- Musar\uf2 A
- Mysorekar I
- N\ufcrnberger T
- Nagata E
- Nagata K
- Nahimana A
- Nair U
- Nakagawa T
- Nakahira K
- Nakano H
- Nakatogawa H
- Nanjundan M
- Naqvi NI
- Narendra DP
- Narita M
- Navarro M
- Nawrocki ST
- Nazarko TY
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- Neufeld TP
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- Nie D
- Nishino I
- Nislow C
- Nixon RA
- Noda T
- Noegel AA
- Nogalska A
- Noguchi S
- Notterpek L
- Novak I
- Nozaki T
- Nukina N
- Nyfeler B
- Obara K
- Oberley TD
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- Ogawa M
- Ohashi T
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- Oleinick NL
- Oliver FJ
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- Opota O
- Osborne TF
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- Otsu K
- Ou JH
- Ouimet M
- Overholtzer M
- Ozpolat B
- P\uf6ggeler S
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- Pagnini U
- Pallet N
- Palmer GE
- Palumbo C
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- Panaretakis T
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- Papackova Z
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- Paris I
- Park J
- Park OK
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- Parzych KR
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- Pattingre S
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- Peng J
- Perlmutter DH
- Perrotta I
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- Pervaiz S
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- Petersen M
- Petrovski G
- Phang JM
- Piacentini M
- Pierre P
- Pierrefite-Carle V
- Pierron G
- Pinkas-Kramarski R
- Piras A
- Piri N
- Platanias LC
- Po\ufcs C
- Poirot M
- Poletti A
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- Pr\ue6torius-Ibba M
- Prasad A
- Prescott M
- Priault M
- Produit-Zengaffinen N
- Progulske-Fox A
- Proikas-Cezanne T
- Przedborski S
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- Puyal J
- Qian SB
- Qin L
- Qin ZH
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- R\ue9gnier-Vigouroux A
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- Ray SK
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- Revuelta JL
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- Ritis K
- Rizzo E
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- Roberge M
- Roca H
- Roccheri MC
- Rocchi S
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- Rohrer B
- Roninson IB
- Rosen K
- Rost-Roszkowska MM
- Rouis M
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- Rovetta F
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- Rubinsztein DC
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- Rudich A
- Rudolf E
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- Russo R
- Rusten TE
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- Ryter SW
- S\ue1nchez-Alc\ue1zar JA
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- Sadoshima J
- Saha T
- Saitoh T
- Sakagami H
- Sakai Y
- Salekdeh GH
- Salomoni P
- Salvaterra PM
- Salvesen G
- Salvioli R
- Sanchez AM
- Sandri M
- Sankar U
- Sansanwal P
- Santambrogio L
- Saran S
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- Sarwal M
- Sasakawa C
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- Sass M
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- Sato M
- Sch\ue4tzl HM
- Sch\ufcller C
- Schapira AH
- Scharl M
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- Schiaffino S
- Schneider C
- Schneider ME
- Schneider-Stock R
- Schoenlein PV
- Schorderet DF
- Schwartz GK
- Scorrano L
- Sealy L
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- Seiliez I
- Seleverstov O
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- Seo JB
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- Shacka JJ
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- Shaulian E
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- Shen WC
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- Sibirny AA
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- Sikorska B
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- Takegawa K
- Takemura G
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- Tan KS
- Tanaka K
- Tanaka K
- Tang D
- Tang D
- Tanida I
- Tannous BA
- Tavernarakis N
- Taylor GA
- Taylor GS
- Taylor JP
- Terada LS
- Terman A
- Tettamanti G
- Thevissen K
- Thompson CB
- Thorburn A
- Thumm M
- Tian F
- Tian Y
- Tocchini-Valentini G
- Tolkovsky AM
- Tomino Y
- Tooze SA
- Tournier C
- Tower J
- Towns R
- Trajkovic V
- Travassos LH
- Tsai TF
- Tschan MP
- Tsubata T
- Tsung A
- Turk B
- Turner LS
- Tyagi SC
- Uchiyama Y
- Ueno T
- Umekawa M
- Umemiya-Shirafuji R
- Unni VK
- Vaccaro MI
- Valente EM
- Van den Berghe G
- van der Klei IJ
- van Doorn W
- van Dyk LF
- van Egmond M
- van Grunsven LA
- Vandenabeele P
- Vandenberghe WP
- Vanhorebeek I
- Vaquero EC
- Velasco G
- Vellai T
- Vicencio JM
- Vierstra RD
- Vila M
- Vindis C
- Viola G
- Viscomi MT
- Voitsekhovskaja OV
- von Haefen C
- Votruba M
- Wada K
- Wade-Martins R
- Walker CL
- Walsh CM
- Walter J
- Wan XB
- Wang ZC
- Wang A
- Wang C
- Wang D
- Wang F
- Wang F
- Wang G
- Wang H
- Wang HD
- Wang HG
- Wang J
- Wang K
- Wang M
- Wang RC
- Wang X
- Wang X
- Wang Y
- Wang YJ
- Wang Z
- Wang Z
- Wansink DG
- Ward DM
- Watada H
- Waters SL
- Webster P
- Wei L
- Weihl CC
- Weiss WA
- Welford SM
- Wen LP
- Whitehouse CA
- Whitton JL
- Whitworth AJ
- Wileman T
- Wiley JW
- Wilkinson S
- Willbold D
- Williams RL
- Williamson PR
- Wouters BG
- Wu C
- Wu DC
- Wu WK
- Wyttenbach A
- Xavier RJ
- Xi Z
- Xia P
- Xiao G
- Xie Z
- Xie Z
- Xu DZ
- Xu J
- Xu L
- Xu X
- Yamamoto A
- Yamamoto A
- Yamashina S
- Yamashita M
- Yan X
- Yanagida M
- Yang DS
- Yang E
- Yang JM
- Yang SY
- Yang W
- Yang WY
- Yang Z
- Yao MC
- Yao TP
- Yeganeh B
- Yen WL
- Yin JJ
- Yin XM
- Yoo OJ
- Yoon G
- Yoon SY
- Yorimitsu T
- Yoshikawa Y
- Yoshimori T
- Yoshimoto K
- You HJ
- Youle RJ
- Younes A
- Yu SW
- Yu L
- Yu L
- Yu WH
- Yuan ZM
- Yue Z
- Yun CH
- Yuzaki M
- Zabirnyk O
- Zacks D
- Zacksenhaus E
- Zaffaroni N
- Zakeri Z
- Zeh HJ 3rd
- Zeitlin SO
- Zhang HL
- Zhang H
- Zhang J
- Zhang JP
- Zhang L
- Zhang L
- Zhang MY
- Zhang XD
- Zhao M
- Zhao Y
- Zhao YF
- Zhao ZJ
- Zheng X
- Zhivotovsky B
- Zhong Q
- Zhou CZ
- Zhu C
- Zhu WG
- Zhu X
- Zhu XF
- Zhu Y
- Zoladek T
- Zong WX
- Zorzano A
- Zschocke J
- Zuckerbraun B.
- Publication venue
- Publication date
- 01/01/2012
- Field of study
Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy.
- Author
- Abdalla Fc
- Abeliovich H
- Abraham Rt
- Acevedo-Arozena A
- Adeli K
- Agholme L
- Agnello M
- Agostinis P
- Aguirre-Ghiso Ja
- Ahn Hj
- Ait-Mohamed O
- Ait-Si-Ali S
- Akematsu T
- Akira S
- Al-Younes Hm
- Al-Zeer Ma
- Albert Ml
- Albin Rl
- Alegre-Abarrategui J
- Aleo Mf
- Alirezaei M
- Almasan A
- Almonte-Becerril M
- Amano A
- Amaravadi R
- Amarnath S
- Amer Ao
- Anantharam V
- Andrieu-Abadie N
- Ann Dk
- Anoopkumar-Dukie S
- Aoki H
- Apostolova N
- Arancia G
- Aris Jp
- Asanuma K
- Asare Ny
- Ashida H
- Askanas V
- Askew Ds
- Auberger P
- B\ue1nhegyi G
- B\ue9chet Dm
- Baba M
- Backues Sk
- Baehrecke Eh
- Bahr Ba
- Bai Xy
- Bailly Y
- Baiocchi R
- Baldini G
- Balduini W
- Ballabio A
- Bamber Ba
- Bampton Et
- Bartholomew Cr
- Bassham Dc
- Bast RC Jr
- Batoko H
- Bay Bh
- Beau I
- Begley Tj
- Behl C
- Behrends C
- Bekri S
- Bellaire B
- Bendall Lj
- Benetti L
- Berliocchi L
- Bernardi H
- Bernassola F
- Besteiro S
- Bhatia-Kissova I
- Bi X
- Biard-Piechaczyk M
- Blum Js
- Boise Lh
- Bonaldo P
- Boone Dl
- Bornhauser Bc
- Bortoluci Kr
- Bossis I
- Bost F
- Bourquin Jp
- Boya P
- Boyer-Guittaut M
- Bozhkov Pv
- Brady Nr
- Brancolini C
- Brech A
- Brenman Je
- Brennand A
- Bresnick Eh
- Brest P
- Bridges D
- Bristol Ml
- Brookes Ps
- Brown Ej
- Brumell Jh
- Brunetti-Pierri N
- Brunk Ut
- Bulman De
- Bultman Sj
- Bultynck G
- Burbulla Lf
- Bursch W
- Butchar Jp
- Buzgariu W
- Bydlowski Sp
- Cadwell K
- Cahov\ue1 M
- Cai D
- Cai J
- Cai Q
- Calabretta B
- Calvo-Garrido J
- Camougrand N
- Campanella M
- Campos-Salinas J
- Candi E
- Cao L
- Caplan Ab
- Carding Sr
- Cardoso Sm
- Carew Js
- Carlin Cr
- Carmignac V
- Carneiro La
- Carra S
- Caruso Ra
- Casari G
- Casas C
- Castino R
- Cebollero E
- Cecconi F
- Celli J
- Chaachouay H
- Chae Hj
- Chai Cy
- Chan Dc
- Chan Ey
- Chang Rc
- Che Cm
- Chen Cc
- Chen Gc
- Chen Gq
- Chen M
- Chen Q
- Chen Ss
- Chen W
- Chen X
- Chen X
- Chen X
- Chen Y
- Chen Y
- Chen Yg
- Chen Yj
- Chen Z
- Cheng A
- Cheng Ch
- Cheng Y
- Cheong H
- Cheong Jh
- Cherry S
- Chess-Williams R
- Cheung Zh
- Chevet E
- Chiang Hl
- Chiarelli R
- Chiba T
- Chin Ls
- Chiou Sh
- Chisari Fv
- Cho Ch
- Cho Dh
- Choi Am
- Choi D
- Choi Ks
- Choi Me
- Chouaib S
- Choubey D
- Choubey V
- Chu Ct
- Chuang Th
- Chueh Sh
- Chun T
- Chwae Yj
- Chye Ml
- Ciarcia R
- Ciriolo Mr
- Clague Mj
- Clark Rs
- Clarke Pg
- Clarke R
- Codogno P
- Coller Ha
- Colombo Mi
- Comincini S
- Condello M
- Condorelli F
- Cookson Mr
- Coombs Gh
- Coppens I
- Corbalan R
- Cossart P
- Costelli P
- Costes S
- Coto-Montes A
- Couve E
- Coxon Fp
- Cregg Jm
- Crespo Jl
- Cronj\ue9 Mj
- Cuervo Am
- Cullen Jj
- Czaja Mj
- D'Amelio M
- D\uedaz-Araya G
- D\uedaz-Laviada I
- Darfeuille-Michaud A
- Davids Lm
- Davies Fe
- De Felici M
- de Groot JF
- de Haan CA
- De Martino L
- De Milito A
- De Tata V
- Debnath J
- Degterev A
- Dehay B
- Delbridge Lm
- Demarchi F
- Deng Yz
- Dengjel J
- Dent P
- Denton D
- Deretic V
- Desai Sd
- Devenish Rj
- Di Gioacchino M
- Di Paolo G
- Di Pietro C
- Diaz-Meco Mt
- Diaz-Nido J
- Dikic I
- Dinesh-Kumar Sp
- Ding Wx
- Distelhorst Cw
- Diwan A
- Djavaheri-Mergny M
- Dokudovskaya S
- Dong Z
- Dorsey Fc
- Dosenko V
- Dowling Jj
- Doxsey S
- Dreux M
- Drew Me
- Duan Q
- Duchosal Ma
- Duff K
- Dugail I
- Durbeej M
- Duszenko M
- Edelstein Cl
- Edinger Al
- Egea G
- Eichinger L
- Eissa Nt
- Ekmekcioglu S
- El-Deiry Ws
- Elazar Z
- Elgendy M
- Ellerby Lm
- Eng Ke
- Engelbrecht Am
- Engelender S
- Erenpreisa J
- Escalante R
- Esclatine A
- Eskelinen El
- Espert L
- Espina V
- F\ue9s\ufcs L
- Fan H
- Fan J
- Fan Qw
- Fan Z
- Fang S
- Fang Y
- Fanto M
- Fanzani A
- Farkas T
- Farr\ue9 Jc
- Faure M
- Fechheimer M
- Feng Cg
- Feng J
- Feng Q
- Feng Y
- Feuer R
- Figueiredo-Pereira Me
- Fimia Gm
- Fingar Dc
- Finkbeiner S
- Finkel T
- Finley Kd
- Fiorito F
- Fisher Ea
- Fisher Pb
- Flajolet M
- Florez-McClure Ml
- Florio S
- Fon Ea
- Fornai F
- Fortunato F
- Fotedar R
- Fowler Dh
- Fox Hs
- Franco R
- Frankel Lb
- Fransen M
- Fuentes Jm
- Fueyo J
- Fujii J
- Fujisaki K
- Fujita E
- Fukuda M
- Furukawa Rh
- Gaestel M
- Gailly P
- Gajewska M
- Galliot B
- Galy V
- Ganesh S
- Ganetzky B
- Ganley Ig
- Gao Fb
- Gao Gf
- Gao J
- Garcia L
- Garcia-Manero G
- Garcia-Marcos M
- Garmyn M
- Gartel Al
- Gatti E
- Gautel M
- Gawriluk Tr
- Gegg Me
- Geng J
- Germain M
- Gestwicki Je
- Gewirtz Da
- Ghavami S
- Ghosh P
- Giammarioli Am
- Giatromanolaki An
- Gibson Sb
- Gilkerson Rw
- Ginger Ml
- Ginsberg Hn
- Golab J
- Goligorsky Ms
- Golstein P
- Gomez-Manzano C
- Goncu E
- Gongora C
- Gonz\ue1lez-Est\ue9vez C
- Gonz\ue1lez-Polo Ra
- Gonzalez Cd
- Gonzalez R
- Gonzalez-Rey E
- Gorbunov Nv
- Gorski S
- Goruppi S
- Gottlieb Ra
- Gozuacik D
- Granato Ge
- Grant Gd
- Green Kn
- Gregorc A
- Gros F
- Grose C
- Grunt Tw
- Gual P
- Guan Jl
- Guan Kl
- Guichard Sm
- Gukovskaya As
- Gukovsky I
- Gunst J
- Gustafsson Ab
- H\ue9bert Mj
- H\uf6hfeld J
- H\uf8yer-Hansen M
- Halayko Aj
- Hale An
- Halonen Sk
- Hamasaki M
- Han F
- Han T
- Hancock Mk
- Hansen M
- Harada H
- Harada M
- Hardt Se
- Harper Jw
- Harris Al
- Harris J
- Harris Sd
- Hashimoto M
- Haspel Ja
- Hayashi S
- Hazelhurst La
- He C
- He Yw
- Heidenreich Ka
- Helfrich Mh
- Helgason Gv
- Henske Ep
- Herman B
- Herman Pk
- Hetz C
- Hilfiker S
- Hill Ja
- Hocking Lj
- Hofman P
- Hofmann Tg
- Holyoake Tl
- Hong Mh
- Hood Da
- Hotamisligil Gs
- Houwerzijl Ej
- Hu B
- Hu Ca
- Hu Hm
- Hua Y
- Huang C
- Huang J
- Huang S
- Huang Wp
- Huber Tb
- Huh Wk
- Hung Th
- Hupp Tr
- Hur Gm
- Hurley Jb
- Hussain Sn
- Hussey Pj
- Hwang Jj
- Hwang S
- Ichihara A
- Ilkhanizadeh S
- Inoki K
- Into T
- Iovane V
- Iovanna Jl
- Ip Ny
- Isaka Y
- Ishida H
- Isidoro C
- Isobe K
- Iwasaki A
- Izquierdo M
- Izumi Y
- J\ue4\ue4ttel\ue4 M
- Jaakkola Pm
- Jackson Gr
- Jackson Wt
- Janji B
- Jendrach M
- Jeon Jh
- Jeung Eb
- Jiang H
- Jiang H
- Jiang Jx
- Jiang M
- Jiang Q
- Jiang X
- Jiang X
- Jim\ue9nez A
- Jin M
- Jin S
- Joe Co
- Johansen T
- Johnson De
- Johnson Gv
- Jones Nl
- Joseph B
- Joseph Sk
- Joubert Am
- Juh\ue1sz G
- Juillerat-Jeanneret L
- Jung Ch
- Jung Yk
- Kaarniranta K
- Kaasik A
- Kabuta T
- Kadowaki M
- Kagedal K
- Kamada Y
- Kaminskyy Vo
- Kampinga Hh
- Kanamori H
- Kang C
- Kang Kb
- Kang Ki
- Kang R
- Kang Ya
- Kanki T
- Kanneganti Td
- Kanno H
- Kanthasamy A
- Kanthasamy Ag
- Karantza V
- Kaushal Gp
- Kaushik S
- Kawazoe Y
- Ke Py
- Kehrl Jh
- Kelekar A
- Kerkhoff C
- Kessel Dh
- Khalil H
- Kiel Ja
- Kiger Aa
- Kihara A
- Kim Dh
- Kim Dh
- Kim Dr
- Kim Ek
- Kim Hr
- Kim Jc
- Kim Jh
- Kim Jk
- Kim Js
- Kim Pk
- Kim Sw
- Kim Y
- Kim Ys
- Kimchi A
- Kimmelman Ac
- King Js
- Kinsella Tj
- Kirkin V
- Kirshenbaum La
- Kitamoto K
- Kitazato K
- Klein L
- Klimecki Wt
- Klionsky Dj
- Klucken J
- Knecht E
- Ko Bc
- Koch Jc
- Koga H
- Koh Jy
- Koh Yh
- Koike M
- Komatsu M
- Kominami E
- Kong Hj
- Kong Wj
- Korolchuk Vi
- Kotake Y
- Koukourakis Mi
- Kouri Flores JB
- Kov\ue1cs Al
- Kr\ue4mer H
- Kr\ufcger R
- Kraft C
- Krainc D
- Kretz-Remy C
- Krichevsky Am
- Kroemer G
- Krut O
- Ktistakis Nt
- Kuan Cy
- Kucharczyk R
- Kumar A
- Kumar R
- Kumar S
- Kundu M
- Kung Hj
- Kurz T
- Kwon Hj
- L\u151w P
- L\ue1szl\uf3 L
- L\uf3pez-Ot\uedn C
- La Spada AR
- Lafont F
- Lamark T
- Landry J
- Lane Jd
- Lapaquette P
- Laporte Jf
- Lavandero S
- Lavoie Jn
- Layfield R
- Lazo Pa
- Le Cam L
- Le W
- Ledbetter Dj
- Lee Aj
- Lee Bw
- Lee Gm
- Lee J
- Lee Jh
- Lee M
- Lee Ms
- Lee Sh
- Leeuwenburgh C
- Legembre P
- Legouis R
- Lehmann M
- Lei Hy
- Lei Qy
- Leib Da
- Leiro J
- Lemasters Jj
- Lemoine A
- Lesniak Ms
- Lev D
- Levenson Vv
- Levine B
- Levy E
- Li F
- Li Jl
- Li L
- Li S
- Li W
- Li Xj
- Li Yb
- Li Yp
- Liang C
- Liang Q
- Liao Yf
- Liberski Pp
- Lieberman A
- Lim Hj
- Lim K
- Lim Kl
- Lin Cf
- Lin Fc
- Lin J
- Lin Jd
- Lin K
- Lin Wc
- Lin Ww
- Lin Yl
- Linden R
- Lingor P
- Lippincott-Schwartz J
- Lisanti Mp
- Liton Pb
- Liu B
- Liu Cf
- Liu K
- Liu L
- Liu Qa
- Liu W
- Liu Y
- Liu Yc
- Lockshin Ra
- Lok Cn
- Lonial S
- Loos B
- Lopez-Berestein G
- Lossi L
- Lotze Mt
- Lu B
- Lu B
- Lu B
- Lu Z
- Luciano F
- Lukacs Nw
- Lund Ah
- Lynch-Day Ma
- M\ufcller S
- M\ufcnger K
- M\ufcnz C
- Ma Y
- Macian F
- MacKeigan Jp
- Macleod Kf
- Madeo F
- Maiuri L
- Maiuri Mc
- Malagoli D
- Malicdan Mc
- Malorni W
- Man N
- Mandelkow Em
- Manon S
- Manov I
- Mao K
- Mao X
- Mao Z
- Marambaud P
- Marazziti D
- Marcel Yl
- Marchbank K
- Marchetti P
- Marciniak Sj
- Marcondes M
- Mardi M
- Marfe G
- Mari\uf1o G
- Markaki M
- Marten Mr
- Martin Sj
- Martinand-Mari C
- Martinet W
- Martinez-Vicente M
- Masini M
- Matarrese P
- Matsuo S
- Matteoni R
- Mayer A
- Mazure Nm
- McConkey Dj
- McConnell Mj
- McDermott C
- McDonald C
- McInerney Gm
- McKenna Sl
- McLaughlin B
- McLean Pj
- McMaster Cr
- McQuibban Ga
- Meijer Aj
- Meisler Mh
- Mel\ue9ndez A
- Melia Tj
- Melino G
- Mena Ma
- Menendez Ja
- Menna-Barreto Rf
- Menon Mb
- Menzies Fm
- Mercer Ca
- Merighi A
- Merry De
- Meschini S
- Meyer Cg
- Meyer Tf
- Miao Cy
- Miao Jy
- Michels Pa
- Michiels C
- Mijaljica D
- Milojkovic A
- Minucci S
- Miracco C
- Miranti Ck
- Mitroulis I
- Miyazawa K
- Mizushima N
- Mograbi B
- Mohseni S
- Molero X
- Mollereau B
- Mollinedo F
- Momoi T
- Monastyrska I
- Monick Mm
- Monteiro Mj
- Moore Mn
- Mora R
- Moreau K
- Moreira Pi
- Moriyasu Y
- Moscat J
- Mostowy S
- Mottram Jc
- Motyl T
- Moussa Ce
- Muller S
- Murphy Lo
- Murphy Me
- Musar\uf2 A
- Mysorekar I
- N\ufcrnberger T
- Nagata E
- Nagata K
- Nahimana A
- Nair U
- Nakagawa T
- Nakahira K
- Nakano H
- Nakatogawa H
- Nanjundan M
- Naqvi Ni
- Narendra Dp
- Narita M
- Navarro M
- Nawrocki St
- Nazarko Ty
- Nemchenko A
- Netea Mg
- Neufeld Tp
- Ney Pa
- Nezis Ip
- Nguyen Hp
- Nie D
- Nishino I
- Nislow C
- Nixon Ra
- Noda T
- Noegel Aa
- Nogalska A
- Noguchi S
- Notterpek L
- Novak I
- Nozaki T
- Nukina N
- Nyfeler B
- Obara K
- Oberley Td
- Oddo S
- Ogawa M
- Ohashi T
- Okamoto K
- Oleinick Nl
- Oliver Fj
- Olsen Lj
- Olsson S
- Opota O
- Osborne Tf
- Ostrander Gk
- Otsu K
- Ou Jh
- Ouimet M
- Overholtzer M
- Ozpolat B
- P\uf6ggeler S
- Paganetti P
- Pagnini U
- Pallet N
- Palmer Ge
- Palumbo C
- Pan T
- Panaretakis T
- Pandey Ub
- Papackova Z
- Papassideri I
- Paris I
- Park J
- Park Ok
- Parys Jb
- Parzych Kr
- Patschan S
- Patterson C
- Pattingre S
- Pawelek Jm
- Peng J
- Perlmutter Dh
- Perrotta I
- Perry G
- Pervaiz S
- Peter M
- Peters Gj
- Petersen M
- Petrovski G
- Phang Jm
- Piacentini M
- Pierre P
- Pierrefite-Carle V
- Pierron G
- Pinkas-Kramarski R
- Piras A
- Piri N
- Platanias Lc
- Po\ufcs C
- Poirot M
- Poletti A
- Pozuelo-Rubio M
- Pr\ue6torius-Ibba M
- Prasad A
- Prescott M
- Priault M
- Produit-Zengaffinen N
- Progulske-Fox A
- Proikas-Cezanne T
- Przedborski S
- Przyklenk K
- Puertollano R
- Puyal J
- Qian Sb
- Qin L
- Qin Zh
- Quaggin Se
- R\ue9gnier-Vigouroux A
- Raben N
- Rabinowich H
- Rabkin Sw
- Rahman I
- Rami A
- Ramm G
- Randall G
- Randow F
- Rao Va
- Rathmell Jc
- Ravikumar B
- Ray Sk
- Reed Bh
- Reed Jc
- Reggiori F
- Reichert As
- Reiners JJ Jr
- Reiter Rj
- Ren J
- Revuelta Jl
- Rhodes Cj
- Ritis K
- Rizzo E
- Robbins J
- Roberge M
- Roca H
- Roccheri Mc
- Rocchi S
- Rodemann Hp
- Rodr\uedguez de C\uf3rdoba S
- Rohrer B
- Roninson Ib
- Rosen K
- Rost-Roszkowska Mm
- Rouis M
- Rouschop Km
- Rovetta F
- Rubin Bp
- Rubinsztein Dc
- Ruckdeschel K
- Rucker EB 3rd
- Rudich A
- Rudolf E
- Ruiz-Opazo N
- Russo R
- Rusten Te
- Ryan Km
- Ryter Sw
- S\ue1nchez-Alc\ue1zar Ja
- S\ue1nchez-Prieto R
- Sabatini Dm
- Sadoshima J
- Saha T
- Saitoh T
- Sakagami H
- Sakai Y
- Salekdeh Gh
- Salomoni P
- Salvaterra Pm
- Salvesen G
- Salvioli R
- Sanchez Am
- Sandri M
- Sankar U
- Sansanwal P
- Santambrogio L
- Saran S
- Sarkar S
- Sarwal M
- Sasakawa C
- Sasnauskiene A
- Sass M
- Sato K
- Sato M
- Sch\ue4tzl Hm
- Sch\ufcller C
- Schapira Ah
- Scharl M
- Scheper W
- Schiaffino S
- Schneider C
- Schneider Me
- Schneider-Stock R
- Schoenlein Pv
- Schorderet Df
- Schwartz Gk
- Scorrano L
- Sealy L
- Seglen Po
- Segura-Aguilar J
- Seiliez I
- Seleverstov O
- Sell C
- Seo Jb
- Separovic D
- Setaluri V
- Setoguchi T
- Settembre C
- Shacka Jj
- Shanmugam M
- Shapiro Im
- Shaulian E
- Shaw Rj
- Shelhamer Jh
- Shen Hm
- Shen Wc
- Sheng Zh
- Shi Y
- Shibuya K
- Shidoji Y
- Shieh Jj
- Shih Cm
- Shimada Y
- Shimizu S
- Shintani T
- Shirihai Os
- Shore Gc
- Sibirny Aa
- Sidhu Sb
- Sikorska B
- Silva-Zacarin E
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- Publication venue
- Publication date
- 01/01/2012
- Field of study
In 2008 we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy. Since then, research on this topic has continued to accelerate, and many new scientists have entered the field. Our knowledge base and relevant new technologies have also been expanding. Accordingly, it is important to update these guidelines for monitoring autophagy in different organisms. Various reviews have described the range of assays that have been used for this purpose. Nevertheless, there continues to be confusion regarding acceptable methods to measure autophagy, especially in multicellular eukaryotes. A key point that needs to be emphasized is that there is a difference between measurements that monitor the numbers or volume of autophagic elements (e.g., autophagosomes or autolysosomes) at any stage of the autophagic process vs. those that measure flux through the autophagy pathway (i.e., the complete process); thus, a block in macroautophagy that results in autophagosome accumulation needs to be differentiated from stimuli that result in increased autophagic activity, defined as increased autophagy induction coupled with increased delivery to, and degradation within, lysosomes (in most higher eukaryotes and some protists such as Dictyostelium) or the vacuole (in plants and fungi). In other words, it is especially important that investigators new to the field understand that the appearance of more autophagosomes does not necessarily equate with more autophagy. In fact, in many cases, autophagosomes accumulate because of a block in trafficking to lysosomes without a concomitant change in autophagosome biogenesis, whereas an increase in autolysosomes may reflect a reduction in degradative activity. Here, we present a set of guidelines for the selection and interpretation of methods for use by investigators who aim to examine macroautophagy and related processes, as well as for reviewers who need to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of papers that are focused on these processes. These guidelines are not meant to be a formulaic set of rules, because the appropriate assays depend in part on the question being asked and the system being used. In addition, we emphasize that no individual assay is guaranteed to be the most appropriate one in every situation, and we strongly recommend the use of multiple assays to monitor autophagy. In these guidelines, we consider these various methods of assessing autophagy and what information can, or cannot, be obtained from them. Finally, by discussing the merits and limits of particular autophagy assays, we hope to encourage technical innovation in the field
Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy
- Author
- Abdelhaq Rami
- Abhinav Diwan
- Abraham Acevedo-Arozena
- Adalberto Merighi
- Adi Kimchi
- Adrian L. Harris
- Agnieszka Sirko
- Ahlberg J
- Ai Yamamoto
- Aimable Nahimana
- Aimee L. Edinger
- Aimin Wang
- Akiko Iwasaki
- Akio Kihara
- Akitsugu Yamamoto
- Aksam EB
- Alan Cheng
- Albert R. La Spada
- Alberto Jiménez
- Alec C. Kimmelman
- Ales Gregorc
- Alessandro Fanzani
- Alexander J. Whitworth
- Alexandra N. Giatromanolaki
- Alexandru Almasan
- Alexei Degterev
- Alexei Terman
- Alfred J. Meijer
- Alicia Meléndez
- Alison Simmons
- Allan B. Caplan
- Allan Tsung
- Allen Kaasik
- Alvin J.X. Lee
- Amal O. Amer
- Amber N. Hale
- Ameeta Kelekar
- Amy A. Kiger
- Ana Brennand
- Ana Coto-Montes
- Ana Maria Cuervo
- Ana Milojkovic
- Anas Younes
- Anastasis Stephanou
- Anders H. Lund
- Andrea Ballabio
- Andreas Brech
- Andreas Mayer
- Andreas S. Reichert
- Andreas Wyttenbach
- Andrei L. Gartel
- Andrew J. Halayko
- Andrew Lieberman
- Andrew Thorburn
- Andriy A. Sibirny
- Andriy Nemchenko
- Angelika A. Noegel
- Angelo De Milito
- Angelo Poletti
- Anil K. Sood
- Anil Prasad
- Ann Progulske-Fox
- Anna Katharina Simon
- Anna M. Giammarioli
- Anna M. Krichevsky
- Anna Nogalska
- Anna S. Gukovskaya
- Anna-Mart Engelbrecht
- Anne Régnier-Vigouroux
- Anne Simonsen
- Annie M. Joubert
- Anthony H.V. Schapira
- Anthony M.J. Sanchez
- Antoinette Lemoine
- Antonio Musarò
- Antonio Piras
- Antonio Zorzano
- Anumantha G. Kanthasamy
- Arlette Darfeuille-Michaud
- Arthi Kanthasamy
- Ashok Kumar
- Assaf Rudich
- Atsuhiro Ichihara
- Atsuo Amano
- Attila L. Kovács
- Audrey Esclatine
- Augustine M.K. Choi
- Ausra Sasnauskiene
- Aviva M. Tolkovsky
- Baharia Mograbi
- Bakhos A. Tannous
- Barry Ganetzky
- Bassam Janji
- Beat C. Bornhauser
- Beat Nyfeler
- Beata Sikorska
- Behzad Yeganeh
- Ben A. Bahr
- Ben C.B. Ko
- Benjamin Dehay
- Benjamin Loos
- Berger B
- Bertrand Joseph
- Bertrand Mollereau
- Beth Levine
- BethAnn McLaughlin
- Biederbick A
- Binfeng Lu
- Bingren Hu
- Bingwei Lu
- Biolo G
- Birmingham CL
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- Björn Stork
- Bjørkøy G
- Bo Liu
- Bo Lu
- Boon-Huat Bay
- Boris Turk
- Boris Zhivotovsky
- Bradly G. Wouters
- Brian Herman
- Brian P. Rubin
- Brian Zuckerbraun
- Brigitte Galliot
- Brinda Ravikumar
- Brown CR
- Bruce A. Bamber
- Bruce H. Reed
- Bruno Calabretta
- Bryan Bellaire
- Bulent Ozpolat
- Byung-Wan Lee
- Bärbel Rohrer
- Bélanger M
- Cam Patterson
- Camilla Palumbo
- Camille Martinand-Mari
- Candelaria Gomez-Manzano
- Canhua Huang
- Cantino D
- Carine Michiels
- Carl G. Feng
- Carlos López-Otín
- Carlos S. Subauste
- Carmine Settembre
- Carol A. Mercer
- Carole Kretz-Remy
- Caroline A. Whitehouse
- Catherine McDermott
- Cathleen R. Carlin
- Cathy Tournier
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- Chan EY
- Chang Hwa Jung
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- Chanhee Kang
- Chao-Yu Miao
- Charbel E.-H. Moussa
- Charleen T. Chu
- Charles Grose
- Charles L. Edelstein
- Charles Swanton
- Chee-Yin Chai
- Chenghan Wu
- Chenguang Wang
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- Cheryl L. Walker
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- Clelia Miracco
- Clinton R. Bartholomew
- Colombo MI
- Cong-Zhao Zhou
- Congcong He
- Conrad C. Weihl
- Corey Nislow
- Cornelis A.M. de Haan
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- Cristiano Simone
- Cristina González-Estévez
- Cuervo AM
- Cécile Vindis
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- Da-zhi Xu
- Dagda RK
- Dalibor Mijaljica
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- Daniel J. Klionsky
- Daniel J. Ledbetter
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- Daniela Marazziti
- Dao-Cheng Wu
- Daolin Tang
- Daotai Nie
- Dave Bridges
- David A. Gewirtz
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- David C. Rubinsztein
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- David H. Perlmutter
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- Eskelinen E-L
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- Ewout J. Houwerzijl
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- Fabio C. Abdalla
- Fabrizio Condorelli
- Faith E. Davies
- Fan Wang
- Faqiang Li
- Farkas T
- Faustino Mollinedo
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- Fraser P. Coxon
- Fréderic Luciano
- Frédéric Bost
- Frédéric Gros
- Fu-Cheng Lin
- Fujii S
- Fukagawa NK
- Fulvio Reggiori
- Fumihiko Takeshita
- G. Angus McQuibban
- Gabriel Lopez-Berestein
- Gabriella Marfe
- Gail V.W. Johnson
- Galliot B
- Gang Min Hur
- Garber AJ
- Gary D. Grant
- Gary K. Ostrander
- Gary K. Schwartz
- Geert Bultynck
- Gengfu Xiao
- Genzou Takemura
- Georg Ramm
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- Gilbert Di Paolo
- Giorgio Casari
- Giovanna Elvira Granato
- Giulia Baldini
- Giuseppe Arancia
- Giusti C
- Glauco Tocchini-Valentini
- Glen E. Palmer
- Glenn Randall
- Godefridus J. Peters
- Goncu E
- Goran Petrovski
- Gordon C. Shore
- Gordon PB
- Gordon PB
- Gosai SJ
- Graham H. Coombs
- Graham S. Taylor
- Greet Van den Berghe
- Gregory A. Taylor
- Guan J
- Guang-Chao Chen
- Guanghui Wang
- Gudmundur V. Helgason
- Guido Kroemer
- Guillermo Díaz-Araya
- Guillermo Garcia-Manero
- Guillermo Mariño
- Guillermo Velasco
- Guo-Qiang Chen
- Gur P. Kaushal
- Gustavo Egea
- Guy Salvesen
- Gyesoon Yoon
- Gyun Min Lee
- György Szabadkai
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- Gábor Juhász
- Gérard Pierron
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- Hans-Uwe Simon
- Hany Khalil
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- Harm H. Kampinga
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- Heesun Cheong
- Heinrich Taegtmeyer
- Helmut Krämer
- Henri Batoko
- Henri Bernardi
- Henry N. Ginsberg
- Herbert J. Zeh III
- Hermann M. Schätzl
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- Hiromitsu Kanamori
- Hiroshi Aoki
- Hiroshi Koga
- Hiroshi Sakagami
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- Huizhou Fan
- Hutchins MU
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- Kay F. Macleod
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- Kenichi Shibuya
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- Khong Bee Kang
- Khosrow Adeli
- Kiichi Nakahira
- Kim A. Heidenreich
- Kim D. Finley
- Kim N. Green
- Kimura S
- Kinya Otsu
- Kirill Rosen
- Klaus Ruckdeschel
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- Klionsky DJ
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- Klionsky DJ
- Kohki Yoshimoto
- Koji Okamoto
- Komatsu M
- Kominami E
- Konstantinos Ritis
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- Kovács J
- Kozo Fujisaki
- Kozo Tanaka
- Krisztina Takács-Vellai
- Kui Lin
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- Kun-Liang Guan
- Kuninori Suzuki
- Kwang Il Kang
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- Laurent Le Cam
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- Leon O. Murphy
- Leonardo H. Travassos
- Leonidas C. Platanias
- Leonidas Stefanis
- Lester M. Davids
- Leticia A.M. Carneiro
- Levine B
- Leyuan Liu
- Li Yu
- Lian Li
- Liang Qin
- Liang Xu
- Lih-Shen Chin
- Lin Zhang
- Linda F. van Dyk
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- Linda Sealy
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- Lisa M. Ellerby
- Lixin Wei
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- Long Yu
- Long Zhang
- Long-Ping Wen
- Lorena Garcia
- Lori A. Hazelhurst
- Lorianne S. Turner
- Lorrie A. Kirshenbaum
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- Luca Benetti
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- Lucia Notterpek
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- Ludwig Eichinger
- Luigi Maiuri
- Luisa De Martino
- Lyamzaev KG
- Lynne J. Hocking
- László Fésüs
- Maciej S. Lesniak
- Madeleine Durbeej
- Magdalena M. Rost-Roszkowska
- Maho Hamasaki
- Makoto Hashimoto
- Mala Shanmugam
- Malene Hansen
- Malgorzata Gajewska
- Manoj B. Menon
- Manolis Fanto
- Mantong Zhao
- Marc Flajolet
- Marc Fransen
- Marc Germain
- Marc Poirot
- Marcela Votruba
- Marcello D'Amelio
- Marco Sandri
- Marco Tafani
- Marcus Fechheimer
- Maria A. Mena
- Maria Agnello
- Maria C. Roccheri
- Maria Chiara Maiuri
- Maria Condello
- Maria E. Figueiredo-Pereira
- Maria Francesca Aleo
- Maria Høyer-Hansen
- Maria I. Vaccaro
- Maria L. Florez-McClure
- Maria Markaki
- Maria R. Ciriolo
- Maria S. Soengas
- Maria T. Diaz-Meco
- Maria Teresa Viscomi
- Marianne J. Cronjé
- Marie-Josée Hébert
- Marina Jendrach
- Mario Di Gioacchino
- Mario P. Tschan
- Marion E. Schneider
- Marja Jäättelä
- Marjan Garmyn
- Marjolein van Egmond
- Mark E. Drew
- Mark J. Czaja
- Mark Prescott
- Mark R. Cookson
- Mark R. Marten
- Marlène Dreux
- Marta Izquierdo
- Marta Martinez-Vicente
- Martha M. Monick
- Martine Biard-Piechaczyk
- Martinet W
- Mary E. Choi
- María I. Colombo
- Masaaki Komatsu
- Masaru Harada
- Masashi Narita
- Masato Koike
- Massimo De Felici
- Mateus Marcondes
- Mathias Faure
- Mathias Gautel
- Matilde Masini
- Matthew E. Gegg
- Matthew L. Albert
- Matthias Gaestel
- Matthias Peter
- Maureen E. Murphy
- Mauro Piacentini
- May Christine V. Malicdan
- Maylin Almonte-Becerril
- Mee-Len Chye
- Meera Nanjundan
- Mehrdad Alirezaei
- Mei Wang
- Meiyan Jin
- Melanie J. McConnell
- Melinda A. Lynch-Day
- Meng-Chao Yao
- Mercedes Pozuelo-Rubio
- Mercer CA
- Mervyn J. Monteiro
- Meschini S
- Mette Prætorius-Ibba
- Michael Duszenko
- Michael I. Koukourakis
- Michael J. Clague
- Michael K. Hancock
- Michael L. Ginger
- Michael Lee
- Michael Lehmann
- Michael N. Moore
- Michael Overholtzer
- Michael P. Lisanti
- Michael S. Goligorsky
- Michael Scharl
- Michael T. Lotze
- Michael Thumm
- Michaël Boyer-Guittaut
- Michel A. Duchosal
- Michel Roberge
- Michelangelo Campanella
- Michele S. Swanson
- Michiaki Yamashita
- Michinaga Ogawa
- Michiorri S
- Michisuke Yuzaki
- Midori Umekawa
- Miep H. Helfrich
- Miguel Navarro
- Mihai G. Netea
- Mikel Garcia-Marcos
- Miklós Sass
- Miller BC
- Min Chen
- Ming Jiang
- Ming-Huang Hong
- Ming-Yong Zhang
- Minnie Sarwal
- Miquel Vila
- Mireille Ouimet
- Miriam H. Meisler
- Misuzu Baba
- Mitsuhiro Yanagida
- Mitsunori Fukuda
- Miyuki Sato
- Mizushima N
- Mohamed Elgendy
- Mohsen Mardi
- Mojgan Djavaheri-Mergny
- Molly L. Bristol
- Mondira Kundu
- Monika Cahová
- Mora R
- Moriyasu Y
- Morten Petersen
- Mortimore GE
- Motoni Kadowaki
- Motyl T
- Mpakou VE
- Munafó DB
- Munir A. Al-Zeer
- Muriel Priault
- Mustapha Rouis
- Myung-Shik Lee
- N. Tony Eissa
- Na Man
- Nadezda Apostolova
- Nadia Zaffaroni
- Nadine Camougrand
- Nana Y.O. Asare
- Nancy L. Oleinick
- Nancy Y. Ip
- Nathalie Andrieu-Abadie
- Nathalie M. Mazure
- Nathalie Produit-Zengaffinen
- Nathan R Brady
- Natik Piri
- Naweed I. Naqvi
- Nektarios Tavernarakis
- Nelson Ruiz-Opazo
- Nicholas J. Talbot
- Nicholas T. Ktistakis
- Nicholas W. Lukacs
- Nicola Brunetti-Pierri
- Nicola L. Jones
- Nicolas Pallet
- Nikolai V. Gorbunov
- Nina Raben
- Nixon RA
- Noboru Mizushima
- Nobuyuki Nukina
- Ogawa M
- Ohkmae K. Park
- Okatsu K
- Oleg Krut
- Oleksandr Seleverstov
- Olga V. Voitsekhovskaja
- Olga Zabirnyk
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- Ost A
- Ostenfeld MS
- Ouardia Ait-Mohamed
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- Paolo Salomoni
- Papadopoulos T
- Parco M. Siu
- Pascale Cossart
- Patrice Codogno
- Patricia Boya
- Patricia V. Schoenlein
- Patrick Auberger
- Patrick Brest
- Patrick J. Hussey
- Patrick Legembre
- Patrizia Agostinis
- Paul A. Ney
- Paul A.M. Michels
- Paul B. Fisher
- Paul Dent
- Paul Hofman
- Paul K. Herman
- Paul Lingor
- Paul M. Salvaterra
- Paul S. Brookes
- Paul Webster
- Paula I. Moreira
- Pawel P. Liberski
- Pedro A. Lazo
- Per O. Seglen
- Peter G.H. Clarke
- Peter K. Kim
- Peter Low
- Peter R. Williamson
- Peter Strålfors
- Peter V. Bozhkov
- Peter Vandenabeele
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- Philippe Gual
- Philippe Marambaud
- Philippe Pierre
- Piero Marchetti
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- Plomp PJ
- Po-Yuan Ke
- Poli A
- Poonam Sansanwal
- Pradipta Ghosh
- Pu Xia
- Qi-Wen Fan
- Qian Cai
- Qiangrong Liang
- Qili Feng
- Qing Jiang
- Qing Zhong
- Qiong A. Liu
- Qiuhong Duan
- Quan Chen
- Qun-Ying Lei
- Rafael Linden
- Raffaele Matteoni
- Raj Kumar
- Rajat Singh
- Ralph A. Nixon
- Ralph Feuer
- Ramnik J. Xavier
- Ramon Corbalan
- Ramon Gonzalez
- Rati Fotedar
- Ravi K. Amaravadi
- Raymond Chuen-Chung Chang
- Regine Schneider-Stock
- Rejko Krüger
- Renaud Legouis
- Reuben J. Shaw
- Ricardo Escalante
- Ricardo Sánchez-Prieto
- Richard A. Lockshin
- Richard C. Wang
- Richard D. Vierstra
- Richard J. Youle
- Richard Wade-Martins
- Rika Umemiya-Shirafuji
- Robert Baiocchi
- Robert C. Bast
- Robert Clarke
- Robert Layfield
- Robert S.B. Clark
- Robert T. Abraham
- Robert W. Gilkerson
- Roberta A. Gottlieb
- Roberta Castino
- Roberto Chiarelli
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- Rodney J. Devenish
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- Roger L. Albin
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- Rosa Puertollano
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- Rosario A. Caruso
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- Roza Kucharczyk
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- Sabah N.A. Hussain
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- Salem Chouaib
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- Salvatore Florio
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- Sandra K. Halonen
- Sandra M. Cardoso
- Sandro Goruppi
- Santiago Rodríguez de Córdoba
- Sara Cherry
- Sarah L. Waters
- Sasaki K
- Satoru Noguchi
- Saverio Minucci
- Savithramma P. Dinesh-Kumar
- Schork SM
- Scott J. Bultman
- Scott M. Welford
- Scott O. Zeitlin
- Seamus J. Martin
- Sean T. Sweeney
- Seglen PO
- Seglen PO
- Seong Who Kim
- Seong-Woon Yu
- Serena Carra
- Serge Mostowy
- Serge Przedborski
- Sergio Comincini
- Sergio Lavandero
- Sergio P. Bydlowski
- Seung-Yong Yoon
- Seungmin Hwang
- Shailendra Anoopkumar-Dukie
- Sharad Kumar
- Sharon A. Tooze
- Sharon Gorski
- Sharon L. McKenna
- Shazib Pervaiz
- Sheau-Huei Chueh
- Shelburne JD
- Sheng Li
- Shengbing Huang
- Shengkan V. Jin
- Shengyun Fang
- Shi Yu Yang
- Shi-Yong Sun
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- Shih-Hwa Chiou
- Shin-ichiro Hayashi
- Shirin Ilkhanizadeh
- Shizuo Akira
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- Shunhei Yamashina
- Shvets E
- Shweta Saran
- Shyamal D. Desai
- Simin Mohseni
- Simon R. Carding
- Simon W. Rabkin
- Simon Wilkinson
- Simone Engelender
- Slimane Ait-Si-Ali
- Sophie Pattingre
- Soraya S. Smaili
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- Sovan Sarkar
- Spencer B. Gibson
- Spruessel A
- Srinivasa M. Srinivasula
- Stan B. Sidhu
- Stefan E. Hardt
- Stefan J. Marciniak
- Stefan Olsson
- Stefan W. Ryter
- Stefania Meschini
- Stefanie Pöggeler
- Stefano Schiaffino
- Steffan T. Nawrocki
- Stephan T. Stern
- Stephane Rocchi
- Stephen A. Spector
- Stephen Doxsey
- Stephen Manon
- Steve S.-L. Chen
- Steven D. Harris
- Steven Finkbeiner
- Steven K. Backues
- Strømhaug PE
- Subramaniam Ganesh
- Sug Hyung Lee
- Suhendan Ekmekcioglu
- Suresh C. Tyagi
- Suresh K. Joseph
- Susan E. Quaggin
- Susann Patschan
- Susmita Kaushik
- Svetlana Dokudovskaya
- Swapan K. Ray
- Sylke Müller
- Sylviane Muller
- Sylvie M. Guichard
- Szeto J
- Sébastien Besteiro
- Taehoon Chun
- Tai-Ho Hung
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- Takao Setoguchi
- Takashi Momoi
- Takashi Ueno
- Takeshi Into
- Takeshi Noda
- Takeshi Tsubata
- Tallóczy Z
- Tamotsu Yoshimori
- Tapas Saha
- Taras Y. Nazarko
- Tassula Proikas-Cezanne
- Tatsuya Saitoh
- Taylor GS
- Ted R. Hupp
- Teresa Zoladek
- Terje Johansen
- Terry D. Oberley
- Tessa L. Holyoake
- Theocharis Panaretakis
- Thierry Soldati
- Thirumala-Devi Kanneganti
- Thomas F. Meyer
- Thomas Farkas
- Thomas G. Hofmann
- Thomas J. Begley
- Thomas J. Melia
- Thomas P. Neufeld
- Thomas R. Gawriluk
- Thomas W. Grunt
- Thorsten Nürnberger
- Tianhong Pan
- Tibor Vellai
- Timothy F. Osborne
- Timothy J. Kinsella
- Ting Han
- Ting-Fen Tsai
- Tino Kurz
- Tobias B. Huber
- Tom Wileman
- Tomasz Motyl
- Tomohiro Kabuta
- Tomohiro Yorimitsu
- Tomoki Chiba
- Tomotake Kanki
- Tomoyoshi Nozaki
- Tor Erik Rusten
- Toren Finkel
- Toshihiko Suzuki
- Toshiyuki Nakagawa
- Toya Ohashi
- Toyooka K
- Trond Lamark
- Tso-Pang Yao
- Tsung-Hsien Chuang
- Tuck Wah Soong
- Tuttle DL
- Tóth S
- Udai Bhan Pandey
- Ugo Pagnini
- Ulf T. Brunk
- Uma Sankar
- Usha Nair
- V. Ashutosh Rao
- Valentina Iovane
- Valerie Askanas
- Valérie Pierrefite-Carle
- Vassiliki Karantza
- Vellareddy Anantharam
- Venerando R
- Vergne I
- Victor Dosenko
- Victor V. Levenson
- Vijayasaradhi Setaluri
- Viktor I. Korolchuk
- Vinay Choubey
- Vincent Galy
- Vincenzo De Tata
- Virginia Espina
- Virginie Carmignac
- Vitaliy O. Kaminskyy
- Vivek K. Unni
- Vladimir Kirkin
- Vladimir P. Skulachev
- Vladimir Trajkovic
- Vojo Deretic
- Vojtech Skop
- vom Dahl S
- vom Dahl S
- von Haefen C
- Wafik S. El-Deiry
- Wai Haung Yu
- Walter Balduini
- Walter Malorni
- Walter T. Klimecki
- Wan-Wan Lin
- Wanda Buzgariu
- Wannian Yang
- Weber SM
- Webster P
- Weei-Chin Lin
- Wei Liu
- Wei Y
- Wei Yuan Yang
- Wei-Chiang Shen
- Wei-Guo Zhu
- Wei-Jia Kong
- Wei-Lien Yen
- Wei-Pang Huang
- Wei-Xing Zong
- Weidong Le
- Weijie Li
- Wen-Xing Ding
- WenLi Chen
- Wiep Scheper
- Wilfried Bursch
- William A. Weiss
- William K.K. Wu
- William T. Jackson
- Wim Martinet
- Wim P. Vandenberghe
- Winter G
- Wolfdieter Springer
- Won-Ki Huh
- Wouter G. van Doorn
- Xavier Molero
- Xi Chen
- Xiang Mao
- Xiang-Bo Wan
- Xianghua Yan
- Xiangmei Chen
- Xiao-Feng Zhu
- Xiao-Ming Yin
- Xiaolei Xu
- Xiaoning Bi
- Xiaoxiang Zheng
- Xiequn Chen
- Xinbing Sui
- Xinglong Wang
- Xiongwei Zhu
- Xiujie J. Wang
- Xu Dong Zhang
- Xue-Jun Li
- Xue-Yuan Bai
- Xuejun Jiang
- Xuejun Jiang
- Xueqin Song
- Ya Hua
- Yaichiro Kotake
- Yan Cheng
- Yan-Bo Li
- Yang Shi
- Yannick Bailly
- Yano K
- Yasuhiko Tomino
- Yasuo Uchiyama
- Yasuyoshi Sakai
- Ye-Guang Chen
- Yi Zhen Deng
- Yi-Fang Zhao
- Yi-Ling Lin
- Yi-Ping Li
- Ying Zhao
- Ying-Jan Wang
- Yingyu Chen
- Yipeng Wang
- Yohta Shimada
- Yokota S
- Yong Ma
- Yong-Joon Chwae
- Yong-Keun Jung
- Yong-Sun Kim
- Yonghyun Kim
- Yongqi Fang
- Yongqiang Chen
- Yoon-A Kang
- Yoshiaki Kamada
- Yoshihiro Shidoji
- Yoshimori T
- Yoshimura K
- Yoshinori Kawazoe
- Yoshitaka Isaka
- Yoshitaka Takano
- Yotaro Izumi
- You-Wen He
- Youji Feng
- Young Ho Koh
- Young-Chau Liu
- Yu-Jen Chen
- Yuan Tian
- Yuangang Zhu
- Yuji Moriyasu
- Yuko Yoshikawa
- Yule Liu
- Yung-Feng Liao
- Yves L. Marcel
- Zahra Zakeri
- Zelda H. Cheung
- Zhang H
- Zhen Fan
- Zhen Lu
- Zhen-Bo Wang
- Zheng Dong
- Zheng-Hong Qin
- Zhenyu Yue
- Zhi-Jun Sun
- Zhi-Min Yuan
- Zhifen Yang
- Zhigang Charles Wang
- Zhijun Xi
- Zhinong Wang
- Zhiping Xie
- Zhixiang Chen
- Zhizhuang J. Zhao
- Zhonglin Xie
- Zhou G
- Zhu H
- Zixu Mao
- Zu-Hang Sheng
- Zuzana Papackova
- Zvulun Elazar
- Åsa B. Gustafsson
- Øverbye A
- Publication venue
- 'Informa UK Limited'
- Publication date
- 01/01/2012
- Field of study
In 2008 we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy. Since then, research on this topic has continued to accelerate, and many new scientists have entered the field. Our knowledge base and relevant new technologies have also been expanding. Accordingly, it is important to update these guidelines for monitoring autophagy in different organisms. Various reviews have described the range of assays that have been used for this purpose. Nevertheless, there continues to be confusion regarding acceptable methods to measure autophagy, especially in multicellular eukaryotes. A key point that needs to be emphasized is that there is a difference between measurements that monitor the numbers or volume of autophagic elements (e.g., autophagosomes or autolysosomes) at any stage of the autophagic process vs. those that measure flux through the autophagy pathway (i.e., the complete process); thus, a block in macroautophagy that results in autophagosome accumulation needs to be differentiated from stimuli that result in increased autophagic activity, defined as increased autophagy induction coupled with increased delivery to, and degradation within, lysosomes (in most higher eukaryotes and some protists such as Dictyostelium) or the vacuole (in plants and fungi). In other words, it is especially important that investigators new to the field understand that the appearance of more autophagosomes does not necessarily equate with more autophagy. In fact, in many cases, autophagosomes accumulate because of a block in trafficking to lysosomes without a concomitant change in autophagosome biogenesis, whereas an increase in autolysosomes may reflect a reduction in degradative activity. Here, we present a set of guidelines for the selection and interpretation of methods for use by investigators who aim to examine macroautophagy and related processes, as well as for reviewers who need to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of papers that are focused on these processes. These guidelines are not meant to be a formulaic set of rules, because the appropriate assays depend in part on the question being asked and the system being used. In addition, we emphasize that no individual assay is guaranteed to be the most appropriate one in every situation, and we strongly recommend the use of multiple assays to monitor autophagy. In these guidelines, we consider these various methods of assessing autophagy and what information can, or cannot, be obtained from them. Finally, by discussing the merits and limits of particular autophagy assays, we hope to encourage technical innovation in the field
Neuroinflammation in Parkinson’s Disease Animal Models: A Cell Stress Response or a Step in Neurodegeneration?
- Author
- A Abeliovich
- A Castaño
- A Castaño
- A Członkowska
- A Eslamboli
- A Gardet
- A Ghosh
- A Gupta
- A Harkavyi
- A Machado
- A Roy
- A Schober
- A Ulusoy
- A Zimprich
- AB Manning-Bog
- AB Singleton
- AD Reynolds
- AL Wang
- AM Cuervo
- AS Harms
- AS Harms
- AS Perumal
- AT Goes
- B Engelhardt
- B Franzén
- B Kim
- B Klementiev
- B Park
- B Thomas
- B Wachter
- BD Jung
- BD Lee
- BI Giasson
- BR Ransom
- C Barcia
- C Cebrián
- C Paisán-Ruíz
- CB Lücking
- CJ Barnum
- CJ Pycock
- CR Swanson
- D Kirik
- D Kirik
- D Sulzer
- DA Gayle
- DB Hancock
- DB Hoban
- DG Healy
- DL Fortin
- DM Bronstein
- DR Graham
- DY Choi
- E Esposito
- E Greggio
- E Grünblatt
- E Masliah
- E Oestreicher
- E Rockenstein
- E Thornton
- EA Mazzio
- EC Hirsch
- EL Unger
- EM Valente
- EN Mangano
- EV Mosharov
- F Blandini
- F Cicchetti
- F Cicchetti
- F Cicchetti
- F Fang
- F Fulceri
- F Gillardon
- F Kamel
- F L’Episcopo
- F L’Episcopo
- F Zhou
- F Zhou
- FA Perez
- G Ambrosi
- G Dutta
- G Kunikowska
- GC Davis
- GP Selvakumar
- H Akiyama
- H Braak
- H González
- H Klintworth
- H Matsui
- H Miake
- H Wilms
- H Zhou
- H Zhou
- HF Poon
- HH Hoepken
- HH Liou
- HJ Lee
- HJ Lee
- HM Gao
- HM Gao
- HM Gao
- HM Gao
- HS Ko
- I Kurkowska-Jastrzebska
- I Miklya
- IE Clark
- IJ Kopin
- J Bobyn
- J Bové
- J Dusonchet
- J Henry
- J Jankovic
- J Liu
- J Liu
- JA McClain
- JA Potashkin
- JB Koprich
- JC Paterna
- JC Rochet
- JC Tobón-Velasco
- JH Shin
- JJ Gao
- JJ Zarranz
- JK Lee
- JK Olson
- JL Guo
- JM Itier
- JM Taylor
- JW Langston
- K Rezai-Zadeh
- K Sekiyama
- K Shimizu
- K Sriram
- K Tredici Del
- KA Conway
- KA Conway
- KC Luk
- KC Luk
- KE Larsen
- KL Emmer
- KM Hinkle
- KM Sindhu
- KU Tufekci
- KU Tufekci
- KW Lee
- L Correia Guedes
- L Marinova-Mutafchieva
- L Qin
- LA Volpicelli-Daley
- LC Johnston
- LJ Martin
- LM Collins
- M Baldereschi
- M Bungeroth
- M Deleidi
- M Kasten
- M Li
- M Liu
- M Masuda-Suzukake
- M Meira Santos Lima de
- M Mogi
- M Sadeghian
- M Salama
- M Shimoji
- M Tomás-Camardiel
- M Vázquez-Claverie
- MA Mena
- MB Watson
- MC Hernández-Romero
- MC Pott Godoy
- MF Chesselet
- MG Purisai
- MG Spillantini
- MG Tansey
- MH Polymeropoulos
- MJ Casarejos
- MK Lee
- MK McCoy
- MK McCoy
- MM Iravani
- MM Pabon
- MP Mount
- MR Hennis
- MS Goldberg
- MS Moehle
- MT Armentero
- N Dzamko
- N Hattori
- NJ Riachi
- O Corti
- OA Ross
- P Barkholt
- P Damier
- P Danoy
- P Mulcahy
- PJ Kahle
- PL McGeer
- PL McGeer
- PL McGeer
- PM Carvey
- Q Wang
- R Betarbet
- R Coelln von
- R Coelln Von
- R Kortekaas
- R Krüger
- R Sánchez-Pernaute
- RE Drolet
- RG Staal
- RL Hunter
- RM Miller
- RM Pablos De
- RM Ransohoff
- RM Solano
- S Biskup
- S George
- S Gispert
- S Janezic
- S Mitra
- S Tanaka
- S Theodore
- S Yadav
- S Zhang
- SB Shaikh
- SE Gombash
- SJ Na
- SJ Orenstein
- SM Fleming
- SP Gupta
- SR Pierre
- SY Wu
- T Gomez-Isla
- T Kitada
- T Kitada
- T Maekawa
- T Nagatsu
- T Ohnuki
- TA Nguyen
- TA Tran
- TB Sherer
- TB Sherer
- TB Sherer
- TC Frank-Cannon
- TC Frank-Cannon
- TM Dawson
- V Brochard
- V Gomide
- V Sanchez-Guajardo
- V Sanchez-Guajardo
- V Sanchez-Guajardo
- VG Desai
- VM Nemani
- W Dauer
- W Zhang
- X Li
- X Li
- X Lin
- X Su
- XJ Wang
- Y Couch
- Y Geng
- Y Glinka
- Y He
- Y Yasuda
- YC Chung
- Z Bichler
- Z Li
- Z Yu
- Z Zhang
- ZD Ling
- ZJ Zhang
- Publication venue
- 'Springer Science and Business Media LLC'
- Publication date
- Field of study
Mortality after surgery in Europe: a 7 day cohort study
- Author
- Aakeroey K
- Acan I
- Adams D
- Adams T
- Adanic M
- Adolfsson A
- Afonso O
- Afshari A
- Agarwal B
- Agnic I
- Aguado DN
- Ahern R
- Ahonen T
- Aignatoaie M
- Akotia N
- Akouds E
- Al Abdaly A
- Al Subaie N
- Alagarsamy F
- Alameda LE
- Alaspää A
- Albalad DD
- Albaladejo P
- Albante A
- Alberdi F
- Albu C
- Alcaide CM
- Alcantud JF
- Aldecoa C
- Aldecoa C
- Alderson L
- Aleixandre IS
- Aleksic D
- Aleman M
- Alexander D
- Alexander P
- Algarra RR
- Ali ZS
- Aliste P
- Allué RM
- Almeida E
- Almeida IM
- Almeras L
- Alonso AE
- Alonso E
- Alvarez AA
- Alvarez LR
- Amaniti E
- Amatya S
- Ampuero MS
- Anchuelo AH
- Andabaka T
- Andersen JD
- Anderson H
- Andresen B
- Angulo GO
- Anna US
- Anthopoulos G
- Antolinos MA
- Apsokardos A
- Aracil N
- Aranzubia M
- Arawwawala D
- Arcas JJ
- Arevalo J
- Argente GR
- Arif F
- Armaganidis A
- Armaganidis A
- Arnaoutoglou E
- Arnold G
- Arocas B
- Arpino I
- Arroyo MM
- Arteta DA
- Artigas A
- Artigas X
- Arvaniti K
- Arviza LP
- Asensio MA
- Assunção JP
- Aubrun F
- Auer P
- Austine P
- Aversano M
- Awlakpui E
- Axelsson P
- Ayman M
- Baban O
- Bacak Kocman I
- Bacci A
- Baciu M
- Baddeley S
- Bailey K
- Baker A
- Baker J
- Bakosova E
- Balaji P
- Balasa C
- Balciscueta G
- Balenovic I
- Ball C
- Ballington R
- Balust C
- Balust J
- Bandic D
- Baraldi S
- Baranovic S
- Barber R
- Barbes A
- Baricocchi E
- Barižon M
- Baroselli A
- Barr K
- Barrachima BB
- Barrasa H
- Barrios F
- Barrios J
- Barros F
- Barros N
- Barthel F
- Bartolomé MJ
- Bataillard A
- Batchelor N
- Bates D
- Batinica IM
- Battistella M
- Bauer P
- Bauer W
- Bauer ZŠ
- Baumgarten R
- Baxter I
- Bazin M
- Beach M
- Becanne X
- Beck O
- Beckingsale A
- Bekos V
- Belavic M
- Belcher A
- Belciu I
- Belenguer Muncharaz A
- Belhaj A
- Belikova B
- Bellotti F
- Belvert BQ
- Benayoun L
- Bento HC
- Bento L
- Bergamini E
- Berger K
- Berger P
- Bergin A
- Bermejo FJ
- Bernal DG
- Bernat Álvarez MJ
- Berneanu M
- Berntsen S
- Bestle M
- Betancor NO
- Bettelli G
- Bewley J
- Bešlic G
- Bhaskaran S
- Bianchin A
- Bicek V
- Bidd H
- Bierbaum K
- Bigeon JY
- Bignami E
- Bille AB
- Bingold F
- Bis B
- Biston P
- Björne H
- Black E
- Blaj M
- Blanco IA
- Bland M
- Blauwen Nd
- Blažanin B
- Blichfeldt L
- Bloos F
- Blunt M
- Blöndal Á
- Bobinac M
- Bodega BM
- Boerma C
- Boerma C
- Bogdan P
- Boksasp OD
- Bolger C
- Bona F
- Bonet A
- Boninsegna D
- Bonnet A
- Bonnet F
- Bonnett A
- Bonnington S
- Bonnländer G
- Borchers F
- Bordeianu C
- Borja MM
- Borovsak Z
- Borrat X
- Bosinceanu D
- Botas C
- Botelho MM
- Bottrill F
- Boufidis S
- Bougeard AM
- Bourdet B
- Bouw M
- Bowles T
- Bozilow D
- Bozovic MD
- Bošnjak S
- Božic A
- Brabcová M
- Bratanic M
- Brattström O
- Braun R
- Braune A
- Brazzoni M
- Bredtmann RD
- Bresciani A
- Brestrich H
- Bright E
- Brko R
- Brod S
- Broderick A
- Brohan J
- Brotherston L
- Brouwer T
- Brown JD
- Brown L
- Brozovic G
- Bruce J
- Bruno G
- Brunori E
- Bráz K
- Brünner H
- Bucci B
- Buettner C
- Buhre W
- Bulasevic A
- Bullock L
- Bulnes ML
- Burcio SM
- Burgard G
- Burtenshaw A
- Burtin P
- Buss J
- Buttazzoni M
- Buttera S
- Bártolo A
- Béclère A
- Caballero J
- Cabanes S
- Cacho E
- Cadrigati A
- Calderón R
- Calin M
- Callaghan M
- Calligaro P
- Calton E
- Calvo CP
- Camara M
- Campbell G
- Campos AG
- Canalechevarria AM
- Candi GM
- Cantarini E
- Capel YJ
- Capková J
- Capone M
- Capuzzo M
- Carballal FF
- Carballo CL
- Carbone L
- Carmino L
- Carrasco VG
- Carretero MJ
- Cartlidge D
- Carvalho A
- Carvalho M
- Carvalho P
- Casanova AC
- Cashman J
- Castellani G
- Castiñeiras AP
- Castrillón S
- Castro Mde L
- Castro MR
- Castro NM
- Catalán M
- Cecconi M
- Centonze C
- Cerdeiriña AP
- Cerny V
- Cerutti E
- Cervantes AC
- Cervera Montes M
- Chan P
- Chandan G
- Chang S
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- Chaudhry S
- Checa AA
- Cherfaoui S
- Chew M
- Chhatwal A
- Chiam P
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- Childs S
- Chohan H
- Choma R
- Choutas G
- Chovas A
- Christ S
- Christie I
- Christopoulos C
- Cimadevilla B
- Ciobanu A
- Cirillo V
- Ciubotaru R
- Clanchet M
- Clarke A
- Clausen NG
- Clauwaert C
- Claxton A
- Clouva Molyvdas PM
- Cocu S
- Codreanu M
- Collantes E
- Collard E
- Collareta M
- Collates AF
- Collin V
- Collins D
- Collins H
- Collyer T
- Concostrina Mde L
- Conway D
- Copley E
- Copotoiu R
- Copotoiu SM
- Coppini R
- Corneci D
- Corner V
- Corradetti F
- Correia C
- Corsini LM
- Cortes JG
- Cortés AF
- Costagliola R
- Couper K
- Cowman S
- Craig J
- Craker L
- Crayford A
- Cremades M
- Crespo BI
- Crespo Mdel R
- Crespo P
- Cristina MV
- Crooks N
- Crowley S
- Csomos A
- Csüllög E
- Cuarental A
- Cubillos DN
- Cupitt J
- Currie V
- Cvachovec K
- Czeslick E
- Cíková A
- Dabnell S
- Dahm P
- Damian M
- Damjanovska M
- Damster S
- Danira V
- Das D
- Datta A
- Davies S
- Davis L
- Dawson J
- Dawson J
- Day C
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- de Almeida J
- De Crop L
- De Decker K
- de Freitas P
- De Kock M
- de la Guía CL
- de la Lastra M
- de la Torre PA
- de Maeyer AG
- de Meneses H
- De Michele M
- De Neve N
- de Prat IC
- de Quevedo SA
- de Rabago RB
- De Rudnicki S
- De Simone M
- de Sousa AC
- de Sousa M
- De Wit E
- de Zayas RS
- Debelic D
- Debernardi F
- Del Olmo M
- Delgado FC
- Delgado HG
- Delgado TR
- Delic N
- Dell'unto S
- DELLA CORTE Francesco
- Della Rocca G
- Della Rocca G
- Demars N
- Dempsey G
- Denciu CI
- Dennesen P
- Derumeaux P
- Desbordes J
- Desikan S
- Deutsch PA
- Di Mauro P
- Di Noto A
- Diaconescu C
- Diaz A
- Diaz Boladeras RM
- Diaz DS
- Dickson C
- Dieleman S
- Dimitropoulos K
- Dinescu SA
- Dinu M
- Dittmann J
- Divander MB
- Divjak L
- Djordjevic B
- Djordjevic D
- Djurdjevic M
- Dokka V
- Domínguez D
- Doyle P
- Doyle Y
- Drab M
- Dragoumanis C
- Dragulescu D
- Dražen B
- Drenjancevic IH
- Drescher J
- Dresden C
- Dropulic N
- Druwé P
- Dubois Vallaud D
- Dufur M
- Duggan M
- Dumenil AS
- Dunne K
- Duque P
- Durán MV
- Duzel V
- Dušanka K
- Dyer S
- Dzepina O
- Díaz JJ
- Díaz TD
- Díez EP
- Earnshaw G
- Eberitsch J
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- Eichenauer T
- Eigener K
- Ekins E
- Elekes E
- Elisei D
- Ellahee P
- Ellermaa J
- ElMiloudi F
- Elomaa E
- Elson MZ
- Elvira MA
- Elósegui I
- Engelen WC
- Epure F
- Ercole A
- Erkens U
- Erler I
- Ernst S
- Espinosa E
- Espinosa N
- Esteruelas JA
- Esteva GE
- Esteves F
- Estilita J
- Estruch NM
- Etayo BZ
- Evagelatos S
- Everett L
- Fabris LK
- Fagnoul D
- Fahmy N
- Falk I
- Faria F
- Faria M
- Farnia A
- Featherstone J
- Feld F
- Felipe UL
- Fergen D
- Ferguson C
- Fernandez AS
- Fernandez LM
- Fernandez RF
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- Fernández CI
- Fernández LF
- Fernández PT
- Fernández SR
- Ferrandiz ST
- Ferreira P
- Ferrer MB
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- Ferré F
- Filipovic IG
- Finch L
- Fiorentino S
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- Fornells AL
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- França C
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- Freeman D
- Freir N
- Frenzel D
- Freundlich M
- Friederich P
- Frkovic V
- Frohlich S
- Fucecchio I
- Fumagalli R
- Fusari M
- Fuster ML
- Futier E
- Futier E
- Gabriela D
- Galambos Z
- Galera ET
- Galkova K
- Galla A
- Gallagher H
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- Gandolfi A
- Gao Smith F
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- Garcia M
- García AP
- García EM
- García J
- García MS
- García MÁ
- García OM
- García PD
- García RF
- García RO
- García Sanz M
- García V
- García VF
- Garde PM
- Gardin C
- Garrido CJ
- Garrigues PB
- Garrote BH
- Gatta A
- Gattari D
- Gauzit R
- Gavra L
- Gavranovic Ž
- Gazibegovic N
- Gazon M
- Gazzanelli S
- Gaál E
- Gašpic TK
- Gebhardtova A
- Geier K
- Geisen M
- Genoveva V
- Georges P
- Gerjevic B
- Geyer M
- Ghelfi S
- Giacoletto G
- Giampieri M
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- Glória C
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- Golubovska I
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- Gonnu S
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- González AM
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- Gonçalves MI
- Goon S
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- Gordon Bde L
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- Gousia C
- Gouveia Pinheiro CM
- Grabowski P
- Gracia I
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- Grayling M
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- Gritsi Gerogianni N
- Grochova M
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- Grosu I
- Grujic K
- Grujic R
- Grynyuk A
- Guarnerio C
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- Herrera E
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- Iglesias AU
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- Illa S
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- India I
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- Ioana G
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- Kasianidou MF
- Kasperiunaite R
- Katica R
- Katona Z
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- Martín EE
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- Ålvarez JT
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- Publication venue
- 'Elsevier BV'
- Publication date
- 01/01/2012
- Field of study
Background: Clinical outcomes after major surgery are poorly described at the national level. Evidence of heterogeneity between hospitals and health-care systems suggests potential to improve care for patients but this potential remains unconfirmed. The European Surgical Outcomes Study was an international study designed to assess outcomes after non-cardiac surgery in Europe.Methods: We did this 7 day cohort study between April 4 and April 11, 2011. We collected data describing consecutive patients aged 16 years and older undergoing inpatient non-cardiac surgery in 498 hospitals across 28 European nations. Patients were followed up for a maximum of 60 days. The primary endpoint was in-hospital mortality. Secondary outcome measures were duration of hospital stay and admission to critical care. We used χ² and Fisher’s exact tests to compare categorical variables and the t test or the Mann-Whitney U test to compare continuous variables. Significance was set at p<0·05. We constructed multilevel logistic regression models to adjust for the differences in mortality rates between countries.Findings: We included 46 539 patients, of whom 1855 (4%) died before hospital discharge. 3599 (8%) patients were admitted to critical care after surgery with a median length of stay of 1·2 days (IQR 0·9–3·6). 1358 (73%) patients who died were not admitted to critical care at any stage after surgery. Crude mortality rates varied widely between countries (from 1·2% [95% CI 0·0–3·0] for Iceland to 21·5% [16·9–26·2] for Latvia). After adjustment for confounding variables, important differences remained between countries when compared with the UK, the country with the largest dataset (OR range from 0·44 [95% CI 0·19 1·05; p=0·06] for Finland to 6·92 [2·37–20·27; p=0·0004] for Poland).Interpretation: The mortality rate for patients undergoing inpatient non-cardiac surgery was higher than anticipated. Variations in mortality between countries suggest the need for national and international strategies to improve care for this group of patients.Funding: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine, European Society of Anaesthesiology
Mortality after surgery in Europe: a 7 day cohort study.
- Author
- \u160akic K
- \u160aric JP
- \u160eric J
- \u160imic-Korac N
- \u160imurina T
- \u160ribar A
- \u17dilic A
- \u17dilinc\ue1rov\ue1 V
- \u17duni J
- \u17dupcic M
- \uc1lvaro JL
- \uc5lvarez JT
- \ucd\uf1igo JA
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- Sieiro JM
- Sigurbj\uf6rnsson FT
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- Silva L
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- Silvestre FP
- Silvius N
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- Unterberg M
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- Utrera FA
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- Van Mossevelde V
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- Viskovic N
- Vitor P
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- von Heymann C
- Voulas A
- Vrankovic S
- Vrbanovic V
- Vrettou E
- Vymazal T
- Wadams B
- Wagner B
- Wagner J
- Waife N
- Walder B
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- Wernerman J
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- Westbrook A
- Westbrook A
- Weyland A
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- Wiegand-L\uf6hnert C
- Wiese O
- Wigmore T
- Wilde J
- Willars C
- Williams C
- Williams M
- Wilson J
- Wilson R
- Wilson S
- Windsor D
- Winsser L
- Wintzheimer S
- Wittmann M
- Wollaston J
- Wong K
- Wong P
- Woolhead A
- Worton R
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- Wyldbore M
- Yemnga B
- Yepes MJ
- Yeung J
- Ytrebo LM
- Zaballos J
- Zabarte M
- Zacharouli D
- Zacharovska A
- Zadrazilova K
- Zafiridis T
- Zahorec R
- Zahorec R
- Zaldibar E
- Zamora JF
- Zandvliet R
- Zantua K
- Zearo E
- Zeba S
- Ziekenhuis A
- Zittling R
- Zocca E
- Zoltowski MK
- Zompanti V
- Zsisku L
- Zunic F
- Zuzan O
- Publication venue
- Publication date
- 01/01/2012
- Field of study
Neurotoxin Mechanisms and Processes Relevant to Parkinson’s Disease: An Update
- Author
- A Anandhan
- A Anandhan
- A Arriagada
- A Giménez-Cassina
- A Kupsch
- A Muroyama
- A Napolitano
- A Padiglia
- A Pisanu
- A Ramirez
- A Rescigno
- A Shukla
- A Tolosa
- A Toulouse
- A Williams
- A Williams
- A Zhai
- AI Bernstein
- AM Cuervo
- AR Carta
- AS Aguiar Jr
- AS Aguiar Jr
- AS Ahmad
- B Costall
- B Dipasquale
- B Li
- B Spittau
- B Villar-Cheda
- BC Jones
- BC Jones
- BE Fisher
- BP Jiang
- C Deng
- C Deng
- C Du
- C Laloux
- C Lv
- C Noelker
- C Nopparat
- CG Moreira
- CJ Yong-Kee
- CJ Yong-Kee
- CK Hwang
- CL Lao
- CR Swanson
- CY Chang
- D Dibenedetto
- D Ebrahimi-Fakhari
- D Jantas
- D Jantas
- D Li
- D Monte Di
- DA Monte Di
- DC Tse
- DD Lofrumento
- DD Wu
- DE Dluzen
- DI Shin
- DN Hauser
- DN Hauser
- DP Xu
- DW Li
- DW Luchtman
- DY Lu
- E Carrasco
- E Carrasco
- E Lin
- E Melamed
- ECh Wolters
- EG Lundius
- EH Norris
- EM Valente
- EY Lee
- EY Wu
- F Nicoletti
- F Wu
- F Yi
- FH Sterky
- FM Lopes
- FS Tristão
- G Filomeni
- G Hacioglu
- G Modi
- G Park
- G Tovilovic
- G Zhu
- GC Kost
- H Braak
- H Gao
- H Hara
- H Hongo
- H Kadar
- H Mochizuki
- H Thoenen
- H Wang
- H Zhou
- HG Kim
- HJ Park
- HL Gao
- HL Martin
- HL Martin
- HM Wang
- I Paris
- I Paris
- IH Philippens
- J Bournival
- J Chen
- J Iglesias-González
- J Kachergus
- J Lozano
- J Pyszko
- J Segura-Aguilar
- J Segura-Aguilar
- J Segura-Aguilar
- J Segura-Aguilar
- J Yan
- JA Javitch
- JA Javitch
- JC Tobón-Velasco
- JF Marshall
- JH Pyo
- JH Zhu
- JK Barbiero
- JK Barbiero
- JK Youn
- JL Weetman
- JM Itier
- JM Taylor
- JR Cannon
- Juan Segura-Aguilar
- JV Emmrich
- JW Chambers
- JW Langston
- JX Song
- JY Ha
- K Arsikin
- K Berger
- K Chiba
- K Chiba
- K Gołembiowska
- K Gołembiowska
- K Gunjima
- K Hanrott
- K Liu
- K McFarland
- K Muthukumaran
- K Radad
- K Saitoh
- K Sathe
- K Tamilselvam
- KM Gerecke
- KN Westlund
- KP Kuruvilla
- KS Zafar
- KW Lee
- L Antkiewicz-Michaluk
- L Arodin
- L Durgadoss
- L Gong
- L Pasquali
- L Teng
- L Wang
- L Wei
- L Wiemerslage
- L Wu
- L Wu
- L Xie
- L Xu
- L Zecca
- L Zhang
- LH Sanders
- LL Tian
- LV Kalia
- M Benskey
- M Bisaglia
- M Bourque
- M Castro-Caldas
- M Gomez-Lazaro
- M Lu
- M Martinez-Vicente
- M Shah
- M Sikorska
- M Sonia Angeline
- M Sonia Angeline
- M Villa
- MB Wong
- ME Haque
- ME Solesio
- MF Galindo
- MH Polymeropoulos
- MJ LaVoie
- MM Khan
- MM Khan
- MM Khan
- MM Khan
- MY Patel
- N Abbas
- N Exner
- N Hattori
- N Simola
- NA Kaidery
- NJ Riachi
- NR Ferreira
- P Aguirre
- P Dewapriya
- P Fuentes
- P Garrido-Gil
- P Mulcahy
- P Muñoz
- P Muñoz
- P Muñoz
- P Shrivastava
- P Thakur
- P Thakur
- PA Ballard
- PG Mastroberardino
- PS Verhave
- PT Redman
- Q Ye
- Q Ye
- Q Ye
- Q Zhu
- R Betarbet
- R Bisht
- R Brus
- R Hashimoto
- R Moreno-Sánchez
- R Pal
- R Soto-Otero
- R St Laurent
- R Wang
- R Xiong
- RD Hwang
- RD Prediger
- RE Whitehead
- Richard M. Kostrzewa
- RM Kostrzewa
- RM Kostrzewa
- RM Kostrzewa
- RM Kostrzewa
- RP Ojha
- S Condello
- S Giordano
- S Huenchuguala
- S Lei
- S Mullin
- S Murakami
- S Przedborski
- S Santra
- S Sathiya
- S Swarnkar
- S Swarnkar
- S Walsh
- S Wolfgang
- S Zhang
- SH Kwon
- SH Kwon
- SH Kwon
- SJ Chinta
- SJ Chinta
- SJ Mullett
- SK Madathil
- SM Kulich
- SP Cardenas
- SP Patil
- SP Patil
- SR Pandi-Perumal
- ST Papadeas
- T Archer
- T Archer
- T Chen
- T Dal-Cim
- T Denton
- T Obata
- T Sai
- T Zaminelli
- TA Kamalden
- TK Lin
- TK Lin
- TL Dai
- TP Williamson
- TT Rohn
- TW Kim
- TY Siow
- U Ungerstedt
- V Bonifati
- V Bonifati
- VA Yürekli
- VH Knaryan
- VS Laar Van
- W Cui
- W Cui
- WA Toy
- WM Zawada
- WS Choi
- X Jing
- X Li
- X Liu
- X Sun
- X Xu
- X Yu
- XH Han
- XQ Tang
- Y Chen
- Y Dun
- Y Fan
- Y Glinka
- Y Glinka
- Y Hong
- Y Huang
- Y Kim
- Y Kurauchi
- Y Liu
- Y Liu
- Y Mizuno
- Y Sai
- Y Tasaki
- Y Xu
- Y Xu
- YC Chung
- YC Lo
- YH Sung
- YH Wang
- YM Oh
- YN Deng
- YQ Xu
- YW Yap
- Z Qualls
- ZD Zhou
- Publication venue
- 'Springer Science and Business Media LLC'
- Publication date
- Field of study
Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy
- Author
- Abdalla FC
- Abeliovich H
- Abraham RT
- Acevedo-Arozena A
- Adeli K
- Agholme L
- Agnello M
- Agostinis P
- Aguirre-Ghiso JA
- Ahn HJ
- Ait-Mohamed O
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- Akematsu T
- Akira S
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- Albert ML
- Albin RL
- Alegre-Abarrategui J
- Aleo MF
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- Amano A
- Amaravadi R
- Amarnath S
- Amer AO
- Anantharam V
- Andrieu-Abadie N
- Ann DK
- Anoopkumar-Dukie S
- Aoki H
- Apostolova N
- Arancia G
- Aris JP
- Asanuma K
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- Ashida H
- Askanas V
- Askew DS
- Auberger P
- Baba M
- Backues SK
- Baehrecke EH
- Bahr BA
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- Bailly Y
- Baiocchi R
- Baldini G
- Balduini W
- Ballabio A
- Bamber BA
- Bampton ET
- Bartholomew CR
- Bassham DC
- Bast RC Jr
- Batoko H
- Bay BH
- Beau I
- Begley TJ
- Behl C
- Behrends C
- Bekri S
- Bellaire B
- Bendall LJ
- Benetti L
- Berliocchi L
- Bernardi H
- Bernassola F
- Besteiro S
- Bhatia-Kissova I
- Bi X
- Biard-Piechaczyk M
- Blum JS
- Boise LH
- Bonaldo P
- Boone DL
- Bornhauser BC
- Bortoluci KR
- Bossis I
- Bost F
- Bourquin JP
- Boya P
- Boyer-Guittaut M
- Bozhkov PV
- Brady NR
- Brancolini C
- Brech A
- Brenman JE
- Brennand A
- Bresnick EH
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- Bridges D
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- Brookes PS
- Brown EJ
- Brumell JH
- Brunetti-Pierri N
- Brunk UT
- Bulman DE
- Bultman SJ
- Bultynck G
- Burbulla LF
- Bursch W
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- Buzgariu W
- Bydlowski SP
- Bánhegyi G
- Béchet DM
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- Cahová M
- Cai D
- Cai J
- Cai Q
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- Calvo-Garrido J
- Camougrand N
- Campanella M
- Campos-Salinas J
- Candi E
- Cao L
- Caplan AB
- Carding SR
- Cardoso SM
- Carew JS
- Carlin CR
- Carmignac V
- Carneiro LA
- Carra S
- Caruso RA
- Casari G
- Casas C
- Castino R
- Cebollero E
- Cecconi F
- Celli J
- Chaachouay H
- Chae HJ
- Chai CY
- Chan DC
- Chan EY
- Chang RC
- Che CM
- Chen CC
- Chen GC
- Chen GQ
- Chen M
- Chen Q
- Chen SS
- Chen W
- Chen X
- Chen X
- Chen X
- Chen Y
- Chen Y
- Chen YG
- Chen YJ
- Chen Z
- Cheng A
- Cheng CH
- Cheng Y
- Cheong H
- Cheong JH
- Cherry S
- Chess-Williams R
- Cheung ZH
- Chevet E
- Chiang HL
- Chiarelli R
- Chiba T
- Chin LS
- Chiou SH
- Chisari FV
- Cho CH
- Cho DH
- Choi AM
- Choi D
- Choi KS
- Choi ME
- Chouaib S
- Choubey D
- Choubey V
- Chu CT
- Chuang TH
- Chueh SH
- Chun T
- Chwae YJ
- Chye ML
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- Clarke PG
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- Edinger AL
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- Elazar Z
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- Esclatine A
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- Espina V
- Fan H
- Fan J
- Fan QW
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- Farré JC
- Faure M
- Fechheimer M
- Feng CG
- Feng J
- Feng Q
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- Fimia GM
- Fingar DC
- Finkbeiner S
- Finkel T
- Finley KD
- Fiorito F
- Fisher EA
- Fisher PB
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- Florez-McClure ML
- Florio S
- Fon EA
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- Fortunato F
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In 2008 we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy. Since then, research on this topic has continued
to accelerate, and many new scientists have entered the field. Our knowledge base and relevant new technologies have also been
expanding. Accordingly, it is important to update these guidelines for monitoring autophagy in different organisms. Various reviews have
described the range of assays that have been used for this purpose. Nevertheless, there continues to be confusion regarding acceptable
methods to measure autophagy, especially in multicellular eukaryotes. A key point that needs to be emphasized is that there is a
difference between measurements that monitor the numbers or volume of autophagic elements (e.g., autophagosomes or
autolysosomes) at any stage of the autophagic process vs. those that measure flux through the autophagy pathway (i.e., the complete
process); thus, a block in macroautophagy that results in autophagosome accumulation needs to be differentiated from stimuli that result
in increased autophagic activity, defined as increased autophagy induction coupled with increased delivery to, and degradation within,
lysosomes (in most higher eukaryotes and some protists such as Dictyostelium) or the vacuole (in plants and fungi). In other words, it is
especially important that investigators new to the field understand that the appearance of more autophagosomes does not necessarily
equate with more autophagy. In fact, in many cases, autophagosomes accumulate because of a block in trafficking to lysosomes without a
concomitant change in autophagosome biogenesis, whereas an increase in autolysosomes may reflect a reduction in degradative activity.
Here, we present a set of guidelines for the selection and interpretation of methods for use by investigators who aim to examine
macroautophagy and related processes, as well as for reviewers who need to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of papers that are
focused on these processes. These guidelines are not meant to be a formulaic set of rules, because the appropriate assays depend in part
on the question being asked and the system being used. In addition, we emphasize that no individual assay is guaranteed to be the most
appropriate one in every situation, and we strongly recommend the use of multiple assays to monitor autophagy. In these guidelines, we
consider these various methods of assessing autophagy and what information can, or cannot, be obtained from them. Finally, by
discussing the merits and limits of particular autophagy assays, we hope to encourage technical innovation in the field