Transportes Activos como Alternativa Segura y Sostenible en una Ciudad Post-Pandemia

Este proyecto de grado, nace del seminario internacional interdisciplinario 2021- “la ciudad post-Covid”; un seminario que buscaba que los estudiantes propusiéramos ideas de como seria la vida en una ciudad luego de la pandemia, vista desde 4 ejes temáticos (urbanismo tradicional, relaciones interpersonales, producción y distribución, saber e información por redes sociales). Por esta razón, este proyecto de grado busca incentivar a que las personas de la ciudad de Bogotá conozcan los beneficios de utilizar transportes activos para movilizarse a sus puntos de destino, con la finalidad de disminuir los grandes contagios por 4 Covid 19 que se presentan diariamente en el transporte público de Bogotá; aunado a lo anterior, mejorar la movilidad de la ciudad, disminuir el tráfico motorizado y contribuir a la mejora de la calidad del aire en la misma

In silico and in vitro-guided identification of inhibitors of alkylquinolone-dependent quorum sensing in Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a major opportunistic pathogen in cystic fibrosis, wound and nosocomial infections, posing a serious burden to public health, due to its antibiotic resistance. The P. aeruginosa Pseudomonas Quinolone System (pqs) quorum sensing system, driven by the activation of the transcriptional regulator, PqsR (MvfR) by alkylquinolone (AQ) signal molecules, is a key player in the regulation of virulence and a potential target for the development of novel antibacterial agents. In this study, we performed in silico docking analysis, coupled with screening using a P. aeruginosa mCTX::PpqsA-lux chromosomal promoter fusion, to identify a series of new PqsR antagonists. The hit compounds inhibited pyocyanin and alkylquinolone signal molecule production in P. aeruginosa PAO1-L and PA14 strains. The inhibitor Ia, which showed the highest activity in PA14, reduced biofilmformation in PAO1-L and PA14, increasing their sensitivity to tobramycin. Furthermore, the hepatic and plasma stabilities for these compounds were determined in both rat and human in vitro microsomal assays, to gain a further understanding of their therapeutic potential. This work has uncovered a new class of P. aeruginosa PqsR antagonists with potential for hit to lead optimisation in the search for quorum sensing inhibitors for future anti-infective drug discovery programs

Experiencias en el aula: tercer encuentro de prácticas pedagógicas innovadoras.

Experiencias de profesores en su quehacer en los distintos ambientes de aprendizaje presenciales y a distancia.Para el Centro de Excelencia Docente aeiou constituye un honor presentar la publicación del Tercer Encuentro de Prácticas Pedagógicas Innovadoras en el que se destacan cuarenta trabajos de profesores de UNIMINUTO provenientes de diferentes sedes. Con este encuentro son ya tres que bajo la dirección de aeiou los profesores han compartido su quehacer en los distintos ambientes de aprendizaje presenciales y a distancia. Cada año el Centro de Excelencia Docente invita a los profesores a participar en este evento, para el 2108 además de la inscripción voluntaria por parte de cada profesor, se invitó al estudiantado a que postularan a sus profesores que consideraban eran innovadores y creativos en el cumplimiento de su función docente y se obtuvo una respuesta importante por parte de los estudiantes, que para algunos profesores resultó sorpresiva porque quizás no habían considerado que el trabajo que hacían en su ambiente de aprendizaje era diferente, fuera de lo común. Luego de una evaluación de jurados nacionales e internacionales de las prácticas presentadas y de la realización del evento, que tuvo como novedad hacerlo de forma simultánea en cuatro sedes donde UNIMINUTO tiene presencia: Buga, Ibagué, Pereira y Bogotá, se comparte la presente publicación para tener como referencia y evidencia el trabajo que los profesores hacen a diario

Synthesis of New 1,3,5-Triazine-Based 2-Pyrazolines as Potential Anticancer Agents

A new series of 1,3,5-triazine-containing 2-pyrazoline derivatives (8–11)a–g was synthesized by cyclocondensation reactions of [(4,6-bis((2-hydroxyethyl)amino)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amine]chalcones 7a–g with hydrazine hydrate and derivatives. Chalcones 7a–g were obtained by Claisen-Schmidt condensation between aromatic aldehydes and triazinic derivative 5, which was synthesized in high yield by a microwave-assisted reaction. Seventeen of the synthesized compounds were selected and tested by the US National Cancer Institute (NCI) for their anticancer activity against 58 different human tumor cell lines. Compounds 7g and 10d,e,g showed important GI50 values ranging from 0.569 to 16.6 µM and LC50 values ranging from 5.15 to >100 µM

Experiencias en el aula: tercer encuentro de prácticas pedagógicas innovadoras.

Experiencias de profesores en su quehacer en los distintos ambientes de aprendizaje presenciales y a distancia.Para el Centro de Excelencia Docente aeiou constituye un honor presentar la publicación del Tercer Encuentro de Prácticas Pedagógicas Innovadoras en el que se destacan cuarenta trabajos de profesores de UNIMINUTO provenientes de diferentes sedes. Con este encuentro son ya tres que bajo la dirección de aeiou los profesores han compartido su quehacer en los distintos ambientes de aprendizaje presenciales y a distancia. Cada año el Centro de Excelencia Docente invita a los profesores a participar en este evento, para el 2108 además de la inscripción voluntaria por parte de cada profesor, se invitó al estudiantado a que postularan a sus profesores que consideraban eran innovadores y creativos en el cumplimiento de su función docente y se obtuvo una respuesta importante por parte de los estudiantes, que para algunos profesores resultó sorpresiva porque quizás no habían considerado que el trabajo que hacían en su ambiente de aprendizaje era diferente, fuera de lo común. Luego de una evaluación de jurados nacionales e internacionales de las prácticas presentadas y de la realización del evento, que tuvo como novedad hacerlo de forma simultánea en cuatro sedes donde UNIMINUTO tiene presencia: Buga, Ibagué, Pereira y Bogotá, se comparte la presente publicación para tener como referencia y evidencia el trabajo que los profesores hacen a diario

Global burden of 87 risk factors in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019 : a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Background: Rigorous analysis of levels and trends in exposure to leading risk factors and quantification of their effect on human health are important to identify where public health is making progress and in which cases current efforts are inadequate. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 provides a standardised and comprehensive assessment of the magnitude of risk factor exposure, relative risk, and attributable burden of disease. Methods: GBD 2019 estimated attributable mortality, years of life lost (YLLs), years of life lived with disability (YLDs), and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 87 risk factors and combinations of risk factors, at the global level, regionally, and for 204 countries and territories. GBD uses a hierarchical list of risk factors so that specific risk factors (eg, sodium intake), and related aggregates (eg, diet quality), are both evaluated. This method has six analytical steps. (1) We included 560 risk–outcome pairs that met criteria for convincing or probable evidence on the basis of research studies. 12 risk–outcome pairs included in GBD 2017 no longer met inclusion criteria and 47 risk–outcome pairs for risks already included in GBD 2017 were added based on new evidence. (2) Relative risks were estimated as a function of exposure based on published systematic reviews, 81 systematic reviews done for GBD 2019, and meta-regression. (3) Levels of exposure in each age-sex-location-year included in the study were estimated based on all available data sources using spatiotemporal Gaussian process regression, DisMod-MR 2.1, a Bayesian meta-regression method, or alternative methods. (4) We determined, from published trials or cohort studies, the level of exposure associated with minimum risk, called the theoretical minimum risk exposure level. (5) Attributable deaths, YLLs, YLDs, and DALYs were computed by multiplying population attributable fractions (PAFs) by the relevant outcome quantity for each age-sex-location-year. (6) PAFs and attributable burden for combinations of risk factors were estimated taking into account mediation of different risk factors through other risk factors. Across all six analytical steps, 30 652 distinct data sources were used in the analysis. Uncertainty in each step of the analysis was propagated into the final estimates of attributable burden. Exposure levels for dichotomous, polytomous, and continuous risk factors were summarised with use of the summary exposure value to facilitate comparisons over time, across location, and across risks. Because the entire time series from 1990 to 2019 has been re-estimated with use of consistent data and methods, these results supersede previously published GBD estimates of attributable burden. Findings: The largest declines in risk exposure from 2010 to 2019 were among a set of risks that are strongly linked to social and economic development, including household air pollution; unsafe water, sanitation, and handwashing; and child growth failure. Global declines also occurred for tobacco smoking and lead exposure. The largest increases in risk exposure were for ambient particulate matter pollution, drug use, high fasting plasma glucose, and high body-mass index. In 2019, the leading Level 2 risk factor globally for attributable deaths was high systolic blood pressure, which accounted for 10·8 million (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 9·51–12·1) deaths (19·2% [16·9–21·3] of all deaths in 2019), followed by tobacco (smoked, second-hand, and chewing), which accounted for 8·71 million (8·12–9·31) deaths (15·4% [14·6–16·2] of all deaths in 2019). The leading Level 2 risk factor for attributable DALYs globally in 2019 was child and maternal malnutrition, which largely affects health in the youngest age groups and accounted for 295 million (253–350) DALYs (11·6% [10·3–13·1] of all global DALYs that year). The risk factor burden varied considerably in 2019 between age groups and locations. Among children aged 0–9 years, the three leading detailed risk factors for attributable DALYs were all related to malnutrition. Iron deficiency was the leading risk factor for those aged 10–24 years, alcohol use for those aged 25–49 years, and high systolic blood pressure for those aged 50–74 years and 75 years and older. Interpretation: Overall, the record for reducing exposure to harmful risks over the past three decades is poor. Success with reducing smoking and lead exposure through regulatory policy might point the way for a stronger role for public policy on other risks in addition to continued efforts to provide information on risk factor harm to the general public. Funding: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.Peer reviewe

Global burden of 87 risk factors in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Background: Rigorous analysis of levels and trends in exposure to leading risk factors and quantification of their effect on human health are important to identify where public health is making progress and in which cases current efforts are inadequate. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 provides a standardised and comprehensive assessment of the magnitude of risk factor exposure, relative risk, and attributable burden of disease. Methods: GBD 2019 estimated attributable mortality, years of life lost (YLLs), years of life lived with disability (YLDs), and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 87 risk factors and combinations of risk factors, at the global level, regionally, and for 204 countries and territories. GBD uses a hierarchical list of risk factors so that specific risk factors (eg, sodium intake), and related aggregates (eg, diet quality), are both evaluated. This method has six analytical steps. (1) We included 560 risk–outcome pairs that met criteria for convincing or probable evidence on the basis of research studies. 12 risk–outcome pairs included in GBD 2017 no longer met inclusion criteria and 47 risk–outcome pairs for risks already included in GBD 2017 were added based on new evidence. (2) Relative risks were estimated as a function of exposure based on published systematic reviews, 81 systematic reviews done for GBD 2019, and meta-regression. (3) Levels of exposure in each age-sex-location-year included in the study were estimated based on all available data sources using spatiotemporal Gaussian process regression, DisMod-MR 2.1, a Bayesian meta-regression method, or alternative methods. (4) We determined, from published trials or cohort studies, the level of exposure associated with minimum risk, called the theoretical minimum risk exposure level. (5) Attributable deaths, YLLs, YLDs, and DALYs were computed by multiplying population attributable fractions (PAFs) by the relevant outcome quantity for each age-sex-location-year. (6) PAFs and attributable burden for combinations of risk factors were estimated taking into account mediation of different risk factors through other risk factors. Across all six analytical steps, 30 652 distinct data sources were used in the analysis. Uncertainty in each step of the analysis was propagated into the final estimates of attributable burden. Exposure levels for dichotomous, polytomous, and continuous risk factors were summarised with use of the summary exposure value to facilitate comparisons over time, across location, and across risks. Because the entire time series from 1990 to 2019 has been re-estimated with use of consistent data and methods, these results supersede previously published GBD estimates of attributable burden. Findings: The largest declines in risk exposure from 2010 to 2019 were among a set of risks that are strongly linked to social and economic development, including household air pollution; unsafe water, sanitation, and handwashing; and child growth failure. Global declines also occurred for tobacco smoking and lead exposure. The largest increases in risk exposure were for ambient particulate matter pollution, drug use, high fasting plasma glucose, and high body-mass index. In 2019, the leading Level 2 risk factor globally for attributable deaths was high systolic blood pressure, which accounted for 10·8 million (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 9·51–12·1) deaths (19·2% [16·9–21·3] of all deaths in 2019), followed by tobacco (smoked, second-hand, and chewing), which accounted for 8·71 million (8·12–9·31) deaths (15·4% [14·6–16·2] of all deaths in 2019). The leading Level 2 risk factor for attributable DALYs globally in 2019 was child and maternal malnutrition, which largely affects health in the youngest age groups and accounted for 295 million (253–350) DALYs (11·6% [10·3–13·1] of all global DALYs that year). The risk factor burden varied considerably in 2019 between age groups and locations. Among children aged 0–9 years, the three leading detailed risk factors for attributable DALYs were all related to malnutrition. Iron deficiency was the leading risk factor for those aged 10–24 years, alcohol use for those aged 25–49 years, and high systolic blood pressure for those aged 50–74 years and 75 years and older. Interpretation: Overall, the record for reducing exposure to harmful risks over the past three decades is poor. Success with reducing smoking and lead exposure through regulatory policy might point the way for a stronger role for public policy on other risks in addition to continued efforts to provide information on risk factor harm to the general public. Funding: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation

ESICM LIVES 2016: part two : Milan, Italy. 1-5 October 2016.

Meeting abstrac