Quantitative determination of phyllanthin in Phyllanthus amarus by high-performance thin layer chromatography

Un método simple, preciso y rápido de cromatografía de capa fina de alto rendimiento ha sido desarrollado para la estimación de phyllantina y los lignanos importante de Phyllanthus amarus. La separación de phyllantina se llevó a cabo en capas de silica gel 60 F254 eluidas con hexano: acetato de etilo (2:1), y los analitos fueron visualizados mediante el desarrollo de color con un 10% de ácido sulfúrico concentrado en etanol. Los análisis y cuantificación de los puntos se realizó a 200 nm. El método fue validado

HPLC analysis of bioactive steroids from the roots of Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal (Ashwagandha)

A simple procedure was described for the determination of Withanolide A and Withanolide B in Ashwagandha root by HPLC. Separation was achieved on a Spherisorb C18 column with Water: Acetonitrile in the gradient elution. Detection was accomplished with UV detection at λ = 216 nm. Using this method, the bioactive steroid in Withania somnifera was determined. Significant variations in the contents of Withanolide A and Withanolide B in Ashwagandha root growing in different locations were also observed.Colegio de Farmacéuticos de la Provincia de Buenos Aire

Mapping local patterns of childhood overweight and wasting in low- and middle-income countries between 2000 and 2017

A double burden of malnutrition occurs when individuals, household members or communities experience both undernutrition and overweight. Here, we show geospatial estimates of overweight and wasting prevalence among children under 5 years of age in 105 low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) from 2000 to 2017 and aggregate these to policy-relevant administrative units. Wasting decreased overall across LMICs between 2000 and 2017, from 8.4% (62.3 (55.1–70.8) million) to 6.4% (58.3 (47.6–70.7) million), but is predicted to remain above the World Health Organization’s Global Nutrition Target of <5% in over half of LMICs by 2025. Prevalence of overweight increased from 5.2% (30 (22.8–38.5) million) in 2000 to 6.0% (55.5 (44.8–67.9) million) children aged under 5 years in 2017. Areas most affected by double burden of malnutrition were located in Indonesia, Thailand, southeastern China, Botswana, Cameroon and central Nigeria. Our estimates provide a new perspective to researchers, policy makers and public health agencies in their efforts to address this global childhood syndemic

Sorption studies on clay for the removal of phenol and p-nitrophenol from aqueous solution

620-623Sorption of phenol and p-nitrophenol from aqueous solution has been investigated using clay sorbent. The effect of particle size of sorbent, pH, phenol concentration and temperature on sorption capacity has been studied by batch experiments. Langmuir adsorption isotherm constants show that the sorption data for phenols onto clay fits well in this model. The sorption of phenols studied follows pseudo second-order kinetics. This study shows that clay can be used as an efficient sorbent material for the sorption of phenols from aqueous solution

Differential responses of plumbagin content in Plumbago zeylanica L. (Chitrak) under controlled water stress treatments

A pot experiment was conducted on Plumbago zeylanica L. (Chitrak) under controlled water stress environment in greenhouse during the kharif season. The experiment was laid out in completely randomized design with five treatments of different water stress levels i.e. control, 20%, 40%, 60% and 80% and four replications. Out of five stress levels, 80% water stress has influenced root length, dry herbage, plumbagin, potassium and proline content. In control conditions the plant height, number of leaf, total leaf area, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, photosynthesis, CO2 utilization, H2O utilization and chlorophyll were found to be maximum. The impact of water stress on plumbagin content has shown increase trend with respect to different water stress levels that is maximum at 80 % and minimum at control

Growth and Yield Quality Parameter of Phyllanthus Amarus as Affected by Moisture and Temperature Stress factors

This work investigates the influence of moisture and temperature stress on plant phenological parameters of Phyllanthus amarusplant. A pot experiment was conducted under controlled water stress environment in greenhouse during the Rabi season of 2007 and 2008 at the Experimental Farm area, JNKVV, Jabalpur. Plants were treated with different levels of water and temperature stresses. The experimental design was Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with six treatments and five replications. Moisture stress has been given on selected dates for which the sets of pot were first brought to field capacity and the water with hold till wilting. It was found that the Plantheight, Root length, Number of leaves, Number of branches per plants, No. of fruits per plant, Leaf area, Dry weight gm per plant were found maximum in control condition

Genotypic Variation Studies in Biomass Partitioning Patterns during Post-flowering Stages under the Late Sown Conditions of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Germplasm

This study conducted during the 2021-2022 year under field conditions investigates the genotypic variation in biomass partitioning among different chickpea genotypes during post-flowering stages, with a specific emphasis on late sown conditions. The main aim of the study was to elucidate the efficiency of resource allocation toward pod production, measured by the pod harvest index. This research enhances understanding of chickpea performance under delayed sowing conditions by examining genotypic variations in key parameters during critical post-flowering stages, specifically pod filling and seed filling. Biomass partitioning in branches and pods varied considerably during both growth stages, with branches playing a crucial role in pod development during pod filling. The transition from pod filling to seed filling stage resulted in increased biomass partitioning in pods, highlighting their importance as storage organs for seed development. Seed yield exhibited significant variability among genotypes, with some surpassing 2000 kg/ha, while pod harvest index ranged from 35.62% to 70.48%, indicating differences in resource allocation efficiency. Regression analysis showed varying degrees of association between biomass partitioning and pod harvest index, with seed yield and pod harvest index, biomass partitioning in pods exhibiting the highest explanatory power during seed filling. By studying the adaptation of plants towards biphasic and allometric allocation patterns during unfavorable conditions can result in developing the resource use efficient climate resilient varieties. These findings contribute to our understanding of crop productivity under varying environmental conditions and inform strategies for optimizing chickpea yield and resilience