Perception of a divergent family of phytocytokines by the Arabidopsis receptor kinase MIK2

Plant genomes encode hundreds of receptor kinases and peptides, but the number of known plant receptor-ligand pairs is limited. We report that the Arabidopsis leucine-rich repeat receptor kinase LRR-RK MALE DISCOVERER 1-INTERACTING RECEPTOR LIKE KINASE 2 (MIK2) is the receptor for the SERINE RICH ENDOGENOUS PEPTIDE (SCOOP) phytocytokines. MIK2 is necessary and sufficient for immune responses triggered by multiple SCOOP peptides, suggesting that MIK2 is the receptor for this divergent family of peptides. Accordingly, the SCOOP12 peptide directly binds MIK2 and triggers complex formation between MIK2 and the BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE 1-ASSOCIATED KINASE 1 (BAK1) co-receptor. MIK2 is required for resistance to the important root pathogen Fusarium oxysporum. Notably, we reveal that Fusarium proteomes encode SCOOP-like sequences, and corresponding synthetic peptides induce MIK2-dependent immune responses. These results suggest that MIK2 may recognise Fusarium-derived SCOOP-like sequences to induce immunity against Fusarium. The definition of SCOOPs as MIK2 ligands will help to unravel the multiple roles played by MIK2 during plant growth, development and stress responses

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Not AvailableRice (Oryza sativa) is an important cereal crop and staple food for more than half of the world population. The sedentary endoparasitic nematode Meloidogyne graminicola is one of the major biotic stress factors that limit rice production globally irrespective of the agro-ecosystem. To tackle this, the host plant resistance is given prime importance due to global awareness towards ecologically stable and environmentally safe management options. However, the availability of resistant source within O. sativa against M. graminicola is limited and hence the search was extended to its wild relatives globally. In line with that, about 24 germplasms of different Oryza species collected from the gene bank of NRRI, Cuttack were evaluated against M. graminicola under artificial inoculation condition. Among them O. eichingeri and O. grandiglumis belonging to O. officinalis species complex and O. brachyantha were found to be resistant to M. graminicola with the lowest gall index (2.0-2.3 galls /root system). Oyza rufipogon, O. officinalis and O. alta were found tolerant to the nematode while all other species exhibited susceptible to highly susceptible reaction to the nematode. A more comprehensive study is necessary to shed light on the consistency of resistance within each Oryza species and also suggest the utilization of molecular tools to decipher the resistance mechanism govern in the reported accessions against rice root-knot nematode.Not Availabl

Search for Low-Mass Dijet Resonances Using Trigger-Level Jets with the ATLAS Detector in pp Collisions at root s=13 TeV

Searches for dijet resonances with sub-TeV masses using the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider can be statistically limited by the bandwidth available to inclusive single-jet triggers, whose data-collection rates at low transverse momentum are much lower than the rate from standard model multijet production. This Letter describes a new search for dijet resonances where this limitation is overcome by recording only the event information calculated by the jet trigger algorithms, thereby allowing much higher event rates with reduced storage needs. The search targets low-mass dijet resonances in the range 450–1800 GeV. The analyzed data set has an integrated luminosity of up to 29.3  fb−1 and was recorded at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. No excesses are found; limits are set on Gaussian-shaped contributions to the dijet mass distribution from new particles and on a model of dark-matter particles with axial-vector couplings to quarks.We thank CERN for the very successful operation of the LHC, as well as the support staff from our institutions without whom ATLAS could not be operated efficiently. We acknowledge the support of ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWFW and FWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; SSTC, Belarus; CNPq and FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, NRC and CFI, Canada; CERN; CONICYT, Chile; CAS, MOST and NSFC, China; COLCIENCIAS, Colombia; MSMT CR, MPO CR and VSC CR, Czech Republic; DNRF and DNSRC, Denmark; IN2P3-CNRS, CEA-DRF/IRFU, France; SRNSFG, Georgia; BMBF, HGF, and MPG, Germany; GSRT, Greece; RGC, Hong Kong SAR, China; ISF, I-CORE and Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT and JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; NWO, Netherlands; RCN, Norway; MNiSW and NCN, Poland; FCT, Portugal; MNE/IFA, Romania; MES of Russia and NRC KI, Russian Federation; JINR; MESTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS and MIZS, Slovenia; DST/NRF, South Africa; MINECO, Spain; SRC and Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SERI, SNSF and Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; MOST, Taiwan; TAEK, Turkey; STFC, United Kingdom; DOE and NSF, United States of America. In addition, individual groups and members have received support from BCKDF, the Canada Council, CANARIE, CRC, Compute Canada, FQRNT, and the Ontario Innovation Trust, Canada; EPLANET, ERC, ERDF, FP7, Horizon 2020 and Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions, European Union; Investissements d'Avenir Labex and Idex, ANR, Region Auvergne and Fondation Partager le Savoir, France; DFG and AvH Foundation, Germany; Herakleitos, Thales and Aristeia programmes co-financed by EU-ESF and the Greek NSRF; BSF, GIF and Minerva, Israel; BRF, Norway; CERCA Programme Generalitat de Catalunya, Generalitat Valenciana, Spain; the Royal Society and Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom. The crucial computing support from all WLCG partners is acknowledged gratefully, in particular from CERN, the ATLAS Tier-1 facilities at TRIUMF (Canada), NDGF (Denmark, Norway, Sweden), CC-IN2P3 (France), KIT/GridKA (Germany), INFN-CNAF (Italy), NL-T1 (Netherinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio